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HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE AND HEALTHCARE UTILIZATION IN NIGERIA
(2024) Oyerinola, David Sunday
Health infrastructure remains a critical determinant of healthcare utilization in sub-Saharan Africa, yet Nigeria continues to face significant infrastructural deficiencies that limit access to quality healthcare services. This study investigates the effect of health infrastructure on healthcare utilization in Nigeria, focusing on facility availability, health workforce density, and adequacy of medical equipment. A mixed-methods approach was adopted using secondary data from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS 2018), National Health Management Information System (NHMIS), and World Health Organization (WHO) databases, analyzed through descriptive statistics, multiple regression, binary logistic regression, and GIS mapping across the six geopolitical zones. The findings reveal that number of health facilities per population, skilled health worker density, and availability of diagnostic equipment significantly and positively influence healthcare utilization. Regional disparities were evident, with the SouthWest recording the highest utilization due to better infrastructure, while the North-East and NorthWest exhibited the lowest levels, reflecting severe infrastructural gaps. Proximity to healthcare facilities and adequate drug supply significantly enhanced the likelihood of healthcare use. The logistic regression model demonstrated that the presence ofskilled health workers tripled the odds of facility-based delivery (OR = 3.12, 95% CI: 2.46-3.95), while adequate infrastructure perception nearly tripled them (OR = 2.87). The study concludes that strengthening health infrastructure is essential for improving healthcare utilization and reducing regional inequalities in Nigeria.
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IMPACT OF LIFE EXPECTANCY ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA (1980-2012)
(FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2015) Sanda, U.A.; Oyerinola, D.S.
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DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA AND SOUTH ASIA
(DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS, UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2019) Oyerinola, D.S.
This chapter investigates the impact ofHIV/AIDS burden on SSA's economic growth using a macroeconomic model for 39 countries for the period 1990-2015. Economic growth, proxied by growth rate of the GDP, is the dependent variable while the explanatory variables are population growth, human capital, health expenditure, HIV burden and investment. The chapter employed three regression models - the pooled OLS, Fixed and Random Effects, but the randoт effect model is the preferred model. The model shows that both investment and population growth have a positive and significant impact on economic growth at the 10 per cent level of significance. In contrast, HIV burden has a negative but insignificant impact on economic growth. Public health expenditure has a negative and significant impact on economic growth. The chapter therefore, recommends that the respective governments of the studied areas should improve the quality of public health expenditure and continue with the programme of curbing HIV and improving its management
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Experimental Determination of Path Loss Exponent For GSM 900 and 1800 Bands in Ilorin Metropolis
(ABACUS, 2016-09-10) Ayeni Adeseko A., Onidare Samuel O., Quadri Adebowale R. and Adeniran Temitayo C.
The path loss exponent of an environment describes the propagation behaviour of the environment. This paper determines the path loss exponent of the GSM 900 MHz and 1800 MHz bands in Ilorin, Kwara state of Nigeria. A comprehensive signal strength measurement campaign, using an Agilent spectrum analyzer, was carried out in 12 different routes representing, virtually, the entire metropolis of Ilorin. In computing the path loss exponent, a different approach from the more frequently used linear regression approach, was used. The experimental data reveal a lot of findings, chief amongst which is the strong influence of the terrain profile on the path loss of the environment. Consequently, the path loss exponent obtained, especially for the GSM 900, is lower than the expected value as reported in the literatures.
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SHORT-RUN DYNAMICS BETWEEN UNEMPLOYMENT AND CRIME: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA USING VAR
(FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, USMANU DANFODIYO UNIVERSITY, SOKOTO, 2015) Oyerinola D.S; Ayeni R.K; Ibrahim M.O
This study is designed to investigate the relationship between unemployment, internal security and various categories of crime such as total crime, minor crime, minor offence and serious crime in Nigeria. The study covers the period of 1970-2010. The stationary properties of the time series data are examined by using Philip Peron test. Pair-wise Granger Cauşality tests are applied to find out short-run dynamic relationship among the variables using the vector autoregressive model (VAR).The findings of the diagnostic tests provide evidence of the existence of short-run dynamic relätionship among unemployment and total crime cum 'subcategories of crime in Nigeria. The causality, results show that unemployment rate and minor crime rate do granger cause internal security and there is unidirectional causality between them. The paper suggesied amongst others that policy makers should address adequately the problem of unemployment by creating and expanding job facilities, equipping andfortifying crime preventing agencies and the direction of the resources of the country to productive sectors of the economy