Browsing by Author "Oyewole A.L."

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    Memory, neurogenic protein and oxidative deficits of frontal cortex following chlorpyrifos/dichlorvos exposure in rats
    (College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, Nigeria, 2022) Kadir R.E.; Gegele T.A.; Kola-Taiwo I.O.; Oyewole A.L.; Ibrahim A.; Imam A.; Chengetanai S.; Ajao M.S.
    Objective: The use of xenobiotics to boost agricultural productivity has led to toxic chemicals exposure including organophosphates, causing adverse health outcomes including behavioral and neuronal impairments. This study aimed to evaluate the memory indices, possible oxidative and cholinesterase outturns on the frontal cortices of rats exposed to organophosphates. Methodology: Thirty-two Wistar rats were grouped into four. They received 1ml/kg of Normal, 8.8 mg/kg dichlorvos, 14.9 mg/kg chlopyrifos, and 8.8 mg/kg dichlorvos plus 14.9mg/kg chlorpyrifos respectively. They had training trials in the Y Maze paradigm then spatial working memory assessment. They were euthanized 24hours following exposure and tissues excised for analysis. Results: A marked reduction in metabolic markers, Acetylcholine Esterase (AChE) activity, spatial memory indices and proliferative neuron marker (Ki67) were observed. Also, increase in oxidative stress markers in the frontal cortices of the organophosphates exposed rats. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated neurotoxic effects of organophosphates in rats.
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    Restorative effects of melatonin on bisphenol A-induced interference of gene expression in hypothalamic pituitary axis following early exposure
    (International Journal of Health Sciences, 2024) Kadir E.R.; Yakub A.D.; Imam A.; Olajide O.J.; Lawal I.A.; Oyewole A.L.; Hussein M.O.; Ojulari L.S.; Ajao M.S.
    Background: Bisphenol-A is a standard monomer used industrially in manufacturing plastics and epoxy resins, and it is widely used in food preservation and packaging. There is a global increase in its use due to increased demand and the growth in world population. Bisphenol A is an endocrine-disrupting chemical miming the endogenous estradiol hormone. However, due to its exposure to the environment, food and other consumables, its effects on reproductive health have been a growing area of interest. Melatonin regulates sleep-wake cycles and plays essential physiological roles in the body through its antioxidative, anti-cancer and neuroprotective properties. This research aims to ascertain the impact of Bisphenol A on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and determine melatonin's function on possible BPA-induced effects. Methods: Six adult male Wistar rats and 12 adult female Wistar rats of proven fertility were bred and organized into groups. Litters were divided into seven groups, each comprising six rats. These animals were subjected to subcutaneous injections of high and low doses of bisphenol A from postnatal days 0-3, then oral melatonin. The rats were allowed to mature into full-grown adults and euthanized at 120 ±4 days. The serum and hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian tissues were collected for various assays, histology and genetic studies. Results: Compared to the control groups, groups administered varying doses of bisphenol A showed significant overexpression of estrogen and androgen receptors. Administration of Melatonin showed some reversal and reparative effects on BPA-induced damage of the hypothalamic pituitary ovarian axis. Conclusion: Elevated estrogen receptor levels induced by Bisphenol A altered receptor function, ultimately impairing hormonal cascades that regulate reproductive functions. Melatonin showed some promising reparative effects.