Browsing by Author "Sola-Ojo, F.E."

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    ANALYSIS OF GENE TIC DIVERSITY IN MUSCOVY DUCK OF BARUTEN LOCAL GOVERNMENT KWARA STATE NIGERIA, USING THE NUCLEAR CYP2U1
    (Nigerian Journal of Genetics, 2021) Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Adeola, C.A.; Yusuff, O.A.; Momoh, E.O.
    The analysis of Genetic diversity within and between populations is important for development of sustainable livestock production. Muscovy duck (Carina Moschata) is important among the poultry specie raised by most peasant farmers in Baruten local government area of Kwara State, Nigeria for egg and meat production. This study evaluated the genetic diversity between Muscovy duck populations in some selected locations within the local government; [Bani (BON), Okuta (OKE), Yembeleku (BART) and Ilesha Baruba (ILE)] using the nuclear DNA Cytochrome P450 family 2 Subfamily U Polypeptide 1 (CYP2U1) genes. The results showed 722 monomorphic sites and 25 polymorphic sites. The sequences obtained were grouped into nine haplotypes with diversity of 0.771 and low nucleotide diversity per site (Pi-0.00608). A total number of 26 mutations were discovered with haplotype diversity ranging from 0.80 to 0.86 for ILE, BART and BON Muscovy duck. The Jalview results from 0 to 167 bp revealed some of the polymorphism consisting of substitutions and insertions in BON, BART and ILE at 33, 37, 47, 113 and 159 bp; while the phylogenetic tree showed a high level of monophyletic relationship between some of the Muscovy duck. Our study reveals high haplotype diversity but low nucleotide diversity within and between the Muscovy duck studied in Baruten local government of Kwara State, Nigeria. The high haplotype diversity is in accordance with the high number of haplotypes observed in each location, while the low nucleotide diversity reflects that Nigeria Muscovy duck are likely a descent of common maternal lineage. This finding serves as baseline information, thus more research evidence including wider geographic coverage of Nigeria is still required.
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    Association of MC1R variation and plumage color diversity of Nigerian domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica)
    (Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research (JAVAR), 2022) Xiang-Xiang, Jiang; Adeniyi, C.A.; Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Ibraheem, A.A.; Isiaka, H.F.; Ojuerayetan, J.O.; Abdulwahab, B.A.; Olawale, A.O.; Oladejo, H.A.; Oladipo, U.; Hussein, H.; Semiu, F.B.; Min-Sheng, Peng; Ya-Pring, Zhang
    Objectives: Domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) have diverse plumage pigmentations. Melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene variation has been correlated with color traits. The association between MC1R and plumage coloration in African domestic pigeons is yet to be investigated. Materials and Methods: Herein, we report the relationships between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MC1R and plumage of 35 domestic pigeons from Nigeria with 4 different plumage phenotypes plus 37 published MC1R sequences from France (n = 14) and Russia (n = 11). Results: We obtained 14 SNP sites among 72 individuals. Missense mutations C206T (Ser69Leu) and G253A (Val85Met) were observed in 16 and 8 Nigerian pigeons, respectively. The chi-squared test (p < 0.05) for C206T, G253A, and A520G has the advantage of homozygous genotypes CC, GG, and AA, respectively. The association of C206T loci showed the advantage of CC genotype in ashred, spread, and white pigeons, and TT in blue-bar, spread, and white feather pigeons. For G253A and A520G loci, GG and AA were dominant in all plumages except for genotype AA in G253A, which was prominent in ash-red, spread, and white plumages. The three SNPs were assigned to seven haplotypes. The median-joining network revealed 20 haplotypes, including 5 in Nigeria and 2 shared. Conclusion: This study provides an insight into the association of MC1R variation and plumage diversity in Nigerian domestic pigeons. However, due to the limitation of the current data, we could not make further conclusions; this necessitates the need for more genomics studies on Nigerian pigeons.
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    Basic Terms and Concepts in Animal Production: An Illustrated Guide
    (2014) Yousuf, M.B.; Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Badmos, A.H.A.; Amin, A.B.; Kolo, U.M.; Sikiru, A.B.
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    Body weight and Morphometric traits characterization of Some Nigeria Homing Pigeons (Columbia livia).
    (Department of Biology. University of Tlemcen. Algeria., 2021) Abubakar, I.A.; Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Adeola, A.C.; Ibiwoye, D.I.
    Growth traits characterization of Nigeria homing pigeons was done using one hundred and thirty eight (138) birds from three locations (LCT) of different agro-ecological zones in Nigeria [Kebbi (KEB):North West; Ilorin (ILR): North Central and Osogbo (OSG): South West]. Parameters measured were body weight (BW) in gram and morphometric body parameters in cm viz. Head length (HL), beak length (BL), neck length (NL), body length (BL), body girth (BG), wing length (WL), body height (BH), thigh length (TL), drumstick length (DL) and keel length (KL). The results showed that, significant (p<0.05) differences existed between body weight and body parameters measured except BL. ILR pigeons had significantly (p<0.05) higher BW (263.51g) compared to OSG (204.15), but similar (p>0.05) to KEB (249.76g); the morphometric body parameters measured showed that HL, BG and WL values were significantly (p<0.05) higher in ILR; OSG had significantly (p<0.05) higher values for KL, while KEB pigeons had significantly (p<0.05) higher values for BL, NL, BH, TL, DL, and SL. Positive and significant correlations (p<0.01, 0.05) exists between locations, NL, SL and BH; BW was negatively correlated with locations with a significant (0.01) value of -0.58. PCA shows the clustering of growth traits from 18.94 to 25.14% under PC1 and 2, canonical discriminant functions gouped KEB and OSG with 56.60%; ILR and KEB with 43.60% while hierarchical clustering shows that KEB homing piegons are distinct from those of ILR and OSG. This results shows that locations have significant effects on growth traits in Nigeria homing pigeons.
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    Comparative Dietary Values of Dried Pawpaw Leaves, Cassava Leaves and Orange Pulp for Giant African Land Snails.
    (Society of Animal Production, Department of livestock and Avian Science, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka., 2016) Badmos, A.A.; Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Yusuff, A.T.; Oke, S.A.; Amusan, T.O.; Kayode, R.M.O.; Bolarin, O.; Adefalu, L.L.; Lawal, A.O.
    This study was conducted to investigate the comparative nutritional adequacy of cassava leaves, pawpaw leaves and orange peel for snail (Archachatina marginata) feed components. A total of three hundred adult snails (weighing 270 – 300g each) were randomly allocated to five treatments that were replicated five times, and each replicate unit consisted of twenty snails. The diets were formulated to contain 22 % protein and 1 900 Kcal/Kg Metabolizable Energy. The result showed that the control diet (pawpaw leaves based) was most consumed, gave the highest weight gain and visceral weight, but the orange pulp based diet gave most efficient Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and dressing percentage (p<0.05). The study recommends the use of the three test ingredients as feed components for the Giant African Land Snails.
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    Dietary Oil Type and Late Feed Restriction Elicit Synergistic Effects on Growth, Caeca Bacteria, Carcass, Fat Accretion, and Muscle Lipids in Female Broilers
    (Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2023) Adeyemi, K.D.; Sola-Ojo, F.E.; El-Imam, A.M.; Atolani, O.; Alli, O.I.; Adegboyega, A.O.; Abubakar, S.O.; Obamonire, O.S.; Ologunade, F.O.
    The influence of dietary oil type (OT) and late feed restriction (FR) on growth, caeca bacteria count, carcass, separable fat depots, serum and muscle lipids, and meat quality in broilers is examined. In total, 224, 21-day-old female Arbor acres broilers are randomly allotted to either PN, Unrestricted+50 g kg−1 palm oil (PO); PR, 25%-FR+PO; SN, Unrestricted+50 g kg−1 soybean oil (SO); or SR, 25%-FR+SO for 21 d. The SN and PR birds have the heaviest and lightest body weight gain (BWG), respectively. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) is poorer in the PN birds. Feed-restricted birds have more caeca Lactobacillus and lower Salmonella, serum cholesterol, and triglycerides. Carcass yield is higher in SR birds and lower in PN birds. The FR-OT interaction is significant for muscle lipids and weight of fat depots. The PN birds deposit more abdominal, intramuscular, sartorial, mesentery and neck fats, muscle saturated fatty acids, and C18:1n-9 and lower C18:3n-3 and C20:5n-3 than other birds. Neither OT nor FR affects the pH, color, water holding capacity, and oxidative stability of breast meat. The changes elicited by 25%-FR on BWG, FCR, carcass yield, depot fats, and muscle lipids in female broilers are dependent on dietary OT. Practical Application: Fast growth rate and unrestricted access to feed can predispose broiler chickens to excessive fat accretion, which is counterproductive. Producing high-quality carcasses that meet consumers’ expectation is crucial for sustainable and efficient broiler production. The possible interaction between dietary OT and late quantitative FR in mitigating excessive fat accretion and altering production indices in female broilers is explored. Late quantitative FR reduces BWG, FCR, serum lipids, caeca pH and Salmonella spp. and fat accretion in fat depots, and enhances carcass yield and caeca Lactobacillus spp. However, the impacts are more pronounced in the PO birds than the SO birds. Late FR improves the C18:3n-3 and C18:2n-6 contents in PO meat while reducing the C14:0 and C16:0 contents in SO meat. These findings explicate that dietary OT and late quantitative FR can be synergistically used to mitigate excessive fat accretion and alter growth, caeca microflora, and muscle lipids in broilers.
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    Effect of different sources of dietary calcium on the carcass and sensory qualities of giant African land snails (Archachatina marginata)
    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Uyo., 2016) Badmos, A.A.; Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Oke, S.A.; Amusa, T.O.; Amali, H.E.; Lawal, A.O.
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    Effect of different sources of dietary calcium on the carcass and sensory qualities of giant African land snails (Archachatina marginata).
    (Nigerian Journal of Agriculture, Food and Environment. Published by the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria., 2016) Badmos, A.A.; Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Oke, S.A.; Amusa, T.O.; Amali, H.E.; Lawal, A.O.
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    Effect of early feeding of diluted diets on haematology and serum chemistry of exotic and improved local chicks
    (Animal Science Association of Nigeria (ASAN), 2018) Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Alli, O.I.; Adeyemi, K.D.; Akinjuku, J.O.
    An experiment was conducted to evaluate the haematology and serum biochemistry of exotic and improved local chicks fed different diluted diets at early age (0 – 4 weeks). Two hundred (200) day old chicks (exotic and improved local genotype) were used for this study. The chicks were wing tagged and grouped at random based on genotypes to four dietary treatments. The diets were; commercial diets (CD) as Control, CD + 20% wheat offal (CDW), CD + 20% palm kernel cake (CDP) and CD + 20% processed baobab seed meal (CDB). At four weeks of age, blood samples were taken from the chicks for serum and haematological assay. The results indicated that packed cell volume, white blood cell, red blood cell, lymphocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil and basophil were similar (p < 0.05) irrespective of the chicks’ genotype and across the dietary treatments. Significant (p < 0.05) variations existed in haemoglobin value between the strains and across the dietary treatment (2.45 to 8.80 x 106g/dl-1). Alanine aminotransferase and uric acid were not significantly influenced (p> 0.05) by genotypes and diets, but glucose, protein, albumin, cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and triglycerol significantly (p < 0.05) varied. Dilution of chicks’ diets should be discouraged because it had a significant negative effect on haemoglobin and caused significant variations in chicks serum chemistry.
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    Effects of feeding diluted diets on growth performance and morpho-metric body parameters of exotic and improved local chicks
    (Nigerian Journal of Animal Science, 2020) Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Ayorinde, K.L.; Ifedayo-Ojo, B.O.; Adeniji, R.O.; Ibiwoye, D.I.; Abubakar, I.A.
    Two hundred chicks consisting of one hundred exotic layers and one hundred improved local chicks of local and exotic (LXE) genotypes were investigated to determine the effect of diet dilution on performance and growth traits of chicks for a period of twenty eight days. Standard chick’s diet was diluted with 20 percent wheat offal, palm kernel cake, baobab seed meal, respectively and fed to each chick’s type ad libitum throughout the trial period in a 2x4 factorial experimental design. Data collected included feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), body weight (BW) and morphometric body parameters such as body girth (BG), body length (BL), shank length (SL), shank diameter (SD), thigh length (TL), keel length (KL), wing length (WL) and drumstick (DL) and analyzed using one way analysis of variance of SAS statistical package. FI, WG, FCR, BW and all the morphometric body parameters were significantly (p<0.05) affected by genotype and diet dilution. Significant interaction existed between chicken genotypes and diets type for all the morphometric body parameters measured. Dilution of recommended diets should not be encouraged as the chicks fed diluted diets had poorer performance compared to those fed non-diluted standard diet during the experimental period. Therefore, small scale farmers are advised against such practice.
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    Effects of genotypes on Body weight and Morphometric body parameters in some adult Nigerian Local Chickens based on Normal and Rare feather types
    (The Korean Society of Animal Breeding and Genomics., 2020) Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Ibiwoye, D.I.; Asogwa, N.T.; Abubakar, I.A.; Yusuff, O.A.; Babalola, F.A.; Babatunde, A.O.
    Haemoglobin polymorphism in some adult local chickens of the North Central region of Nigeria was determined using cellulose acetate electrophoresis. Blood samples were collected from one hundred and eleven (111) local chickens. The chickens included 94 normal feathers and 7, 6 and 4, respectively for the rare feather gene types (frizzle; FF, silky; sh and Naked neck ; Nana). Genotype frequencies were calculated using simple descriptive statistics and subjected to Chi square analysis to determine how the observed distribution of haemoglobin types in the chickens fits with the expected. From the total number of observation the results showed that, 24.32, 43.24 and 32.43% of the population were HbAA, HbAB and HbBB, respectively. Eighty six (86) females and 25 males were studied and the frequencies of haemoglobin type were 22, 38 and 26 for Hb AA, Hb AB and Hb BB, respectively for the females while 20% of the male were Hb AA 40% were obtained for HbAB and HbBB . The normal feathered chickens had 21 Hb AA, 44Hb AB and 29 HbBB, the frizzle feather chickens had 3 Hb AA and Hb BB and 1 Hb AB, Silky feathers chickens in the population studied had 1 HbAA, 2 HbAB and 3 HbBB while Naked neck had 2 HbAA, 1 HbAB and 1 HbBB. The Chi square analysis results indicated that all the populations were of different haemoglobin type and distribution of observed frequencies fits into the expected with lower Chi test values obtained for all genotypes in the factors considered. Haemoglobin genotypes detected affected body weight, body girth, and beak length, while feather types affected body height and shank diameters among the population of chickens studied. This study indicated that the population of chickens with adaptive rare feather gene is low. Also, majority of the Nigerian local chickens studied had more of heterozygotes Hb AB and homozygotes recessive Hb BB haemoglobin type, thus concerted effort to conserve Nigerian local chickens with homozygote Hb AA haemoglobin type is recommended .
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    Effects of Heterosis and Direction of Crossing on Production performance of F1 Offspring of Dominant Black Strain and Fulani Ecotype Chickens.
    (AGROSEARCH (A Journal of Agriculture Food and Development), Faculty of Agriculture University of Ilorin., 2012) Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Ayorinde, K.L.; Fayeye, T.R.; Toye, A.A.
    The objectives of this study were to determine the mode of gene action of determinants of performance (i.e. positive or negative heterosis) in F chickens produced by mating Fulani Ecotype (FE) and Dominant Black strain (DB) chickens, and whether the direction of crossing (DBxFE or FExDB) influenced the mode of gene action. Analysis of all F data irrespective of cross direction (combined) showed that the effect of 1 percentage heterosis was positive but weak for Weight Gain (WG) = 0.04, Feed Intake (FI) = 3.83, Body Weight at First egg (BWF) = 0.76, Egg Weight (EW) = 11.28, and 0 for Egg Number (EN) and Mortality (M) during the laying period. The combined heterotic effects were negative for Hen Day Production (HDP), Feed efficiency (FEf), Age at Sexual Maturity (ASM), and mortality from day old to 21 weeks of age (-0.16, -4.33, -9.15 and -67.74% respectively). Positive but low heterosis was obtained for BWF (0.76), and EW (11.28) and WG, FEf, EN, ASM, HDP and M showed negative heterosis (-100.00 to - 0.28) in the DBXFE cross bred. The mean performance of the FEXDB showed positive heterosis ranging from 1.08 to 100% in WG, FI, BWF, EW, EN, HDP and M during the laying period, while negative heterosis; -67.74, -4.54 and -8.22 was observed for M (0- 21days), FEf and ASM. The reciprocal effects showed F FEXDB were superior in ASM, 1 BWF and EW, while F DBxFE were superior in EN, HDP and M. 1
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    Effects of plumage colour, sex and correlation on bodyweight and linear body measurements in the Nigerian local turkey
    (World’s Poultry Science Association-Nigeria Branch, 2016) Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Ayorinde, K.L.; Fayeye, T.R.; Ahutu, I.A.; Obadare, A.R.
    One hundred (100) sixteen (16) weeks old Nigerian local turkeys (55 males and 45 females) consisting of 43 lavender 36 white and 21 black plumage turkeys were used to evaluate the effect of plumage colour and sex on growth traits (body weight and linear body measurements). Correlations between body weight and the linear hody measurements were also evaluated. The black male turkey numerically had highest values for the growth traits measured, except the body length which was higher in the lavender, followed by the lavender male, while the white plumage turkey had the lowest value. In the female turkey, the lavender numerically had higher values for all parameters measured except the keel length which was higher in the black plumage turkey; the white female turkey had lowest value as well. The effect of sex on body weight and linear body measurements was significant (p<0.05). The male turkey had significantly (p<0.05) higher growth traits values than the female. Linear body measurements were highly correlated (p<0.01), positive and significant with body weight in Nigerian local turkey, ranging from 0.47 obtained for keel length to 0.95 for body length in male, and 0.60 obtained for keel length to 0.92 for body length in female. However, the shank diameter had a low (0.20) correlation value with the body weight in male Nigerian local turkey. This study shows that the black male and lavender female turkey had higher value for body weight and linear body measurement. Male Nigerian local turkey had significantly higher values for growth traits, while positive and significant correlation existed between some linear body measurements and body weight in the Nigerian local turkey.
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    Evaluation of Reproductive Performance, Egg Production and Egg Quality Traits in the Fulani Ecotype Chicken Raised Intensively
    (Animal Science Association of Nigeria (ASAN)., 2011) Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Toye, A.A.; Ayorinde, K.L.
    Five hundred and ten (510) indigenous Fulani Ecotype (FE) chicken eggs collected from three different Fulani Kraals in Kwara state were used to evaluate the reproductive performance of intensively raised FE. The results revealed that 98.0, 79.2 and 65.8% were settable, fertile and hatchable, respectively. At 18 weeks of age, seventy two (72) adult females FE were housed singly in battery cages and evaluated for egg production from sexual maturity to 52 weeks in lay. The results showed that age at sexual maturity, body weight at first egg, total egg number and egg weight were 26 weeks, 1437g 128 and 44.11g, respectively. Clutch size ranged from 3-9, pause length ranged from 7-10days. Percentage hen housed production (HHP) was 53.10% while the percentage hen day production (HDP) was 57.6%. Age had significant (P<0.05) effect on some of the egg quality traits measured at 15, 30, 45 and 52 weeks in lay. Haugh Unit, Yolk Index, and Shell Thickness of FE eggs were above 80, 60 and 0.50, respectively. This study indicates the reproductive potentials of FE chicken that could be useful in developing an indigenous chicken with desirable egg production traits.
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    Evaluation of the Nutritional Composition and Phytochemical screening of an Exotic and Wild Species of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus-sajor caju)
    (Nigerian Journal of Agriculture Food and Environment, Published by Faculty of Agriculture, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria., 2013) Kayode, R.M.O.; Olakulehin, T.F.; Annongu, A.A.; Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Oyeyinka, S.A.; Kayode, B.I.
    Mushroom is use in the preparation of several delicacies in many part of Nigeria, There is dearths of information on the nutritional qualities of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor caju) cultivated on gmelina wood waste. Hence, this study is designed to ascertain the nutritional composition and phytochemical properties of indigenous wild species of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor caju) and the exotic species that is commercially grown on gmelina wood waste at the Forestry Research Institute in Ibadan, Nigeria. The samples were obtained and analysed for proximate, mineral and phytochemical properties on dry weight basis using standard methods. Results of Proximate analyses of the exotic and wild oyster mushroom samples were: moisture (7.00 and 7.15%), protein (19.30 and 25.24%), crude fat (7.24 and 6.65%), crude fibre (7.47 and 7.05%), total ash (7.13 and 8.25%) and carbohydrate by difference (51.86 and 45.66%) respectively. Qualitative analysis of both samples showed the presence of the following phytochemicals: alkaloid, saponin, tannin, cardiac glycosides and flavonoid. The quantitative analysis of the phytochemical properties of the exotic specie’s showed saponin (4.05%), flavonoid (0.06%) tannin (0.27%) cardiac glycosides (0.63%) and alkaloid (10.05%); while, the wild specie showed saponin (3.03%), flavonoid (0.09%), tannin (0.30%) cardiac glycosides (1.45%) and alkaloid (9.64%). Alkaloid seems to be the most predominant phytochemical in the two mushroom species. The values obtained for the predominant minerals content of the exotic sample were: potassium (mg/100g), magnesium (154.75mg/100g), calcium (142.79 mg/100g) and iron (116.90mg/100g); Most of the values were lower compared with the values of the wild counterpart as follow: potassium (665.89mg/100g), magnesium (162.93mg/100g), calcium (147.23mg/100g) and iron (125.61mg/100g). The other minerals for the exotic species ranged from 68.75mg/100g (manganese) to 0.22mg/100g (molybdenum) while, the wild specie ranged from 72.79mg/100g (manganese) to 0.16mg/100g (molybdenum). This study concluded that oyster mushroom grown on gmelina wood waste favourably compared with the wild counterpart and has potential for use as acceptable human food
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    THE FULANI ECOTYPE CHICKEN: GROWTII AND FEED UTILIZATION POTENTIALs
    (World Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2009) Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Ayorinde, K.L.
    One hundred and eighty three (183) Fulani Ecotype Chicken (mixed sexes) were used to study the growth potential of this Chicken Ecotype. Data were generated through measurements of body parts and body weight from 0-20 weeks of age. The mean values obtained for Body Weight (BW) ranged from 30.45 1.24 to 1049.15 189. The bi weekly rate of increase in body weight from 0 to 20 weeks were 31.63. 79.21. 112.47,126.66. 84.89, 96.72, 94.61, 142.46, 170.85 and 121.99 while the growth rate constant (%) for body weight were 98.89, 57.55, 35.80. 19.38. 17.99, from 0-4. 5-8, 9-12, 13-16, and 17-20 weeks of age respectively. There was rapid development in FEC body weight from 0-8 weeks of age and they maximized their body weight gain from 14 - 18 weeks of age. 663.98 45+ 122.20 to 997.29.45+ 187.16. They have better growth efficiency (0.51) between 13 and 16 weeks of age, the feed conversion ratio were 1.12. 1.17. 1.63, 1.77 and 2.24 while the feed efficiency were 0.64. 0.52. 0.50, 0.46 and 0.32 at week 0-4, 5-8, 9-12, 13-16 and 17-20 weeks respectively. The FEC can be selected for an improved body weight at ages below twenty week.
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    Genetic diversity and population structure of muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) from Nigeria
    (Peer J Journals (Live and Environment)., 2022) Adeola, A.C.; Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Opeyemi, Y.A.; Oguntunji, A.O.; Nneji, L.M.; Ewuola, M.K.; Bello, S.F.; Olaniyi, W.A.; Adesoji, A.T.; Karuno, A.P.; Sanke, O.J.; Daniel, E.L.
    The domestic Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) provide unique genetic resources patterned by both tropical environmental conditions and human activities, the evaluation of their genetic diversity and population structure will shade light on the mechanism of their remarkable adaptive capacities. We therefore analyzed the variation in mtDNA cytochrome b and nuclear DNA CYP2U1 sequences of 378 Nigerian Muscovy ducks (comprising of 287 de novo and 91 downloaded) plus 80 published sequences of Muscovy ducks from India. The results showed high haplotype diversity (0.800 ± 0.023) among Nigerian Muscovy duck populations with 91 distinct haplotypes for the nuclear DNA CYP2U1 gene but low (0.266 ± 0.033) for cytochrome b with 31 haplotypes. The median-joining networks of both markers grouped Nigerian Muscovy ducks into two; the first group consisting of only Nigerian Muscovy duck populations, and the second group Nigerian with Indian populations. Neutrality test results indicated that Nigerian populations experienced recent population expansion and/or genetic hitchhiking. A geographic signal was absent in line with previously studied poultry species in Nigeria. The most prominent haplotype dominated across all regions in Nigeria, which may be due to extensive genetic intermixing except for the Indian population (FST = 0.02550, P = 0.01075). This indicated low genetic differentiation between and within Nigerian Muscovy duck as revealed by the suitability of the nuclear DNA CYP2U1 gene.
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    Genetic diversity and relationship of Nigerian Muscovy duck populations
    (Korean Society of Animal Breeding and Genomics., 2021) Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Adeniyi, C.A.; Lameck, A.O.; Yusuff, O.A.; Momoh, E.O.; Adekoya, A.R.; Adedibu, I.I.
    Muscovy duck (Caraina Moschata) is an economically important species due its unique meat taste and low-caloric content. It is one of the domestic poultry species in Nigeria as it ensures food security to the rural sectors. Rearing of Muscovy is concentrated in some part of the country due to its peculiar nature as water loving poultry species and peoples belief. In this study, we analyzed the genetic diversity and relationship of Muscovy duck populations collected from 15 different locations where Muscovy duck lovers resides in four states (Kaduna, Kwara, Niger and Oyo) of Nigeria based on Nuclear DNA Cytochrome P450 Family 2 Subfamily U Member 1 (CYP2U1) gene. A total of 48 polymorphic sites consisting of substitutions with 33 singletons variables was observed. The 82 sequences were assigned into 32 distinct haplotypes. Haplotype diversity was 0.7925. The Phylogenetic analysis showed close clustering across all locations with the exception of BART 495, PAT 35 and KEY 764 individuals. The maternal genetic structure likely suggests the extensive genetic intermixing within the country. In addition, the differentiation of BART 495, PAT 35 and KEY 764 may be due to a certain demographic history and/or artificial selection that shaped its haplotype profile. The current data on Nigerian Muscovy duck genetic diversity based on nuclear DNA CYP2U1 gene do not permit us to make further conclusions; therefore, more research evidence from genetics and archaeology is still required.
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    HERITABILITY ESTIMATES FOR BODY WEIGHT IN PUREAND CROSSBRED NIGERIAN GOATS
    (National Animal Production Research Institute, Ahmadu Bello University., 2015) Yusuff, A.T.; Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Ojo, V.; Alli, O.I.; Fayeye, T.R.
    Forty does and eight bucks of West African Dwarf (WAD) and Red Sokoto goats were mated to produce pure and reciprocal crossbreds (WADxRSG, RSGxWAD) kids whose records were used to estimate heritability of body weight at birth, weaning and yearling stages. Heritability was estimated using variance components due to sire, dam and combine sire-dam effect. Crossbred WADxRSG was not significantly different (p>0.05) in birth weight from the purebred WAD (1.81 vs. 1.75 kg). Significantly (p<0.05) positive effect of crossbreeding was observed in the yearling weights of crossbreds. Estimates of heritability for weaning weight obtained for the purebreds (WAD and RSG) and WADxSRG cross were generally high (over 60%). Dams’ component heritability estimates were generally low (0.02 – 0.27) in RSGxWAD cross. Birth weight heritability estimates were low in pure WAD. Heritability estimates of yearling weight ranged from medium to high levels for all the methods of estimation except the dams’ components of the crossbreds. The results obtained in this study suggests that heritability estimates of body at different stages of growth is largely influenced by breeding group but sire components heritability should be given higher preference for genetic improvement of yearling weight of WAD and SRG.
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