Comparative study on the antimicrobial activity of partitioned fractions of the stem-bark of Ceiba pentandra (bombacaceae)
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Date
2015
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Publisher
Nitte University
Abstract
Due to the emergence of more and more drug resistance bacteria and the reported antibacterial activity of Ceiba pentandra, the
antimicrobial activity of the partitioned ethyl-acetate and n-butanol fractions of the stem-bark of this plant were carried out on the
following clinical isolates: Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pyrogenes; corynebacterium ulcereans; Escherichia coli; Salmonella
typhi; Shigella dysenterea; Enterococcus aerogenes; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; klebsiella pneumonia and the fungi Trichophytom
rubrum, Microsporum sp., Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger . Agar diffusion and broth delusion methods were used in this
study. The ethyl acetate fraction showedwide spectrumantibacteria activity (with zones of inhibition between 27mmand 37mm)while
the n-butanol extract showed activity only against the gram negative bacteria (zones of inhibition between 20mmand 21mm). The MIC
ranged from0.65 to 2.5mg/ml and 2.5 to 5mg/ml andMBC ranged from2.5mg/ml and 5 – 10mg/ml for the ethylacetate and n-butanol
respectively. Both fractions showed no activity against the fungi used in this study. The preliminary phytochemistry of the ethyl acetate
showed the presence of only flavonoid and thismay explain the activity against all the bacteria. The n-butanol showed the presence of
carbohydrates, saponins, tannins and cardiac glycoside and the absence of flavonoid and alkaloids. This study justifies the use of this
plant in herbalmedicine.
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Keywords
antimicrobial, Ceiba pentandra, minimuminhibitory concentration, bacteria