Browsing by Author "Garuba, T."
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Item EFFECT OF SODIUM AZIDE ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF THREE TOMATO ACCESSIONS (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICON L.)(Institute of Biology, Bucharest, Romania, 2017) Abdulkareem, K.A; Garuba, T.; Akande, E.O; Mustapha, O.TThe effect of chemical mutagen (Sodium azide) was used to study the morphological characters of three accessions of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) and to estimate the heritability of treated plants. Dry seeds of one accession (NGB01302) were collected from National Centre for Genetic Resources (NACGRAB) and two accessions (Tropimech and Tima) were collected from National Horticultural Research Institute (NIGHORT), Ibadan, Nigeria. The seeds were presoaked in water to test for viability. The seeds were soaked in sodium azide of concentrations 1mM, 2mM and 4mM in phosphate buffer of pH 4 for 4 hours and rinsed under a running tap to remove excess mutagen. The result of the study showed that the control of Tropimech had the highest germination (100%) while the lowest was recorded in treatment with 1mM. At four weeks of planting (4WAP), there was no significant difference between the heights of treated seedlings of Tropimech while the untreated seedlings were significantly different from the treated seeds. No significant difference was observed in both treated and untreated seedlings of Tima and NGB01302. Highly significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in the number of leaves, number of branches, number of flowers, number of fruit and fruit weight in the three accessions. The heritability of the yield parameters (number of flower and fruit weight) were moderate and the genetic advance was high in the number or leaves, number of flowers and fruit weight. There was general reduction in all parameters under study with increasing concentration of sodium azide except in NGB01302 which showed an increase.Item Molecular Characterisation of Some Accessions of Corchorus olitorius l.(Faculty of Science, Federal University Birnin Kebbi, 2019-12) Abdulkareem, K.A; Sidiq, K.A; Olayinka, B.U.; Lateef, A.A.; Garuba, T.; Olahan, G.S.; Adeyemi, S.B.; Sagaya, A.; Tiamiyu, B.B.; Abdulrahman, A.A.Nigeria has several native leafy vegetables that have been neglected. Corchorus olitorius belongs to this group. Genetic diversity was studied in five accessions of the plant using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS - PAGE). The aim was to determine the relationship (differences and similarities) among them. Sixteen polypeptide bands were obtained ranging from 12.29 KDa to 170 KDa indicating variations in the banding patterns of the accessions. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic algorithm (UPGMA) dendrogram grouped the five accessions into three clusters with four groups showing 60% of the accessions in one group. The greatest similarity (96%) observed was between NGB00196 and NGB00194 while the lowest similarities (32%) NGB00191 and (40%) NGB00187. Adopting this technology can be useful in plant variety identification and registration of new plant varieties. NGB00191 was observed to be distantly related to the other accessions hence could be combined in a breeding programme.Item PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANTI-OXIDANT AND ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF FRACTIONATED ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Moringa Oleifera LEAVE(Chemical Society of Nigeria, 2021) Ameen, O. M.; Akinolu, A. A.; Garuba, T.; Ebito, G. E.; Arowolo, B. Z.; Oyebanji, E. O.Moringa oleifera leave has been reputed for the treatment of different ailments, this work thus aims at isolating the active principle(s) that are responsible for these activities. M. oleifera leave was extracted with distilled ethanol, concentrated to afford the crude extract (210.2 g). The crude extract was partitioned using n – hexane (NH), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EA) and methanol (MeOH) in an increasing order of polarity to afford 12 fractions. The fractions were subjected to biological testing and MOF8 and MOF11 were selected for further purification based on their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The two fractions (MOF8 and MOF11) were purified on a silica gel open column, using NH, DCM, EA and MeOH in an increasing order of polarity to afford ten and eight fractions respectively. Further biological test on these fractions indicates superior activities of MOF118 which was further purified as described earlier to afford four fractions. Further biological testing on these fractions indicates that and MOF118.3 and MO118.4 are more active in the antioxidant and antimicrobial analysis. Phytochemical screening of MOF11 and MOF11 indicates the presence of flavonoids, saponin, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides and steroids.