Browsing by Author "Sule, M.I."
Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Comparative study on the antimicrobial activity of partitioned fractions of the stem-bark of Ceiba pentandra (bombacaceae)(Nitte University, 2015) Njinga, N.S.; Sule, M.I.; Pateh, U.U.; Hassan, H.S.; Ache, R.N.; Abdullahi, S.T.; Danja, B.A.Due to the emergence of more and more drug resistance bacteria and the reported antibacterial activity of Ceiba pentandra, the antimicrobial activity of the partitioned ethyl-acetate and n-butanol fractions of the stem-bark of this plant were carried out on the following clinical isolates: Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pyrogenes; corynebacterium ulcereans; Escherichia coli; Salmonella typhi; Shigella dysenterea; Enterococcus aerogenes; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; klebsiella pneumonia and the fungi Trichophytom rubrum, Microsporum sp., Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger . Agar diffusion and broth delusion methods were used in this study. The ethyl acetate fraction showedwide spectrumantibacteria activity (with zones of inhibition between 27mmand 37mm)while the n-butanol extract showed activity only against the gram negative bacteria (zones of inhibition between 20mmand 21mm). The MIC ranged from0.65 to 2.5mg/ml and 2.5 to 5mg/ml andMBC ranged from2.5mg/ml and 5 – 10mg/ml for the ethylacetate and n-butanol respectively. Both fractions showed no activity against the fungi used in this study. The preliminary phytochemistry of the ethyl acetate showed the presence of only flavonoid and thismay explain the activity against all the bacteria. The n-butanol showed the presence of carbohydrates, saponins, tannins and cardiac glycoside and the absence of flavonoid and alkaloids. This study justifies the use of this plant in herbalmedicine.Item Isolation and Antimicrobial Activity of β-Sitosterol-3-OGlucoside from Lannea Kerstingii Engl. & K. Krause (Anacardiacea)(Nitte University, 2016) Njinga, N.S.; Sule, M.I.; Pateh, U.U.; Hassan, H.S.; Abdullahi, S.T.; Ache, R.N.The emergence of more and more drug resistance bacteria has led to the study of the antimicrobial activity of the compound isolated from Lannea kerstingii Engl. & K. Krause (Anacardiacea) since the active principles of many drugs found in plants are secondary metabolites.Acompoundwas isolated using dry vacuumliquid chromatography and elutingwith CHCl -EtOAc andmonitored using TLC. 3 1 13 The glycoside was characterized using H NMR and C NMR spectra recorded in DMSO-d6 at 400 MHz and 125 MHz, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the compoundwas determined using agar diffusionmethod. Theminimuminhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/minimum fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) was determined using broth dilution method. The compound isolatedwas found to be β-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside. The β-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside (200μg/ml)was active against S. aureus, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, P. mirabilis, S. typhi, K. pneumoniae, E. coli, B. subtilis with zone of inhibition ranging from 24mm to 34mmand inactive against P. aeroginosa and Proteus vulgaris. Itwas also active against the fungi C. albicans and C. tropicalis but inactive against C. krusei. The MIC ranged from25 to 50 μg/ml while the MBC/MFC ranged from50 to 200 μg/ml. These results show the wide spectrumantimicrobial activity of β-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside.Item Phytochemical and Antidiarrhea Activity of the Methanolic Extract of the Stem Bark of Lannea kerstingii Engl. and K. Krause (Anacardiaceae)(Scholars Research Library, 2013) Njinga, N.S.; Sule, M.I.; Pateh, U.U.; Hassan, H.S.; Usman, M.A.; Haruna, M.S.Lannea kerstingii Engl. and K. Krause is used in Nigeria and Northern Côte d’Ivoire for the management of diarrhea. Crude methanolic extract of stem bark of Lannea kerstingii was evaluated on isolated rabbit jejunum and castor oil-induced diarrhea model in rats. The methanolic extract of Lannea kerstingii (1, 10 and 100 mg/ml) produced a dose dependent transient contractile response followed by relaxation of isolated rabbit jejunum. In the castor oil-induced diarrhea model, 60.0% protections was produced by the extract. These results revealed that the methanolic extract of the stem bark of Lannea kerstingii (300 and 600 mg/Kg) have antidiarrhea activity. The effects on smooth muscle showed the usefulness of the Lannea kerstingii in the management of diarrhea. The effect of Lannea kerstingii was not as comparable to that of loperamide, a strong antidiarrhea drug, in castor oil induced diarrhea. This may partially explain the use in traditional medicine for the treatment of diarrhea. These results support their use in folk medicine.Item PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIDIARRHOEAL STUDIES OF THE STEM BARK OF CEIBA PENTANDRA (BOMBACACEAE)(Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, 2009-03) Sule, M.I.; Njinga, N.S.; Musa, A.M.; Magaji, M.G.; Abdullahi, A.Ceiba pentandra is a plant commonly used traditionally to treat ailments including diarrhea in Nigeria. The methanolic extract of the stem bark of Ceiba pentandra was studied for its phytochemical constituents and antidiarrhoeal activity using castor oil-induced diarrhea and intestinal transit time models in mice. The phytochemical studies of the methanolic extract revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, resins and carbohydrates. The extract showed significant (p< 0.05) protection against castor oil-induced diarrhea at (1000mg/kg) but no significant delay in intestinal transit time was observed. The median lethal dose (LD50) of the methanolic extract was found to be greater than 5000mg/kg which suggested that the extract was non toxic at the antidiarrhoeal dose of 1000mg/kg. The results indicate that the methanolic extract contains compounds with antidiarrhoeal activityItem Phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of the leaves of lannea kerstingii engl & k. Krause (anacadiaceae)(Nitte University, 2014) Njinga, N.S.; Sule, M.I.; Hassan, H.S.; Ahmad, M.M.; Abdullahi, S.T.; Danja, B.A.; Bawa, BThe phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of the petroleum ether and crude methanol extracts, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions of the leaves of Lannea kerstingii were investigated. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroids and triterpenes in the petroleum ether extract, steroid, triterpene, flavonoids and tannins in both crude methanol extract and chloroform fraction while the ethyl acetate fraction contained only flavonoids and tannins. The extracts exhibited antimicrobial activities with zones of inhibition ranging from 17.00 to 21.03, 20.10 to 25.24, 25.32 to 34.02 and 22.28 to 27.20 mm for petroleum ether extract, methanol extract, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration was between 5 and 10mg/ml, 5mg/ml for the petroleum ether and methanol extract respectively, and between 2.5 and 5 mg/ml, 5mg/ml for the acetate fractions. The minimum bactericidal concentration for all the extracts was 40mg/ml respectively except for chloroform fraction which ranged from 20 to 40mg/ml. The minimum fungicidal concentration for all the extracts was found to be 40mg/ml respectively. This result indicates the broad spectrum antimicrobial potential of L. Kerstingii and justifies the use of this plant in traditional medicine.Item Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activity of the Stem-Bark of Gardenia aqualla Stapf & Hutch. (Rubeacea)(AcademicJournals, 2014-07) Njinga, N.S.; Sule, M.I.; Pateh, U.U.; Hassan, H.S.; Usman, M.A.; Ache, R.N.; Bilkisu, A.Gardenia aqualla Stapf & Hutch (Rubeacea) is a plant belonging to the family Rubeacea. Preliminary phytochemistry carried out on the methanolic (ME) extract of the stem bark revealed the presence of steroid, carbohydrates, anthraquinones, saponins, triterpenes, tannins, cardiac glycoside and flavonoid while the petroleum ether (PE) extract of the stem bark revealed the presence of steroid, triterpenes and flavonoids. The PE extract and the ME were evaluated for antimicrobial screening using agar diffusion and broth dilution method on the following clinical isolates; Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenterea and the fungi Trichophytom rubrum, Candida albicans and Microsporan spp. Both extracts were active against S. aureus, E. aerogenes, E. coli, S. typhi and S. dysenteriae with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) between 3.13 and 6.25 mg/ml and 1.25 to 2.25 mg/ml for PE and ME extracts, respectively and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranged between 12.50 to 25.00 mg/ml and 2.50 to 5.00 mg/ml for PE and ME extracts, respectively. Both extracts showed no antifungal activity. The antibacterial activity of both extracts may be due to the presence of the secondary metabolites present. This study thus justifies the use of this plant in traditional medicine.Item Phytochemical, antibacteria and anticonvulsant activity of the stem bark of lannea kerstingii engl & k .Krause (anacadiaceae)(Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, 2018) Njinga, N.S.; Sule, M.I.; Shittu, A.O.; David, M.S.; Amali, M.O.; Bolaji, A.R.; Abdullahi, S.T.; Atunwa, S.A.; Hassan, H.S.; Eniayewu, O.I.The stem bark of Lannea kerstingii Engl. & K. Krause was investigated for its phytochemistry, antibacterial, acute toxicity and anti-convulsant activity. Standard method was used to determine the phytochemistry while the antibacterial activity was determined using agar diffusion and broth dilution method on Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Maximal electroshock-induced seizures test in chicks and Pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures test in mice were used to determine the anticonvulsant activity. The phytochemical studies revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates steroids and triterpenes. The ethyl acetate and methanol fraction of the stem bark was found to be active against S. aureus, S. typhi, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, Proteus sp, E. coli, Bacillus subtilis with zone of inhibition ranging from 20-27.5mm and MIC ranging from 6.25mg/mL to 100mg/mL and MBC from 50mg/mL and above. The LD50 was found to be 2154.066 mg/kg. The crude methanol extract of the stem-bark of L. kerstingii afforded dose (150, 300 and 600mg/kg) dependent protection to the laboratory animals against the hind limb tonic extension though not statistically significant (P<0.05) showing the inability of the extract to inhibit seizure discharge within the brainstem seizure substrate. Meanwhile the extract at doses of 300 and 600mg/kg significantly (P<0.05) prolonged the onset of seizure in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) test showing the potential of this plant in raising seizure threshold in the brain therefore making it beneficial in the treatment of myoclonic and absence seizures. Thus, justifying the use of this plant in treating convulsion.Item Phytochemical, antibacteria and anticonvulsant activity of the stem bark of Lannea kerstingii Engl & k. Krause (anacadiaceae). Journal of Pharmacy and Bioresources.(Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, 2018) Njinga, Ngaitad; Sule, M.I.; Shittu, A.O.; David, M.S.; Amali, M.O.; Bolaji, A.R.; Abdullahi, S.T.; Atunwa, S.A.; Hassan, H.S.; Eniayewu, O.I.The stem bark of Lannea kerstingii Engl. & K. Krause was investigated for its phytochemistry, acute toxicity, antibacterial and anticonvulsant activit ies. Standard methods were used to evaluate phytochemistry while antibacterial activity was determined using agar diffusion and broth dilution method s on Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Maximal electroshock-induced seizures test in chicks and pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures test in mice were used to determine the anticonvulsant activity. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates steroids and triterpenes. Ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of the stem bark were found to be active against S. aureus, S. typhi, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, Proteus sp, E. coli, Bacillus subtilis with zone of inhibition ranging from 20-27.5mm and MIC ranging from 6.25mg/mL to 100mg/mL and MBC from 50mg/mL and above. LD50 was found to be 2154.066 mg/kg. The crude methanol extract of the stem bark afforded dose (150, 300 and 600mg/kg) dependent protection to the laboratory animals against the hind limb tonic extension though not statistically significant (P<0.05) showing the inability of the extract to inhibit seizure discharge within the brainstem seizure substrate. Meanwhile the extract at doses of 300 and 600mg/kg significantly (P<0.05) prolonged the onset of seizure in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) test showing the potential of this plant in raising seizure threshold in the brain therefore making it beneficial in the treatment of myoclonic and absence seizures. This justifies the use of the plant in treating convulsion.Item Phytochemical, antibacterial and anticonvulsant activity of the stem bark of Lannea kerstingii Engl. & K. Krause (Anacadiaceae)(Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, 2018-09) Njinga, N.S; Sule, M.I.; Shittu, A.O.; David, M.S.; Amali, M.O.; Bolaji, A.R.The stem bark of Lannea kerstingii Engl. & K. Krause was investigated for its phytochemistry, acute toxicity, antibacterial and anticonvulsant activit ies. Standard methods were used to evaluate phytochemistry while antibacterial activity was determined using agar diffusion and broth dilution method s on Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Maximal electroshock-induced seizures test in chicks and pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures test in mice were used to determine the anticonvulsant activity. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates steroids and triterpenes. Ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of the stem bark were found to be active against S. aureus, S. typhi, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, Proteus sp, E. coli, Bacillus subtilis with zone of inhibition ranging from 20-27.5mm and MIC ranging from 6.25mg/mL to 100mg/mL and MBC from 50mg/mL and above. LD50 was found to be 2154.066 mg/kg. The crude methanol extract of the stem bark afforded dose (150, 300 and 600mg/kg) dependent protection to the laboratory animals against the hind limb tonic extension though not statistically significant (P<0.05) showing the inability of the extract to inhibit seizure discharge within the brainstem seizure substrate. Meanwhile the extract at doses of 300 and 600mg/kg significantly (P<0.05) prolonged the onset of seizure in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) test showing the potential of this plant in raising seizure threshold in the brain therefore making it beneficial in the treatment of myoclonic and absence seizures. This justifies the use of the plant in treating convulsion.