THESES & DISSERTATIONS

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A CROSS-ETHNIC STUDY OF STRESS LEVELS, SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND ADJUSTMENT STRATEGIES AMONG WIDOWS IN NIGERIA
(DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING, FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2000) ONIYE, OLAYINKA ABDULRASAQ
EFFECT OF GRADED LEVELS OF WATER LEAF (Talinum triangulare) EXTRACT ON OXDATIVE STABILITY OF BROILER MEAT
(University of Ilorin, 2013) ZUBAIR, JAMIU IBRAHIM
Antioxidant effect of graded levels of Talinum triangulare (Waterleaf) extract on cooked and raw broiler meat was evaluated and compared with Butylated Hydroxyl Anisole (BHA), a synthetic antioxidant, using the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay. The minced broiler meat was weighed into five samples of 700g each. The treatments consist of a control without additive; waterleaf extract was separately added at a rate of 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% of the weight of the minced meat, while BHA was added at a rate of 0.01%. Each sample was divided into 56 parts of 12.5g each. Twenty eight of these were cooked in microwave oven over 1minute, 30 seconds, while the other twenty eight samples were left raw. Both cooked and raw samples were stored in a refrigerator for 14days at a temperature of 4°c.Oxidative stability of the cooked and raw samples was monitored at 2-day intervals. The result shows that no levels of waterleaf extract were able to reduce lipid oxidation in both raw and cooked meat samples. This was shown by their higher TBARS values which were significantly different. BHA was able to reduce lipid oxidation in both cooked and raw meat samples. However, its antioxidant potency was well expressed in raw meat samples. Talinum triangulare (waterleaf) extract should not be considered as 12 the possible source of natural antioxidant in the prevention of broiler meat against lipid oxidation under refrigeration storage.
HYBRID PLAN DESIGNED AS POSSIBLE PENSION PLAN FOR NIGERIA
(UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2016-09) AKALONU, RAPHAEL ONYECHEFULE
The history of pensionschemes in Nigeria started with the 1951 Pensions Ordinance. In 1979, the then Military Government established a Defined Benefit Scheme (Old) for civil servants. The scheme failed to meet its objective due to maladministration and lack of funding, resulting in non¬payment of benefits to workers on retirement. Consequently, the government established the Pension Reform Act 2004 (current), a Defined Contribution (DC) plan, aimed at remedying the shortcomings of the old one. Shortly, complaints adorned the media that the 15 percent contribution of the current plan was not enough to provide meaningful benefit after 35 years of service.The main objective of this Study is to design Hybrid Plan as possible Pension Plan for Nigeria. Specifically, the Study focused on: (i) to compare the monetary benefits between the old and the current pension schemes; (ii) to compare the adequacy of the current scheme with those of eight other developed and developing countries’ pension schemes selected from five continents; (iii) to determine effects of the Pension Risk Factors (Mortality and Interest Rate Volatility); and (iv) to design three new pension plans. The population for the study was Nigerian employees grouped into seven by Nigeria’s National Salaries, Incomes and Wages Commission (NSIWC) as at July 2010. Four groups were randomly selected for the study. Replacement Ratio data for the eight countries whose pension plans were to be compared with that of Nigeria were obtained from 2012 publications of International Monetary Fund and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. The schedule for calculating pension benefits under the old scheme was obtained. Such schedule does not exist for the current scheme. Actuarial method for estimating such benefits was used. The pension benefits of the two pension schemes were then compared. Replacement Ratio was calculated for the current scheme to compare its adequacy with those of the eight countries whose Pension Replacement Ratios had been obtained. Assumed simulated interest rates, salary incremental and annuity values were used and combined with mortality functions. The results showed that: (i) the ratio of gratuity paid by the old and current schemes was 3.5 to 1, while that of pension benefits was 2.3 to 1, implying that the old scheme paid at least twice as the current; (ii) the eight other countries had adopted the World Bank's (1994) three-pillar pension models in their respective reforms while Nigeria has the mandatory Defined Contribution plan for workers and no social security or voluntary plan for either formal or informal sectors; (iii) increase in interest rate increased the amount available for purchase of annuity while decrease in mortality rate improved life expectancy and hence annuity rate resulting in decrease in amount of pension receivable; (iv) three pension plans, namely, Minimum Guaranteed Money Purchase Plan, Cash Balance Plan and Hybrid Plan were designed for the formal sector and a Mandatory Collective Personal Plan was also proposed for the informal sector. The study concluded that the Hybrid Plan had higher replacement ratio, even at 20% volatility, than others. It was therefore recommended that the Hybrid Plan with higher replacement ratio be adopted by Nigerian Government for its workers.
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING MISSION IN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO 1999-2010
(University of Ilorin, 2017) AYODELE, Bonnie Oluyemi
The protracted armed conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) remains a major concern to the global community based on its high level of destruction. This had necessitated the establishment of the first mission called the United Nations Operation in Congo in 1960. The failure of the mission in resolving the conflict led to the establishment of the second mission tagged the United Nations Mission in Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) in 1999. Therefore, the study assessed the performance of MONUC in relation to its mandate of resolving the ever-present crisis in DRC. The main objective is to assess the impact of MONUC on the peace process in DRC. The specific objectives are to: (i) identify the political dynamics of the peace process (ii) assess the roles of civil society organisations in the peace process (iii) examine the challenges of the mission in relation to its overall mandate (iv) draw lessons from the mission for future UN’s peacekeeping missions in Africa. The study adopted the realist theoretical framework, and employed qualitative research methodology. Both primary and secondary data were collected for the study. Primary data were collected through interviews using interpreter in some occasions. Secondary data such as journal articles, reports and books were used to complement the primary data. Using purposive sampling method, sixty-five key informants were interviewed. These included one past UN Secretary General, eighteen UN officials who were involved in peacekeeping operation in DRC, ten diplomats representing countries that initially participated in the conflict such as Rwanda, Uganda and Zimbabwe; ten civil society organisations engaging in peace-building in DRC; ten African Union representatives that participated in the peace process; fourteen armed militia members (male and female) from DRC and twelve journalists, who reported on the conflict in DRC. The analysis was done descriptively. The findings of the study revealed that: i) The political dynamics of the peace process was complicated by the interest of internal and external interested actors who found the resources in DRC attractive for easy exploitation. ii) The lack of robust support from civil society organisations led to an increase in the number of active militias from about 12 to 24 groups within the study period. Consequently, the overall success of the mission was minimal due to suspicions among the local populace and lack of robust support for the UN mission. iii) The mandate of MONUC was relatively underachieved, however, the mission conducted a post-war election but was unable to reduce civilian deaths and prevent further humanitarian crisis. The study concluded that for durable peace to be achieved in the DRC, it recommended that there must be an inclusive political engagement with all actors in the conflict. Establish effective post-conflict natural resources management in the DRC. In addition, the support of the civil society in the DRC is very crucial in earning the trust of the local populace. To reduce civilian death and arrest humanitarian crisis, it is recommended that the mission should formulate a strategic peace-building architecture toward demobilisation and reintegration of ex-combatants/militia
GRIEF REACTIONS, COPING STRATEGIES AND COUNSELLING NEEDS OF NIGERIAN IN-SCHOOL ADOLESCENTS FACED WITH PARENTAL LOSS
(University of Ilorin, 2017) AJOKPANIOVO, Michael
Parents play a decisive role in children’s academic and social development. The demise of the parent has a huge emotional impact on a child. This study investigated grief reactions, coping strategies and counselling needs of in-school adolescents faced with parental loss in Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to find out: (i) the grief reactions; (ii) coping strategies adopted; (iii) counselling needs of adolescents faced with parental loss; and (iv) if significant differences existed based on gender, religion, geo-political zone and adolescent’s age at parental loss. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population for this study comprised all inschool adolescents faced with parental loss in Nigeria. Simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select 432 in-school adolescents. A researcher-developed instrument entitled Questionnaire on Grief Reactions, Coping Strategies and Counselling Needs of Nigerian inschool Adolescents faced with Parental Loss was used for data collection. Means and inferential statistics were used to analyse the collected data. Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was applied as a post-hoc measure to locate where the differences exist in the tested hypotheses. The findings of the study were that: (i) the grief reactions of in-school adolescents faced with parental loss is high and these reactions include having mood swing (𝑋 ̅ =3.71), depression (𝑋 ̅=3.62) and nervousness/anxiety (𝑋 ̅=3.43); (ii) some coping strategies adopted by the students include listening to inspirational music (𝑋 ̅=2.77), listening to motivational talks from religious leaders (𝑋 ̅=2.65) and reading scriptural passages to relieve tensions or anxiety(𝑋 ̅ =2.63); (iii) counselling are more needed in the areas of educational concerns (𝑋 ̅=2.81), emotional concerns (𝑋 ̅ =2.62) and personal concerns (𝑋 ̅=2.60); (iv) there were significant differences were found in the grief reactions of in-school adolescents faced with parental loss t = 3.30, p<0.05; coping strategies adopted t = 5.22, p<0.05 and counselling needs t = 3.83, p<0.05 based on gender; (v) no significant difference was found in the grief reactions of in-school adolescents faced with parental loss. Significant differences were found in the coping strategies adopted (F(2, 429) = 19.27; p<0.05) and counselling needs (F2, 429) = 17.45; p<0.05) based on religion; (vi) no significant difference was found in the grief reactions, coping strategies adopted and counselling needs of Nigerian in-school adolescents faced with parental loss based on zone; and (vii) on the basis of age at parental loss, significant differences were found in the grief reactions of in-school adolescents faced with parental loss t = 4.46, p<0.05; coping strategies adopted t = 3.46, p<0.05. This study concluded that adolescents faced with parental loss need counselling more in the areas of educational and emotional concerns. The implication of the study is that there were insufficient enlightenment programmes and sensitisation on the reality of death in secondary schools. The study therefore recommended that counsellors should include in their enlightenment programmes to the students, the reality of death as well as how to get the right support when faced with parental loss. Word
CORPORATE FINANCIAL DISTRESS PREDICTION AND TURNAROUND STRATEGIES IN NIGERIA’S OIL AND GAS SECTOR
(University of Ilorin, 2017) OMOLEKAN, Olushola Joshua
A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF OLUSEGUN OBASANJO’S MEMOIR
(2017) AJALA, Adeola Toyosi
EFFECTIVENESS OF RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR AND REALITY THERAPIES IN REDUCING AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOURS OF HEARING-IMPAIRED STUDENTS IN ILORIN, NIGERIA
(University of Ilorin, 2017) OGUNGBADE, Oyelakin Kunmi
Findings from previous studies and the gap left behind showed that the issue of aggressive behaviours among students with hearing impairment has created serious concerns for parents, school authorities and the society at large. The attitudes of such students impact negatively on their academic performance, interpersonal relationships and general social wellbeing. This study therefore investigated the effectiveness of Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) and Reality Therapy (RT) in reducing aggressive behaviours of students with hearing impairment in Ilorin, Nigeria. The objectives of this study were to determine: (i) the aggressive behaviours index of participants before and after experimental packages; (ii) which of REBT, RT and control groups is effective in reducing aggressive behaviours of participants; (iii) which of REBT and RT is more effective and (iv) the influence of moderating variables of gender and age on the effectiveness of REBT and RT. The study is a quasi-experimental research design adopting pre-test, post-test and control group. There were two treatment groups (REBT & RT) and a control group. A total of 84 students were selected using purposive, stratified and proportional sampling techniques from Kwara State School for Special Needs, Ilorin using an Aggressive Behaviour Scale (ABS) developed by Orpinas and Frankowski (2001). The aggressive behaviours benchmarks are boys 19.3; girls 13.2. The validity of the test was established through the use of construct validity. The internal consistency of ABS was ascertained having Cronbach’s alpha of 0.88. Aggressive Programme Evaluation Questionnaire (APEQ) (2008) was adopted and used to ascertain the effectiveness of the experimental packages. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyse hypotheses 1, 5 - 10, t-test was used for hypotheses 2, 3, 4 and Scheffe Multiple Comparison Test was used for post-hoc analysis at 0.05 alpha level. Findings of the study were that: i. the aggressive behaviours index of participants before and after experimental packages were REBT 31.68, 4.93; RT 38.63, 3.00; and control 35.14, 40.66, respectively; ii. there is a significant higher reduction in the aggressive behaviours of participants exposed to treatments (REBT & RT) than those in the control group (F 865.06 p < 0.05) in favour of those in the treatment groups; iii. RT treatment package was found to be more effective when compared to REBT (t 54= 3.80, p < 0.05); and iv. gender and age had no influence on the effectiveness of REBT and RT treatments (F 0.39 p > 0.05; F 1.07 p > 0.05, respectively). The study concluded that although both REBT and RT were effective in reducing aggressive behaviours of students with hearing impairment, RT was more effective while gender and age had no influence on the effectiveness of the treatments. The implication of the findings is that students with hearing impairment could be assisted by reducing their aggressive behaviours. The study recommended that Counsellors should adopt RT and REBT in reducing cases of aggressive behaviours because using their principles would inculcate anti-aggressive behaviours in the minds of students with hearing impairment and thus improving interpersonal relationship.
THE LEGAL RIGHTS OF SURGICAL PATIENTS ON THE DUTIES AND LIABILITIES OF SURGEONS IN NIGERIA
(University of Ilorin, 2017) OFOEGBU, Helen Ihunna
The medical profession is one of the most sensitive careers because it deals with the survival of human beings. However, the medical experts, while discharging their duties are occasionally negligent in strict adherence to the established Professional Code of Conduct. In Nigeria, there exists a myriad of delinquencies in which the medical personnel involved go scot free because of legally perceived obstacles in enforcing such rights. Therefore, the objectives were to: (i) examine the adequacy of the legal framework on the liabilities of professional surgeons; (ii) analyse the legal implications of the breach of duty in the surgical profession; (iii) examine judicial attitude to the rights of a patient in surgical negligence; and (iv) measure the performance of surgeons in the discharge of their professional and legal obligations. The study employed qualitative and quantitative methodology of legal research. For the qualitative aspect, doctrinal and non-doctrinal methods were used for the analysis. The doctrinal method placed reliance on both primary and secondary sources of law. The nondoctrinal involved interviews carried out on stakeholders. Seventy stakeholders (20 surgeons, 30 surgical patients and 20 surgical nurses) were interviewed in University College Hospital, Ibadan, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, National Hospital, Abuja and Abia State Teaching Hospital, Aba. These hospitals were chosen because of high calibre of surgeons and the number of surgeries being carried out each day. The quantitative aspect involved a field work, where copies of questionnaires were distributed to the respondents to ascertain the degree of negligence and assess the performance of surgeons in the discharge of their professional and legal obligations. Copies of 870 questionnaires were administered in the four hospitals, 800 were returned while 580 were found usable. Descriptive statistics tool was used to analyse the quantitative aspect of this work. The findings of the study were that: i. There was no adequate enabling laws to regulate medical practices in Nigeria especially in relation to surgeons’ negligence; ii. Medical negligence is the legal consequence of the breach of duty in medical profession, yet, this requires proof of certain elements which are usually difficult for patients; iii. The judicial attitude has made access to justice to patients more tasking with stringent rules thereby leading to numerous cases being dismissed on grounds of technicalities and victims are left with no remedy whatsoever; and iv. Surgeons are doing fairly well in the performance of their duties though there are rooms for improvement as 75.0% of patients revealed that the operation was properly carried out whereas 25.0% said their operations were not properly carried out. The surgeons responded that 59.5% of all the surgeries performed by them were successful. The study concluded that inadequate legal framework on medical practice is inimical to the protection of patient’s rights pertaining to cases of surgical negligence and performance of the duties of surgeons. The study therefore recommended that the existing laws be amended in terms of punishment for surgical negligence and general regulation of medical practice in Nigeria.
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING MISSION IN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO 1999-2010
(Department of Political Science, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ilorin in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science., 2017) AYODELE, Bonnie Oluyemi
The protracted armed conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) remains a major concern to the global community based on its high level of destruction. This had necessitated the establishment of the first mission called the United Nations Operation in Congo in 1960. The failure of the mission in resolving the conflict led to the establishment of the second mission tagged the United Nations Mission in Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) in 1999. Therefore, the study assessed the performance of MONUC in relation to its mandate of resolving the ever-present crisis in DRC. The main objective is to assess the impact of MONUC on the peace process in DRC. The specific objectives are to: (i) identify the political dynamics of the peace process (ii) assess the roles of civil society organisations in the peace process (iii) examine the challenges of the mission in relation to its overall mandate (iv) draw lessons from the mission for future UN’s peacekeeping missions in Africa. The study adopted the realist theoretical framework, and employed qualitative research methodology. Both primary and secondary data were collected for the study. Primary data were collected through interviews using interpreter in some occasions. Secondary data such as journal articles, reports and books were used to complement the primary data. Using purposive sampling method, sixty-five key informants were interviewed. These included one past UN Secretary General, eighteen UN officials who were involved in peacekeeping operation in DRC, ten diplomats representing countries that initially participated in the conflict such as Rwanda, Uganda and Zimbabwe; ten civil society organisations engaging in peace-building in DRC; ten African Union representatives that participated in the peace process; fourteen armed militia members (male and female) from DRC and twelve journalists, who reported on the conflict in DRC. The analysis was done descriptively. The findings of the study revealed that: i) The political dynamics of the peace process was complicated by the interest of internal and external interested actors who found the resources in DRC attractive for easy exploitation. ii) The lack of robust support from civil society organisations led to an increase in the number of active militias from about 12 to 24 groups within the study period. Consequently, the overall success of the mission was minimal due to suspicions among the local populace and lack of robust support for the UN mission. iii) The mandate of MONUC was relatively underachieved, however, the mission conducted a post-war election but was unable to reduce civilian deaths and prevent further humanitarian crisis. The study concluded that for durable peace to be achieved in the DRC, it recommended that there must be an inclusive political engagement with all actors in the conflict. Establish effective post-conflict natural resources management in the DRC. In addition, the support of the civil society in the DRC is very crucial in earning the trust of the local populace. To reduce civilian death and arrest humanitarian crisis, it is recommended that the mission should formulate a strategic peace-building architecture toward demobilisation and reintegration of ex-combatants/militia
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR IN FORMAL AND INFORMAL RETAIL OUTLETS IN SOUTH-WEST NIGERIA
(University of Ilorin, 2017) OLODO, HAMEEDAT BUKOLA
Understanding the buying behaviour of consumers has been difficult for owners of retail outlets; it is therefore a subject of debate in existing literature because of its unpredictable nature. This study undertook a comparative analysis of factors influencing consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlet in South-west, Nigeria. The objectives were to: (i) examine the differences in the effect of cultural factors on consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlets; (ii) determine the different effects of social factors on consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlets; (iii) investigate the differences in the effect of demographic factors on consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlets; and (iv) examine the differences in the impact of psychological factors on the consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlets in South-west, Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design. The study population is infinite. Stratified sampling technique was employed. A sample of 580 consumer respondents was selected based on Godden model sample size determination formular for infinite population. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaire and analysed using ordered logistic regression and t-test of mean difference at 5% level of significance. The findings of the study were that: i. cultural factors have positive and significant effect on consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlets with wald of 66.02 and 28.28; with p<0.01 and p<0.01 respectively and the t-test calculated 10.9027 and tabulated 1.644854 show that there is significant difference in cultural factors in both retail outlets; ii. social factors have significant effect on consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlets with wald of 50.89 and 28.32; with p<0.01 and p<0.01 respectively and the t-test calculated 12.1258 and tabulated 1.644854 show that there is significant difference in social factors in both retail outlets; iii. demographic factors are significantly different in both formal and informal retail outlets with t-test calculated 12.2068 and tabulated 1.644854 and a positive significant effect on consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlets with wald of 41.22 and 22.90; with p<0.05 and p<0.01 respectively; and iv. psychological factors are significantly different in both formal and informal retail outlets with t-test calculated 12.4119 and tabulated 1.644854 and a positive significant effect on consumer buying behaviour in the formal and informal retail outlets with wald of 24.14 and 23.18; with p<0.01 and p<0.01 respectively. The study concluded that all the four factors influencing consumer buying behaviour have positive effects on consumer buying behaviour and they differ significantly in both formal and informal retail outlets. Therefore, the study recommended that retailers should include in their marketing plan, products that are favoured by cultural attributes and make available goods that are tailored towards individual social needs. Management should also take into cognizance the most important demographic and psychological factors as these create good impression in the minds of consumers and also influence their buying behaviour.
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION FOR OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING IN UNIVERSITIES IN SOUTH-WEST, NIGERIA
(UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2017) ABDULAZEEZ, Muhammad Adewuyi
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) facilities form the main framework upon which Open and Distance Learning (ODL) depend for its development as an alternative way of learning, mainly for Adult. Literature has revealed that the use and integration of ICT in distance education for teaching and research have been major obstacles that may have impeded proper and full accomplishment of the programme. This study therefore investigated ICT Utilization for ODL in Universities in South-west, Nigeria. The Objectives were to: (i) determine the availability of ICT facilities for ODL; (ii) determine the lecturers’ access to ICT facilities for ODL; (iii) examine the extent of lecturers’ utilization of ICT facilities; (iv) identify institutional ICT policies and strategies for ODL; (v) identify factors that facilitate lecturers’ ICT utilization; (vi) examine the influence of ICT accessibility on instructional delivery and research; (vii) identify factors hindering the utilization of ICT facilities for ODL; and (viii) determine whether differences exist in ICT utilization between dual mode and single mode universities The study adopted quantitative research design of survey type. The population of lecturers was 1,984, out of which a sample of 693 lecturers; (394 males and 299 females) was purposively selected from four dual mode and one single mode universities. Data were collected through the administration of validated researcher-designed questionnaire. Percentages and mean scores were used to answer the research questions, while Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the hypotheses Findings of the study were that: i. ICT facilities were available in ODL; (66.6% and mean of 1.33) ii. ICT facilities were accessible by lecturers; (58.3%, mean of 1.42) iii. ICT facilities were moderately utilized by lecturers; (57.4%, mean of 1.54) iv. ICT policies were adequately formulated by ODL managements; (65.8%, mean of 2.07) v. instructional delivery, research, online tutorial and counseling were factors that facilitated lecturers’ ICT utilization for ODL; (77.4%, mean of 1.96) vi. ICT accessibility highly influenced instructional delivery and research in ODL; (82.2%, mean of 1.76%) vii. Network problem, poor funding, poor electricity and insufficient skill were factors hindering the utilization of ICT facilities for ODL; (77.9%, mean of 1.87); and viii. there were significant differences between dual mode and single mode ODL on the availability of ICT; F (df 4,657) = 5.994, P= < 0.05); accessibility of ICT; F (df 4,657) = 20.063, P=< 0.05); utilization of ICT; F (df 4,657) = 21.087, P=< 0.05); institutional ICT policies and strategies; F (df 4,657) = 3.192, P= < 0.05). All significant at 0.05 significant level The study concluded that though, majority of ICT facilities were available and accessible; a gap still existed among ODL universities on the availability, accessibility, utilization, institutional policies and strategies of ICT facilities. The implication is that if ICT facilities are properly utilized, there is likely to be an improvement in the instructional delivery and research in Open and Distance Learning. It was therefore recommended that university management should increase their investment in ICT facilities so as to attain world class Open and Distance Education.
EFFECT OF CORPORATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED FOOD AND BEVERAGE FIRMS IN SOUTH -WEST NIGERIA
(University of Ilorin, 2017) ASABI, OLUDELE MATTHEW
Some firms have collapsed because of the complexity of the environment while others struggle for survival and eventually failed. The survival and continuity of business firms no longer depend solely on generic growth; hence, the need for other options for survival. This study examined the effect of corporate entrepreneurship on performance of selected food and beverages firms in South-west, Nigeria as an alternative option for survival. The objectives were to: (i) examine the effect of management support for corporate entrepreneurship on performance of selected food and beverage firms; (ii) examine the effect of the dimensions of corporate entrepreneurship on the performance of selected food and beverage firms; (iii) determine how corporate entrepreneurship orientations affect performance of selected food and beverage firms; and (iv) assess the influence of corporate entrepreneurship environment on performance of selected food and beverage firms in South-west, Nigeria. Survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised of twenty quoted companies as at 2014.A sample of six food and beverages firms with total staff strength of 10,543 were selected purposively on the basis of market value exceeding 150billion.. Corporate Entrepreneurship Assessment Instrument (CEAI) was adopted to obtain information from 371employees from the sampled firms. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to analyse the data. The findings of the study were that: i. management support for corporate entrepreneurship influenced performance of selected food and beverage firms in South-west, Nigeria with R-square = 0.664; β’s = 0.668; 0.191; -0.218; and 0.254 for employee innovation, employee proactive personality, employee autonomy, and internal locus of control respectively with p-value < 0.05. A unit increase in management support increased performance by 66.4%. Employee autonomy should be given a close attention. ii. corporate entrepreneurship dimensions have significant influence on performance of selected food and beverage firms in South-west, Nigeria with R = 0.744, R-square = 0.533; β’s = 0.160; 0.377; and 0 .283, p-value < 0.05 for Innovation, Proactiveness, and Strategic Renewal respectively; iii. corporate entrepreneurship orientations have significant effect on performance of selected food and beverage firms in South-west, Nigeria with R = 0.828, R-square = 0.683; β’s = 0.293;0.151; and 0 .139, p-value < 0.05 for Strategic Orientation, Growth Orientation and Resource Orientation respectively; and iv. there is significant influence of corporate entrepreneurship environment on performance of selected food and beverage firms in South-west, Nigeria with R = 0.716, R-square = 0.512; β’s = 0.216; 0.277 and 0.207, p-value ˃ 0.05 for Technological Opportunity, Environmental Complexity and demand for new product respectively. The study concluded that management support for corporate entrepreneurship, dimensions of corporate entrepreneurship, corporate entrepreneurship orientations and corporate entrepreneurship environment have significant effects on performance of selected food and beverage firms in Southwest, Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that, management should ensure support for employees’ innovation, internal locus of control and employees’ proactive personality of selected food and beverage firms.. Also, employees’ entrepreneurial orientations should be considered as appropriate construct to approach behavioural component of corporate entrepreneurship at the highest level of an organisation.
MOOD ANALYSIS OF SELECTED CASES OF STUDENT DISCIPLINARY INTERROGATIONS IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES
(University of Ilorin, 2017) DAHUNSI, Toyese Najeem
Student Investigative and Disciplinary Interrogations (SIDIs) are a global and constant social practice in higher educational institutions. In spite of their strategic roles in the maintenance of peace and order in the society, SIDIs have not been scholarly explored to understand the inherent language dynamics, structure and peculiarities in Nigeria. This study was aimed at conducting a structural analysis of the discourse of SIDIs with a view to identifying the syntactic patterns and determining how grammatical systems and structures were used to achieve different communicative purposes. The objectives of the study were to: (i) conduct a structural analysis of SIDIs to identify the various types of questions asked by interrogators; (ii) investigate the specific purposes that the identified question types served in the interrogations; (iii) examine interrogators’ preferences for the identified question types; (iv) verify whether the identified question types have inhibitive effect on interrogatees’ choices and lengths of answers; and (v) determine whether interrogatees were at any disadvantage occasioned by interrogators’ questions. The methodology was mainly descriptive and analytical. The data were transcripts of SIDIs from three public universities in Nigeria: The University of Ilorin, the Federal University of Technology, Akure, and, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko. Five SIDIs, each containing about 30 question-answer adjacency pairs (QAPs), were selected per university (a total of 15 cases, 450 question-answer adjacency pairs). Mood analysis, an aspect of the Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) was carried out for the questions and answers. The variation of the modal elements in each QAP led to the emergence of different clausal configurations and functions. Answers to the questions were further analysed into short and long types. The findings of the study were that: i. four question types were asked by interrogators in the discourses. These were yes/no interrogatives, declarative questions, Wh-interrogatives and moodless constructions. Interrogatees’ answers were predominantly declarative, an indication that interrogators’ role was information elicitation through questioning while interrogatees’ role was information provision through narratives; ii. different questions served different purposes in the discourses: yes/no interrogatives and declarative functions served propositional confirmation-refutation functions; some yes/no interrogatives served the purpose of subtle commands; Wh-interrogatives served information gap-filling purposes; while moodless constructions served discourse continuity purposes; iii. interrogators’ highest preference was for yes/no interrogatives across cases, followed by declarative questions. These were propositional confirmation-refutation questions, and were structurally restrictive; iv. structurally restrictive questions took more long answers than short answers, an indication that though the questions were restrictive in form, they were non-restrictive in function; and v. interrogatees were not found to be disadvantaged by interrogators’ questions because the restrictive force of most questions had no observable effect on interrogatees’ answers in most cases. The study concluded that the QAP is evidently the main language resource for eliciting evidence in SIDIs and that although interrogators’ questions in SIDIs were predominantly and structurally restrictive, they were functionally non-restrictive. The study thus recommended the QAP as a reliable device for information elicitation in SIDIs.
ALGEBRAIC AND COMBINATORIAL RESULTS OF ORDER-PRESERVING FULL CONTRACTION TRANSFORMATION SEMIGROUP
(UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2017-02) IBRAHIM-GARBA, Risqot
Let be a finite set, the semigroup of full contraction transformation and the subsemigroup of of all order-preserving full contraction transformation semigroup. Several works have been done on algebraic properties of semigroups and results were obtained among these are generating set, the structure of starred Green’s relations in , the local and global U-depth of singular self and strictly partial one-one mappings but the combinatorics properties of has not be considered. Therefore, this study focuses on combinatorics properties of using the classes of the starred Green’s relations and other algebraic properties such as the local U-depth, status of which as not be investigated were examined. The structure of Green’s relations of were also examined, which extended some results in the literature. The aim of this study is to develop the algebraic and combinatorics properties of order-preserving full contraction transformation semigroup and objectives are to: (i) determine the local and global U-depth of , where is the generating set; (ii) obtain the status of using the global U-depth; (iii) examine the number of , , and classes of height r ; (iv) determine the total number of , , and classes of ; (v) investigate the number of elements in each , , and classes within ; and (vi) characterize Green’s relations of . The following procedures were used to obtained the results of the study: the elements of the semigroup were arranged based on their height, within each height by their images sets and their kernel sets; from the table obtained triangular array and sequences were formed; the patterns of the arrangement were studied; formulas were deduced in each case through the combinatorial principles. The gap software were used to confirmed the total number of elements. Also, the minimum length of factorisation that gives were obtained from the known generating set, for all The findings of the study were: • for each the local U-depth of is equal to its defect and global U-depth is . ; • the status of satisfies the property ; • the number of , , and classes of height r are : , ; ; and respectively. • the total number of , , and classes in are: ; ; and respectively. • the number of elements in each , and within -class are: ; ; and respectively. • the equivalence classes of Green’s relations were also characterized based on their image set and kernel classes. In conclusion, some algebraic and combinatorics properties results of subsemigroup OCTn were obtained with relevant examples. This research work and its findings are expected to be beneficial in the areas such as: computational theory, automata theory and formal languages. It can assist in sorting data and designing better network and also, new in.
EFFECTS OF PERTURBATIONS IN THE CORIOLIS AND CENTRIFUGAL FORCES ON THE STABILITY OF GENERALIZED PHOTO-GRAVITATIONAL RESTRICTED THREE-BODY PROBLEM
(UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2017-02) JAIYEOLA, Sefinat Bola
The study of classical Restricted Three-body Problem (RTBP) and its generalizations have been of major interest to researchers over the years. This is due to the rise in the need for accuracy in determining astrometric positions which would help to reveal some peculiarities of components of motion and draw conclusions on the stability of space vehicles to be launched. This has led to the necessity of considering all possible physical properties (oblateness/triaxiality, radiation pressure, Poynting-Robertson (PR) drag, perturbing forces etc.) that affect the motion of particles in space. The effect of perturbations in the coriolis and centrifugal forces on the stability of the generalized photo-gravitational RTBP has been a major focus of investigations. However, the effect under the influence of the PR-drag from both oblate bodies has received little or no attention. Therefore, the aim of this research work was to investigate how perturbations in the coriolis and centrifugal forces affect the stability of the triangular libration points of the RTBP when the primaries were considered to be oblate, radiating with PR-drag effects. The objectives of this study were to: determine the effect of PR-drag on the stability of the libration of the generalized RTBP; investigate the effects of and on the stability of the generalized RTBP in the linear sense; establish the periodic orbit: period of oscillation, orientation and semi-axes of the proposed system; and verify the results obtained using astrophysical data for the Kruger 60 and RXJ0450, 1-5658 binary systems. The Hamiltonian and Lagrangian methods were employed to establish the relevant equations of motion, obtain the triangular libration points and investigate their stability using Murray’s and Routh Hurwitz’s criteria and verifying the results for the two binary systems using, MATLAB and Microsoft Excel Mathematical softwares. The findings from this study showed that the: • generalized system was unstable around the triangular libration points due to the presence of the PR-drag effect from both bodies; • presence of the parameter of the stabilizing factor, , in the roots of the characteristics equation does not change the instability of the system around the libration points; • period for the growth of the particle oscillation is dependent on the PR-drag parameter only, in the linear sense; • orientation and length of semi- axes are dependent on all the perturbing parameters; and • change in the values of and affects the values of the libration points and roots of the characteristics equations computed for the two binary but does not satisfy the criteria for stability. The study concluded that the system remained unstable even with the significant influence of perturbations due to the strong destabilizing effect of the PR-drag force. This work as a generalization of the classical case and the work of others, is therefore recommended to serve as a form of reference to achieving more interesting and vital results in Space Dynamics and also an added value to designers of space crafts and aerospace agencies.
OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF INLAND WATERWAYS TRANSPORT IN THE SOUTHWEST COASTAL BELT OF NIGERIA
(UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2017-03) OWOPUTI, Emmanuel Adetose
Nigeria has 853 kilometers of coastline, 450 kilometers inland waterways and a sovereign right to 200 nautical miles (370.4km) exclusive economic zone. In spite of these, water transport has a share of 1.6% of Nigeria’s domestic product; suggesting that this resource has not been effectively harnessed for development. This study examined the opportunities and challenges of waterway transportation in the coastal area of South Western Nigeria. The objectives were to: (i) evaluate the potential of the area for inland water transport development; (ii) examine the contribution of inland waterway transport to passenger and freight movement; (iii) identify the factors determining the impacts of inland waterway transportation on socio-economic development; and (iv) identify the problems of inland waterway transportation in the study area. Both primary and secondary data were used to elicit information on basin morphometry, capacity of jetties, inland water operations, contributions of inland waterway and on the challenges facing inland waterway transport in the study area. Purposive and systematic random sampling techniques were employed based on stakeholder theory. Two types of questionnaire were used consisting of 415 copies administered to eight relevant government agencies and 570 to residents in the southwest coastal area. The analytical tools employed were orthogonal factor analysis, multiple regression analysis and post-hoc analysis. The findings of the study were that:, i.Inland waterway has high potential in the study area. The results of basin morphometry analyses confirmed that the study area is highly riverine in nature (stream frequency = 1.58, drainage density = 1.10 km / km2, number of river basins = 48, total numbers of streams = 873); ii..waterway transportation is largely underutilized. The example from Lagos for which secondary data were available showed that in 2015, there were only 318 registered boats as against 298,319 road vehicles. An average of 2 million of the over 20 million Lagosians travel by water monthly. Most of the residents still depend on other modes of transportation; iii.. the factors determining the impacts of inland water way on socio-economic development vary among the three coastal states. In Lagos, they are: waterway underutilization, improvement in income, poor jetties facilities, improvement in education, provision of job opportunities and poor terminal infrastructure (R2 = 68.9%). In Ogun state, they include improvement in average income, relatively maintained terminal facilities, relatively functional port facilities, relative access to port facility and provision of employment (R2= 69.1%). In Ondo state they are: waterway underutilization, political interference, poor jetty infrastructure, improvement in income, and job opportunities (R2=78.9%); and iv..financial constraints, congestion at the jetties, insufficient jetty facility, and political influence were found to be the major challenges of port utilization . The study concluded that inland waterway have high potential for transportation, but it is largely underutilized. The study recommended the need to connect these jetties to other modes of transportation and the encouragement of private-public participation as a way of injecting the required capital for development in the coastal area of south west Nigeria.
HISTORICAL EFFECTS OF THE BUBONIC EPIDEMIC IN LAGOS: 1924-1959
(UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2017-04) FALEYE, OLUKAYODE ABIODUN
Studies on the history of disease occurrences, control and management within the humanities is a recent development. This thesis examined the history of Bubonic Plague in Lagos from the initial outbreak in 1924 up to 1959. The Bubonic Plague in Lagos between 1924 and 1959 accounted for a total of 1,947 cases with 1,813 deaths. This thesis examined the history of Bubonic Plague in Lagos from the initial outbreak in 1924 to 1959 when the pandemic was considered inactive by the World Health Organisation (WHO). While the peak of the virulence was marked in 1928 with 519 cases and 509 deaths, its lowest ebb was witnessed in 1931 with 5 cases and 5 deaths. Few existing studies on Bubonic Plague have focused on the geographical and biomedical dimension of the epidemic in Lagos thereby neglecting the humanistic socio-economic and cultural dynamics of the event. It is against this backdrop that this thesis examined the unprecedented historical landmarks created by colonial interventions and local responses to Bubonic Plague in Lagos. The objectives of this study were to: - (i.) examine the origin of transborder Bubonic Plague in Lagos; (ii.) historical pattern of transmission (iii.) evaluate colonial interventions and local responses, and (iv.) analyse the impact of the epidemic on the people of Lagos. A historical methodological approach and qualitative research design were adopted for the study, based on archival records, oral interviews, newspaper reports and the literature. The findings of this research were: (i.) Bubonic Plague was introduced to Lagos from the Gold Coast (Ghana) through transborder kola nut trade network in West Africa. The progression of the epidemic from Kumasi (Gold Coast) to Lagos (Nigeria) unveils a new pattern of disease process in the region brought about by globalization and European imperialism; (ii.) the rapid transmission and diffusion of Plague in Lagos was facilitated by colonial transportation and communication networks as well as animal reservoirs such as the black rats. Its endurance in the port city is due to the Eurocentric Urbanism that found expression in the segregation and social neglect of the native settlements; (iii.) colonial interventions included transborder disease surveillance and screening, quarantine measures, environmental sanitation, town planning and biomedical healthcare. On the other hand, local responses involved religious and ethno-medical diagnoses and treatment based on a widely accepted historically rooted alternative to colonial intervention and; (iv.) intercultural responses to plague led to the invention of a colonial epidemic landscape in policy and practice that was piloted by cultural preferences, economic and political concerns. Plague control in colonial Lagos brings to the fore, the impact of the fear of contagion on labour productivity, public expenditure, migration, trade, food security, built environment and social mobility. The study concluded that the history of Bubonic Plague unfolded the shortcoming within colonial administrative machinery the distinct socio-spatial nature of public health praxis in Lagos. The study recommended the same pragmatic approach adopted in combatting the Ebola scourge in Nigeria in any epidemic outbreak.
MODIFICATION TO SELECTION PROCEDURES IN PROBABILITY PROPORTIONAL TO SIZE SAMPLING WITHOUT REPLACEMENT
(UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2017-06) DAWODU, OMOTOLA OMOTAYO
Probability proportional to size sampling (or unequal probability sampling) is a probability sampling in which every unit in the population has different probabilities of being selected in the sample. It can be with or without replacement. Most sample selection procedures in probability proportional to size sampling without replacement (PPSSWOR) focus on selection of sample size two which is the challenge of this study. A procedure involves selection of the first unit with probability proportional to without replacement, then the second unit is selected with probability , where and are the non – zero known probability values assigned to each unit of the population at any specific draw for , and N is the total number of units. Another procedure involves selection of the first unit with probability proportional to without replacement, and then a random sample of size n-1 from the remaining N-1 units is selected , where α and β are integer constants. This study aimed at modifying the sample selection procedures in PPSSWOR described above to produce more efficient ones that can be used for any sample size. The specific objectives of this study were to: (i) obtain two modified sample selection procedures (I and II) in PPSSWOR for any sample size; (ii) derive the probability of inclusion of single unit π_i and the joint probability of inclusion of units π_ij in the sample for procedures I and II; and (iii) determine the most efficient sample selection procedure with minimum variance using both real life and simulated data. Modified Procedure I involves selection of the first unit with probability proportional to P_i/( 2-P_i )without replacement, and then, a random sample of size n-1 from the remaining N-1 units will be selected while the modified procedure II involves selection of the first unit with probability proportional to (P_i^α)/( 2-P_i^β ) without replacement, and then a random sample of size n-1 from the remaining N-1 units is selected. The optimum values of α and β would be determined through empirical studies. The findings were: (i). two modified sample selection procedures (I and II) in PPSSWOR were obtained. Both procedures can be used to select sample of any size for specified values of two constants ; (ii). the probabilities of inclusion of single unit, π_i, and the joint probability of inclusion of units π_ij in the sample in PPSSWOR for these modified procedures were derived; and (iii). using both real life and simulated data, modified procedure II was found to have minimum variance, hence, most efficient sample selection procedure for any sample size. This study concluded that when and , modified procedure II is better than the two existing procedures. It is therefore recommended for use in probability proportional to size sampling without replacement.
A Critical Linguistic Study of Nigerian Erotic Poems in Arabic
(UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2017-07) YUSUF, Mujitaba Bature

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