Prosopis Africana Seeds Extract Affects Lipid Profiles and Antioxidant Levels in Serum and Brain Tissue of Wistar Rats.
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Date
2020
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Publisher
College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin.
Abstract
Prosopis africana (PA)is a deciduous plant widely Prosopis africana (PA; commonly known as
used in Nigeria as food flavouring condiments, but its African mesquite, iron tree, gele, and ayan) is a
medicinal benefits has not been fully established. We multipurpose tree of great economic value among the
investigated the major phytochemical constituents and rural communities in guinea savannah of Nigeria.1 It is
evaluated the effect of aqueous extract of PA seeds on a tropical leguminous tree that is readily distinguished
lipids and antioxidants in the brain and serum of male by its dark, pale drooping foliage with small pointed
Wistar rats. Three groups of rats (n = 5/group) orally leaflets. The seeds of PAare used in Nigeria to prepare
received as follows: first group distilled water, second daddawa, kpaye or ukpeye, a fermented products that is
group 500 mg/kg and third group 1000 mg/kg of the used as food condiment among most tribes in Nigeria.2
aqueous extract respectively for 25 days. The Non-polar lipid substances like cholesterol and
phytochemical result revealed that PA is highly rich in triglycerides need to be transported in soluble form in
terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids and the plasma or carried with various lipoprotein particles.
alkaloids. Administration of PA (500 mg/kg) decreased Five major classes of plasma lipoproteins are
serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density- chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL),
lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) but raised serum intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL), low-density
triglycerides(TG), very-low-density-lipoprotein lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins
(VLDL), cardiovascular risk ratio II (CRRII) and (HDL) and they are separated by hydrated density;
atherogenic index of plasma (AIP). Besides, PA(500 electrophoretic mobility; molecular weight (size) and
mg/kg)increased brain content of TC, LDL-C and their relative content of cholesterol, triglycerides and
CRRs while both doses of PA decreased the serum and protein.3
brain malondialdehyde (MDA), with no remarkable Cholesterol is widely distributed in all cells of the
changes in the serum and brain content of glutathione body but particularly in nervous tissue. It is a major
peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT). Meanwhile, constituent of the plasma membrane and lipoproteins.
both doses of PA raised serum content of superoxide Phospholipids are ubiquitous molecules that are
dismutase (SOD) and PA(1000 mg/kg) alone increased important to the structural integrity of cells and
the brain reduced glutathione (GSH). Conclusively, lipoproteins. When oxidized, however, they can
these findings show that PA exhibited antioxidant and