Restorative effects of melatonin on bisphenol A-induced interference of gene expression in hypothalamic pituitary axis following early exposure
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Date
2024
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
International Journal of Health Sciences
Abstract
Background: Bisphenol-A is a standard monomer used
industrially in manufacturing plastics and epoxy resins, and it is
widely used in food preservation and packaging. There is a global increase in its use due to increased demand and the growth in world
population. Bisphenol A is an endocrine-disrupting chemical miming
the endogenous estradiol hormone. However, due to its exposure to
the environment, food and other consumables, its effects on
reproductive health have been a growing area of interest. Melatonin
regulates sleep-wake cycles and plays essential physiological roles in
the body through its antioxidative, anti-cancer and neuroprotective
properties. This research aims to ascertain the impact of Bisphenol A
on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and determine melatonin's
function on possible BPA-induced effects. Methods: Six adult male
Wistar rats and 12 adult female Wistar rats of proven fertility were
bred and organized into groups. Litters were divided into seven
groups, each comprising six rats. These animals were subjected to
subcutaneous injections of high and low doses of bisphenol A from
postnatal days 0-3, then oral melatonin. The rats were allowed to
mature into full-grown adults and euthanized at 120 ±4 days. The
serum and hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian tissues were collected for
various assays, histology and genetic studies. Results: Compared to
the control groups, groups administered varying doses of bisphenol A
showed significant overexpression of estrogen and androgen receptors.
Administration of Melatonin showed some reversal and reparative
effects on BPA-induced damage of the hypothalamic pituitary ovarian
axis. Conclusion: Elevated estrogen receptor levels induced by
Bisphenol A altered receptor function, ultimately impairing hormonal
cascades that regulate reproductive functions. Melatonin showed
some promising reparative effects.
Description
Keywords
Bisphenol-A, Melatonin, endocrine disruptor, estrogen, Androgen, Receptors
Citation
Kadir, E. R., Yakub, A. D., Imam, A., Olajide, O. J., Lawal, I. A., Oyewole, A. L., Hussein, M. O., Ojulari, L. S., & Ajao, M. S. (2024). Restorative effects of melatonin on bisphenol A-induced interference of gene expression in hypothalamic pituitary axis following early exposure. International Journal of Health Sciences. 8 (S1), 1293–1315. Published by Universidad Technica de Manabi, Ecuador.. Available online at https://sciencescholar.us/journal/index.php/ijhs/issue/view/141