Browsing by Author "Lawal, A.Z.,"

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    Black seed oil ameliorated scopolamine-induced memory dysfunction and cortico-hippocampal neural alterations in male Wistar rats.
    (Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy,, 2016) Imam, A.,; Ajao, M, S.,; Ajibola, M.I.,; Amin, A.,; Abdulmajeed, W.I.,; Lawal, A.Z.,; Alli-Oluwafuyi, A.,; Akinola, O.B.,; Oyewopo, A.O.,; Olajide, O.J. &; Adana, M.Y.
    This study was conducted to evaluate cognitive enhancing effect and ameliorative effects of black seed oil in scopolamine induced rat model of cognitive impairment. These effects were investigated on scopolamine-induced dementia model in Morris water maze test (MWM) and Y maze test. The hippocampal histoarchitectural responses to scopolamine and Nigella sativa oil were also examined. Scopolamine (1 mg/kg ip) was given to induce dementia, followed by oral administration of BSO (1 ml/kg) for 14 consecutive days. MWM and Y-maze paradigms were used to assess hippocampal and frontal dependent memory respectively, thereafter the rats were sacrificed and brains were removed for histopathologic studies. Scopolamine resulted in memory impairment, by delayed latency in the MWM, reduced percentage alternation in the Y maze that was coupled by alterations in the cortico-hippocampal neurons. Posttreatment of rats with BSO mitigated scopolamine-induced amnesia, by reducing latency period and increasing percentage alternation and histological changes. The observed anti-amnestic effect of BSO m
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    Chemical constituents from the leaf extracts of scleria depressa (C.B Clarke) Nelmes with its antioxidant and anti-inflamatory activity.
    (Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin., 2018) Oguntoye, S.O.,; Hamid, A.A.,; Jimoh, A.,; Abdulrauf, A.T.,; Bale, M.I.,; Lawal, A.Z.,; Shehu, A.,; Faturoti, I. O.,; Oluwo, A. C. &; Olodu , J. O.
    Antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity of the extracts of Scleriadepressa leaf part were investigated in this study. The leaf part of Scleriadepressa were dried, ground, weighed, and exhaustively extracted with n-hexane, ethylacetate and methanol. GC-MS analysis of the extracts was carried out to know the compounds present in the extracts as well as their molecular formula. These extracts of the plant were evaluated for antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity using peroxide scavenging, lipoxidase and membrane stabilization. Hexane, Ethylacetate and methanol extracts of the Scleriadepressa leaves exhibited antioxidant activity on peroxide radicals at different concentrations ranging from 10-150 µg/mL, using ascorbic acid as standard antioxidant. Ethylacetate and methanol extracts of the plant’s leaves possessed antioxidant activity by exhibiting peroxide free radical scavenging with IC50of 106.23 and 148.79µg/mL respectively, using peroxide antioxidant assay. The hexane extract shows inhibition that is more pronounced compared to that of ethylacetate for the antiinflammatory activity while methanol extract of the plant’s leaves shows activity higher than that of hexane and ethylacetate for the anti-inflammatory activity. The GC-MS analysis shows the presence of 13 compounds for hexane extract with Carvomenthol,( an α-Terpenol) and 1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene being the abundant compounds with %abundanceof 23.78% and 19.20% respectively, while ethylacetate extract revealed 19 compounds with 1,2- Benzenedicarboxylic acid,bis(2-methylpropylester), and 4,7-dimethylundecane with corresponding % abundance of 24.56% and 16.83% being the abundant compound also the GC-MS analysis of methanol extract of Scleriadepressa leaves showed the presence of 11 compounds. The compound with highest abundance is Methyl9-octadecenoate, with %abundance of 69.86 and retention time of 14.714.
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    Chemical constituents, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities from the leaf extracts of Drynaria laurentii. Journal of Phytomedicine and Therapeutics
    (National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Development, 2022) Shehu, A.,; Issa S.B.,; Lawal, A.Z.,; Egharevba, G.,; Ojo, J. B,; Salami, L.B,; Taiwo, L.O.,; Yusuf, S.A,; Adeyemo, J.,; Bello, O.,; Bale, M.I. &; Hamid, A.A.
    The chemical constituents of weighed, air-dried leaf samples of a native Nigerian plant, Drynaria laurentii, were examined. The bioactivity of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the plants were tested against ten (10) strains of bacteria and fungi, and their antioxidant activities and antimicrobial properties were studied. Ethyl acetate extract of Drynaria laurentii leaves exhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1-hydrazine (DPPH) radical scavenging property with Inhibition Concentration at 50% (IC50) of 298.912 μg/mL while hexane and methanol extracts of the plant showed no significant antioxidant activity. From the antimicrobial study, the methanol extract of the plant inhibited the growth of all the test organisms at all concentrations while the n-hexane extract specifically inhibited the growth of the test bacteria at 200-25 mg/mL and have low inhibitory effects on all the test fungi. Meanwhile, the ethyl acetate extract inhibited the growth of all the test bacteria from a range of 200–12.5 mg/mL and all the test fungi at the range 200-25 mg/mL. However, some bacteria (6.25 mg/mL) and fungi (12.5-6.25 mg/mL) displayed resistance to the ethyl acetate extract of the plant. The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) characterisation of n-hexane leaf extract of D. laurentii afforded nineteen (19) compounds with heptadecanal constituting 15.64% as the most abundant constituent of the extract. Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the plant afforded eighteen (18) and seventeen (17) compounds with γ-sitosterol (14.34%) and clionasterol (15.32%) as the abundant constituents in both extracts respectively.
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    Effects of Ethylacetate Leaf Extract of Annona Muricata on Some Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes in Male Wistar Rats
    (Nigeria Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2022) Lawal, A.Z.,; Abdulrahim H.A.,; Yusuf, A.I.,; Ibrahim, M. &; Adekunle, A.S.
    Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease of multiple etiologies characterized by high blood sugar levels. The management of diabetes is taken as a global problem and curative treatment is yet to be uncovered. The leaf, root and bark of Annona muricata have been reportedly used locally as an antidiabetic agent. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ethylacetate leaf extract of Annona muricata (AMLE) on selected enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in diabetic rat model. Twenty male rats weighing 180 to 220 g were randomly assigned into four groups. Groups A and B were non-diabetic and diabetic rats respectively, treated with 5% dimethyl sulfoxide saline respectively. Groups C and D were diabetic rats treated with 200 mg/kg body weight (b.wt) AMLE and 5 mg/kg b.wt glibenclamide respectively for 14 days. Diabetes was induced by a single dose of 45 mg/kg b.wt streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneally. Rats with blood glucose values above 13.9 mmol/l 48 hours after STZ injection were considered diabetic. Animals were sacrificed on day 15 and hepatic activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were assayed. The levels of hepatic lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glucokinase activities in AMLE treated diabetic rats were significantly (p˂0.05) reduced compared to untreated diabetic rats. However, the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase was only slightly inhibited in the diabetic rats treated with AMLE. Ethylacetate leaf extract of A. muricata inhibited the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase in this study. These findings partially support the use of this plant in the treatment of diabetes.
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    Effects of Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (Viagra) on biochemical parameters of L-NAME-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Adult Male Wistar Rats
    (Kampala International University., 2024) Adunmo, G.O,; Oyewopo, A.O.,; Akindehin, O.A.,; Stephen, D.A.,; Ogunbiyi, O.E.,; Abdulazeez, I.A.,; Lawal, A.Z.,; Adeleke, O.S.,; Akingbade A.M.,; Opoola, F.O., and; Ajayi, A.J.
    Testicular toxicity is a growing concern in today's world, with various factors contributing to its prevalence. Nitric oxide (NO) imbalance, often induced by N (gamma)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), is a significant factor associated with testicular dysfunction. Sildenafil (Viagra), a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, has shown promise in improving testicular function by modulating NO levels. This study aimed to investigate the role of Sildenafil (Viagra) on biochemical parameters of L-NAMEinduced testicular toxicity in Wistar rats. Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control (physiological saline-treated), L-Name (L-Name-induced testicular toxicity), PDE (Sildenafil-treated), and L-Name + Sildenafil (co-treatment) and subjected to a 56-day treatment regimen. At the end of the administration, the animals were sacrificed, tissues collected and biochemical and histological assessments were performed. Findings revealed that L-Name administration led to a significant decreased in nitric oxide levels, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone and increase in oxidative stress when compared to the control group. Furthermore, histological analysis demonstrated structural alterations in the testes of LNAME-treated rats, indicative of testicular toxicity. Rats treated with Sildenafil showed a slight reversal of these adverse effects. Also, slight reversals of impaired spermatogenesis were evident in the co-treatment group. This study provides compelling evidence for the potential therapeutic role of sildenafil in ameliorating L-NAME-induced testicular toxicity in adult male Wistar rats.
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    Evaluation of serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities in hypertensive patients attending General Hospital Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria,
    (Faculty of Health Sciences, Al-Hikmah University Ilorin, Nigeria, 2021) Busari, A.O.,; Onamadi, T.O.,; Ibrahim, M.,; Balogun, M.E.; Garba, W.O.,; Ogunwale, K.T.,; Adunmo, G.O.,; Ahmad, M.B.; Mohammed, I.Y.,; Nassar, S.A.,; Akinola, F.F.,; Popoola, A.N.,; Lawal, A.Z.,; Oyeniyi, M.G.; Eleha, S.
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    Hepatoprotective Effect of Tryptophan in Carbontetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats.
    (Society of Basic and Applied Physiology, 2021) Ayinde, T.O.,; Olayaki, L.A.,; Ojulari, L.S.,; Oluwasola, A.,; Abdulraheem, H.A.,; Lawal, A.Z.,; Alli-Oluwafuyi, A.
    In the present study, tryptophan was evaluated for its hepatoprotective effects against carbontetrachloride-induced hepatocellular injury in rats. Hepatotoxicity was induced in male SpragueDawley rats by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 (4ml/kg) in olive oil (1:1). Tryptophan at doses of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg was administered orally for 28 days. The hepatoprotective effect of tryptophan was evaluated by the assay of biochemical parameters viz.: alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein, albumin and lipid peroxidation. Tryptophan produced a dose-dependent significant increase (p<0.001) in serum ALP (41% & 60%), a dose-dependent decrease (p<0.001) in serum Malondialdehyde (61% & 65%), and a significant increase (p<0.001) in levels of serum protein and serum albumin, in CCl4induced hepatotoxic rats, following administration of 100 mg/kg bwand 200 mg/kg bw, respectively. The toxic effect of CCl4 in tryptophan treated groups was controlled significantly by restoration of the levels of enzymes, total protein and albumin as compared to the CCl4 treated groups. The results suggest that tryptophan is able to significantly alleviate the hepatotoxicity induced by CCl4 and may be attributed to the antioxidant property of tryptophan.
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    Histological Changes and Lipid Profile Analysis in Male Rats Exposed High Fat Diet
    (Society for Basic and Clinical Toxicology Nigeria, 2022) Ibrahim M.,; Lawal, A.Z.,; Ogunwale, K.A.,; Falusi, T.A.,; Garuba, W.O.,; Popoola, A.N.,; Adunmo, G.O.,; Suleiman, I.E.,; Busari, A.O.,; Balogun, M.O.,; Nuhu, A.
    Background: High Fat Diet (HFD) is associated with development of cardiovascular, metabolic, liver and central nervous system diseases. The study is aimed at evaluating the effects of high fat diets on lipid profile and selected organs in male wistar rats. Methodology: 24 rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups. Group A received Normal Rat Chow diet + Distilled Water (DW), Group B fed 25% HFD + DW, Group C fed with 50% HFD + DW and Group D fed 100% HFD + DW. Animal’s weights were measured pre and post-treatment. Rats were anaesthetized (diethylether) and sacrificed after 12 hours fast. The blood samples taken from the orbital sinus, centrifuged and serum obtained was used for the assay of lipoprotein A, Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). The brain, liver and heart were excised and processed for histology. Results: Result showed the presence of a significant dose dependent increase (p < 0. 0 5) in the body weight, concentrations of TC, TAG, LDL, lipoprotein A and decrease in the concentrations of HDL in HFD groups compared with the control. Histological results from HFD treated rats have showed no histological abnormalities of the liver, brain and heart tissues. Conclusion: Intake of high fat diets in this study altered serum lipid profile with significant weight gain - a risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
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    Prosopis Africana Seeds Extract Affects Lipid Profiles and Antioxidant Levels in Serum and Brain Tissue of Wistar Rats.
    (College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin., 2020) Abdulrahim, H.A,; Abioye, A.I.R,; Nafiu, A.B.,; Feyitimi, A.A.,; Omeiza, N.A. &; Lawal, A.Z.,
    Prosopis africana (PA)is a deciduous plant widely Prosopis africana (PA; commonly known as used in Nigeria as food flavouring condiments, but its African mesquite, iron tree, gele, and ayan) is a medicinal benefits has not been fully established. We multipurpose tree of great economic value among the investigated the major phytochemical constituents and rural communities in guinea savannah of Nigeria.1 It is evaluated the effect of aqueous extract of PA seeds on a tropical leguminous tree that is readily distinguished lipids and antioxidants in the brain and serum of male by its dark, pale drooping foliage with small pointed Wistar rats. Three groups of rats (n = 5/group) orally leaflets. The seeds of PAare used in Nigeria to prepare received as follows: first group distilled water, second daddawa, kpaye or ukpeye, a fermented products that is group 500 mg/kg and third group 1000 mg/kg of the used as food condiment among most tribes in Nigeria.2 aqueous extract respectively for 25 days. The Non-polar lipid substances like cholesterol and phytochemical result revealed that PA is highly rich in triglycerides need to be transported in soluble form in terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids and the plasma or carried with various lipoprotein particles. alkaloids. Administration of PA (500 mg/kg) decreased Five major classes of plasma lipoproteins are serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density- chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) but raised serum intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL), low-density triglycerides(TG), very-low-density-lipoprotein lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins (VLDL), cardiovascular risk ratio II (CRRII) and (HDL) and they are separated by hydrated density; atherogenic index of plasma (AIP). Besides, PA(500 electrophoretic mobility; molecular weight (size) and mg/kg)increased brain content of TC, LDL-C and their relative content of cholesterol, triglycerides and CRRs while both doses of PA decreased the serum and protein.3 brain malondialdehyde (MDA), with no remarkable Cholesterol is widely distributed in all cells of the changes in the serum and brain content of glutathione body but particularly in nervous tissue. It is a major peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT). Meanwhile, constituent of the plasma membrane and lipoproteins. both doses of PA raised serum content of superoxide Phospholipids are ubiquitous molecules that are dismutase (SOD) and PA(1000 mg/kg) alone increased important to the structural integrity of cells and the brain reduced glutathione (GSH). Conclusively, lipoproteins. When oxidized, however, they can these findings show that PA exhibited antioxidant and