Browsing by Author "Bello, Shakirat Iyabo"
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Item A Cross-Sectional Study about Demographic and Medical Characteristics of Hypertensive Pregnant Women in Two Secondary Healthcare Facilities, in Ilorin, Nigeria(Libyan International Medical University, Libya, 2024) Aliyu, Fullaila Onozare; Olatunde, O. O.; Abdulbaki, M.; Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Olajide, QadriBackground Hypertension is one of the major causes of related maternal deaths worldwide and it is one of the most common medical disorders encountered during pregnancy. Aim This study aimed at assessing the demographic and medical characteristics of hypertensive pregnant women in two secondary healthcare facilities, in Ilorin, Nigeria Method This was a cross-sectional study among 104 pregnant women with hyper tension attending the outpatient department of General Hospital and Civil Service Clinic, Ilorin between March and May 2021. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on sociodemographics. Data on the medical character istics of the respondents and their medications were extracted from the respondent’s medical files. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ministry of Health and General Hospital, Ilorin. For statistical analysis for categorical measurements, the frequencies and percentages were computed. Results Seventy-five percent of the correspondents were below 36 years old, 97% were married, 79% had tertiary education, and 74% were above 24 weeks of gestation. About 68% of the correspondents had blood pressure more than or equal to 140/90 and 10% had blood pressure more than 160 mm Hg systolic or more than 100 mm Hg diastolic. About 78.8% of the correspondents had a family history of hypertension, 13.5% had a family history of diabetes mellitus, and 22.1% had a family history of obesity. About 27.9% had pre-existing hypertension, 61.5% developed hypertension before the end of 20 weeks of gestation, and 10.6% developed hypertension after 20 weeks of gestation. About 24% had their antihypertensive medication changed during pregnancy, 38.5% were treated with methyldopa, 31.7% with nifedipine, and 27% with nifedipine and methyldopa. Majority (83.6%) of the respondents were not adherent to their medications. Conclusion Two-third of the patients had poor blood pressure control irrespective of the fact that all were under drug therapy. Family history and large body mass index are the main risk factors for the development of hypertension during pregnancy. Non-compliance may play a significant role in no drug responseItem Antiretroviral drug adverse reactions among HIV-positive patients at a tertiary care hospital in North-Eastern Nigeria(Journal of Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 2020-12) Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; David, John Ohieku; Ikunaiye, Nasiru Y; Kida, Ibrahim MPurpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among patients on antiretroviral drugs in a tertiary healthcare facility in Maiduguri, NorthEastern Nigeria. Methods: The study was conducted among HIVpositive participants using validated questionnaires and personal interviews to obtain information on ADRs. Participants’ case notes were used to capture data on socio-demographic characteristics, clinical variables, and treatment profiles. The data collected were analyzed with STATA 10 software using logistic regression and descriptive analyses. Results: The prevalence rate of ADRs was 26.6% among 134 patients. Gastrointestinal system disorders 40(8.0%), central and peripheral nervous system 38(7.5%), and systemic signs and symptoms 37(7.3%) were the most common clinical ADRs observed. Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Nevirapine combination therapy was mostly implicated for the ADRs. Logistic regression analysis showed that the occurrence of ADRs was associated with marital status, viral load, and Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Nevirapine therapy. Conclusion: The prevalence of ADRs reported in this study was low. Most of the patients with ADRs had mild effects. Marital status, viral load, and Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Nevirapine contributed to the development of the ADRs. There is a need to closely monitor HIV-infected patients by caregivers to further reduce the prevalence of ADRs and concomitant risks.Item Cervical Cancer Awareness, Knowledge and Risk Factors Among Health Care Students in a Nigerian University(RGUHS Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020) Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Ojieabu, Winifred A.; Talabi, Timilehin B.; Ojieabu, Christabel E.Aim of study: Cervical cancer is the 4th women killer disease in the world, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Although the disease is preventable if detected early, many women stilldie from it. This study was to evaluate cervical cancer awareness, knowledge and risk factors among health care students of Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria. This was a cross-sectional study carried out among Pharmacy and Medical 4th and 5th year students. Males were 127 (50.8%). Majority 226 (90.4%) of the respondents heard of cervical cancer, those who knew it affects mainly female gender were 217 (86.8%). Those who knew the stages of cervical cancer were 81 (32.4%). While 96 (38.4%) heard of Pap test, those who knew that Pap test is important for women of their age were 10 (4.0%)and those who see it as necessary even if there has not been family history of cancer were 234 (93.6%). The following believed that the below listed factors could increase the chances of getting cervical cancer. They include, infection with Human papillomavirus 222 (88.8%), weakened immune system 223 (89.2%), long-term use of contraceptive pills, 186 (74.4%) and having many sexual partners 211 (84-4%). P < 0.000. Awareness of cervical cancer and knowledge of its risk factors were appreciably high while that of Pap test was below average.Item Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension among Patients on Combination Antiretroviral Therapy in Civil Service Hospital, Nigeria(Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal, 2020-07) Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Williams, Felicia; Bello, Nusirat; Ajulo, Mathew A.; Yusuf, Abdulrasheed A; Lawal, Hafis G.The utilization of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in the management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection could lead to diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the incidence and risks for diabetes mellitus and hypertension amongst HIV-infected patients on cART at ART Clinic of Civil Service Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. Crosssectional research was conducted among 262 consented HIV-infected patients on cART from April to July 2018. Random blood sugar and blood pressure of the patients were measured with glucometer and sphygmomanometer, respectively. The subjects were administered with standardized sociodemographics, treatment, and clinical variable forms. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used, and ethical approval was obtained. The patients had a mean age of 44.32±11.60 years and had received cART for a median duration of 6.01± 2.16 years. There was a high incidence (18.3%) of hypertension and diabetes mellitus diseases among the patients on cART. The majority of 32 (66.67%) of the patients were on Efavirenz + Lamivudine + Tenofovir combination therapy. The risk factors for the comorbidity were gender (OR 1.113; 95% CI 0.014-0.938, p < 0.043), duration on HIV infection (OR 1.084; 95% CI 0.860-1.366, p < 0.049), duration on cART (OR 1.928; 95% CI 0.861-1.679, p < 0.048) and types of cART (OR 1.042; 95% CI 1.000-1.085, p < 0.047). The high incidence of the comorbid conditions in HIV-infected patients on cART affirms the necessity to integrate screening for these two concomitant diseases in the HIV program as part of a healthcare support strategy.Item Drug utilization, medication adherence and treatment satisfaction amongst glaucoma patients receiving care at secondary health facilities(Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society, United Kingdom, 2023) Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Ojieabu, Winifred Aitalegbe; Yusuf, HadizaObjectives: The objective of this study was to assess treatment satisfaction, medication adherence and drug utilization amongst glaucoma patients receiving care at secondary health facilities. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst glaucoma patients attending eye clinics of General Hospital Ilorin and Civil Service Hospital Ilorin in Kwara State, Nigeria from October 2020 to January 2021. Three hundred and eleven patients were enrolled in the study. Sampling was based on convenience as dictated by the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Ethical permission and informed consent were obtained before data collection. Validated instruments of Morisky Medication Adherence Scale and Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication were used during the data collection process. Descriptive and Chi-square analyses were employed. Key findings: Amongst the 311 patients studied 184(59.2%) were females with a mean age of 63.79 ± 14.89 years. Timolol eye drop was the drug of choice for monotherapy in (8.7%) of patients. Combination therapy of beta blockers and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors had the highest number (59.5%) of prescriptions. More than half (55.6%) of the patients were adherents. Participants reported being more satisfied with their anti-glaucoma therapy in the domain of global satisfaction (62.89 ± 21.85) followed by medication effectiveness (62.67 ± 20.78) and convenience (60.16 ± 15.79) while medication side effects had the least score (17.17 ± 11.09). There is a statistically significant relationship between patient satisfaction with treatment and medication adherence at P= 0.001. Conclusions: Combination therapy was the most frequently utilized anti-glaucoma agent. Most of the patients adhered to their medications and were satisfied with the treatment receivedItem Evaluation of knowledge, attitudes and practices of human healthcare students about antimicrobial drug use and resistance: a cross-sectional study in University of Maiduguri, Nigeria(Journal of PHARMACY AND BIORESOURCES, 2021-09) Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Aliyu, Fullaila Onozare; Yusuf, Hadiza; Aliyu, Bello JInappropriate consumption of antimicrobial drugs is the main cause of antibiotic resistance which is currently the most critical global public health challenge. This research aimed to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices of antimicrobial drug use and resistance among 576 students. Data were collected through a questionnaire. Descriptive analyses were performed to characterize the sampled population. Ethical clearance and students’ informed consent were obtained. Most of the students were within the age range of 21-25 years and have excellent knowledge of antimicrobial use. Also, most of them had very good knowledge of antimicrobial resistance. From the data analysed 445 (77.3%) agreed that students should get special training on the use of antimicrobials; 120 (20.8%) students agreed that education on the use of the antimicrobial drugs is necessary; 115 (20.0%) believed that prohibiting the use of antimicrobials without a valid prescription is a solution. The knowledge level on antimicrobial drug use and resistance was excellent 329 (57.1%). Most of the students' attitude as regards the usage of antimicrobials was found to be average. High rates of incorrect antimicrobial usage practices were noticed and the attitude was average. The development of an effective antimicrobial stewardship program is a necessity.Item Factors associated with Tuberculosis among HIV individuals receiving combination antiretroviral therapy in General Hospital, Lafiagi, Nigeria(Journal Pharmaceutical Reserach Development and Practice, 2018-05) Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Ajulo, Michael O.; Ojieabu, Winifred A.Tuberculosis (TB) leads to substantial deadly consequences in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive people in Africa, even with the free access to combination Antiretroviral Therapy (cART). This research was conducted to assess the risk factors associated with development of TB among HIV individuals receiving cART. A cross-sectional study was investigated among 230 HIV infected patients receiving cART in HIV Centre Lafiagi, Kwara State, Nigeria. Clinical symptomatology, GeneXpert and Sputum Smear Microscopy tests were used for diagnosis of TB among HIV infected patients. Logistic regression analysis was exploited to outline factors related to incidence of TB/HIV co-infection. Of the 230 HIV subjects enrolled, only (4.8 %) had pulmonary TB. The rate of co-infection was lesser in females, (4.0 %) than males, (10.0 %). Patients with CD4 count below 200 cells/ml had a greater co-infection rate (14.3%) and burden of co-infection (63.6 %) than patients with CD4 counts larger than 200 cells/ml (2.2 % and 36.4 %, respectively). The highest risk factor linked with the incidence of TB in these patients was inappropriate adherence to cART (Odds Ratio, 7.32; 11.012-23.678, 95 % CI). Other factors were low CD4 count cells (Odds Ratio, 4.90; 1.431-11.302, 95 % CI), advanced WHO clinical stage (Odds Ratio, 3.11; 0.231-0.611, 95 % CI), low Body Mass Index (Odds Ratio, 2.33; 1.271-9.202, 95 % CI) and gender (Odds Ratio, 1.22; 0.144-1.193, 95 % CI). Inappropriate drug adherence is a major risk factor for development of TB in HIV infected patients on cART. Concerted efforts on cART adherence should be intensified to improve therapy significantly and reduce the burden of TB/HIV co-infection.Item HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN AMONG NIGERIAN STUDENTS: A MULTICAMPUS STUDY(Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences, 2020) Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; DAYOM, WETKOS D.; GIWA, ABDULGANIYU; ABDULAZEEZ, FATIMAH I.; JAMIU, MUSLIM O.; ABDULRAHMAN, HAMDALAT M.; ABDULKAREEM, IDRISThe study aimed to evaluate the incidence, screening, and risk factors of HepB virus infection among students in two tertiary educational institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria. The multi-campus study was conducted among 354 students of the two institutions (177 per institution). A rapid diagnostic test kit was used in screening HepB surface antigen among the respondents. Data were analyzed with the use of descriptive and inferential statistics. The majority of the respondents on HepB virus infection testing in Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin (152, 85.9 %), and College of Education (Technical), Lafiagi (158, 89.3 %), were within the age range of 21-25 years. Age has been identified as a stronger influence of HepB infection on the respondents in Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, and no such association was observed in the College of Education, (Technical), Lafiagi. In College of Education, (Technical), Lafiagi, there were significant associations between HepB virus infection and infected patients who drank alcohol, wore body tattoo, had pierced ear or body, involved in drug abuse, had blood transfusion history, multiple sex partners, shared toothbrushes, used utensils and shared sharp objects, while at Al-Hikmah University, there was no statistical association between social and medical variables and HepB infection. There was an HepB infection incidence rate of 0.6 % in Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, and 1.7% in the College of Education, (Technical), Lafiagi. The incidence rates of HepB burden in both institutions were low. Significant correlates were associated with HepB infection.Item Impacts of community pharmacists on self–medication management among rural dwellers, Kwara State Central, Nigeria(Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2013-06) Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Bello, Ibrahim KolawoleThe role of pharmacist has not only advanced from medication dispensing but also to direct patient care and pharmaceutical interventions aiming at enhancing the populace wellbeing. The objective of this research was to assess the impact of rural community pharmacist interventions on self-medications and disease prevalence among rural settings in the Kwara State Central, Nigeria. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in eight rural communities with a pre-piloted questionnaire. Data obtained from respondents were computed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 16 using descriptive analysis procedures, and relationships between variables were tested using the chi square. Respondents between the age of 40 and 50 years dominated with 42.3% and majority (88.1%) of the rural residents were illiterates. Farming was the major occupation of the respondents and survived on less than ten thousand naira Nigeria money ($63) per month. Among the combinations of drugs abused by the respondents, the regimen containing combination of prednisolone, diclofenac and paracetamol had the highest users. The least used combination was ibuprofen, diclofenac plus prednisolone. These combinations were taken twice daily by the majority participants. The most common reasons given for self-medications were osteoarthritis (31.1%), poverty (17.4%), general body pain (14.3%), inadequate of health facilities (4.6%), ignorance (4.3%) among others. The intervention offered by the pharmacists had reduced the mean systolic blood pressure significantly (P < 0.05) from 161 mmHg to 129 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure from 104 mmHg at baseline to 86 mmHg. Post intervention evaluation revealed the impact of the pharmacists, as the respondents with dyspepsia at baseline significantly (P < 0.05) reduced from 220 to 53 participants.Item Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Students in Public Tertiary Institution in North-Central Nigeria(Nigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Applied Science Research, 2019-09) Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Erah, Patrick OmonuaHepatitis C Virus (HCV) disease is one of the principal health burden in the developing countries especially sub-Saharan Africa. Prevalence rates of 4.3-20% have been reported in various parts of Nigeria. The main objective of this study was to determine the incidence of HCV infection among students in the North-Central Nigeria with the view to identifying risk behavioral factors associated with the incidence. The sera from each of the 202 students enrolled in the study were tested for the presence of anti-HCV using a rapid visual immunoassay kit. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to obtain information on demographic characteristics and risk factors for the virus infection from the studied subjects. Informed consent was sought from the students and ethical approval granted by the institution. The students (mean age: 18.21± 3.57 years; age range: 17–48 years; and mainly females: 57.4%) had HCV incidence rate of 1.98%. Male has a lower risk of being infected with HCV than female counterparts (1:3). There was no significant association between socio-demographic characteristics and HCV positivity. Of all the behavioral risk factors, only those with tattoo showed significant association with HCV (p < 0.009). It is concluded that the incidence of HCV in the study area was low and the use of body tattoo is a major risk factor.Item Knowledge of Health Consequences of Psychoactive Substance Use among Senior Secondary School Students(Dhaka Universitu Journal Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020-12) Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Ojieabu, Winifred A.; Arute, John E.; Tijani, Adebukola A.; Okunye, Lionel O.; Saka, Sule A.; Ojieabu, Christabel E.; Uzor, Philip F.; Akpotu, Mark O.; Eze, Uchenna I.H.The rate of psychoactive substance (PAS) use in the adolescent group is increasing around the world. Drug abuse has a negative impact on students’ education especially that of secondary school students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of psychoactive substance use and knowledge of the health consequences among secondary school students in Ogun State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 528 consenting students selected using random sampling method. Data obtained using a validated modified World Health Organization’s guidelines questionnaire were analyzed with SPSS 20, p-Value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Majority (78.8%) were within the age group 15-18 years, males were 61.4%. Alcohol (95.0%) ranked first of all the substances been consumed among the current PAS users. Age was highly significantly associated with PAS use. Average knowledge of health consequences of PAS use was 11.5%. There is need for continuous health educational intervention to boost the respondents’ knowledge about health consequences of uses of psychoactive substances.Item Pharmacokinetics In: Ozolua, R. I., Bafor, E. E., Eds. Handbook of Techniques in Experimental Pharmacology(Tertiary Education Trust Fund, TETF/UNI/BENIN/AMB/2014/01, Mindex Publishing Company Limited, Benin City, Nigeria, 2019) Erah, Patrick Omonua; Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Ganiyu, Kehinde A.; Ojieabu, Winifred AitalagbeItem Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus attending A Secondary Care Hospital in North Central Nigeria(Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, 2021-04) Aliyu, Fullaila Onozare; Olorunfemi, O.T; Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Jamiu, M.O.; Abdulazeez, Iyabo Fatimah; Williams, Felicia E.; Abdulbaki, M., Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a public health problem that is associated with adverse outcomes of kidney failure, diseases of the cardiovascular system and untimely death. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and to determine kidney staging on the basis of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values. One hundred and twenty (120) patients were recruited for the study (mean age 54.7 ±14.701). This study was a prospective cross sectional study among out-patients with Diabetes mellitus in north central Nigeria. A validated questionnaire was used to capture socio-demographics. Informed consent was obtained from each patient and blood samples were collected in an EDTA vacutainer, after which the blood samples were sent to PATHCARE diagnostic center, to determine the serum creatinine and eGFR levels. Most of the subjects were female (75.0%) while only 25.0% were males. More than one half(67.5%) of the subjects have Stage I, 21.7% have Stage 2, 7.5% were on Stage 3, 1.7% on Stage 4 and 1.7% of the subjects have Stage 5 kidney disease. The prevalence of CKD among the type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients studied was 10.8%. There is a need for studies with larger sample size. Routine eGFR assessment after 3 months in subjects with eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.7 m2 should be emphazisedItem Prevalence of Dyslipidemia, Drug Therapy Problems, and Medication Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in North Central Nigeria(Libyan International Medical University, Libya., 2024-02-16) Aliyu, Fullaila Onozare; Orimogunje, Timothy; Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Abdulbaki, M.; Jamiu, Muslim Olakunle; Ogaji, Ikoni J.Abstract Background Patients with diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of developing dyslipidemia, predisposing them to macro- and microvascular consequences such as coronary heart disease. Aim The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia, drug therapy problems (DTPs), and medication adherence in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in a tertiary hospital in North Central Nigeria. Method This study was a cross-sectional convenient sampling of eligible patients conducted in the General Outpatient Department of General Hospital, Ilorin, from March to May 2022. A validated questionnaire was administered to obtain all relevant information on sociodemographic information, and blood samples were collected in a medium plain heparinized tube and sent to the laboratory where fasting blood sugar, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values were calculated as appropriate. Morisky’s Medication Adherence Scale 8 (MMAS-8) was used to capture patient’s adherence level, and DTP was assessed using the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) Criteria version 7. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ministry of Health, Ilorin. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used to analyze the data collected for descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The mean age of the respondents was 60 0.7 years. Of the 60 respondents, 25 (41.67%) were males and 35 (58.33%) were females. All the respondents had dyslipidemia, 30% respondents were identified with a DTP of nonadherence, 16.7% needed additional drug/monitoring, dosage was too low in 11.7%, and 11.6% could not afford their medications due to high cost. In all, 45 (75%) respondents had poor sugar control and 33 (55%) had poor blood pressure control. Using MMAS-8, the majority (41, [68.30%]) of the respondents were found to have poor adherence to their diabetic medications. Conclusion High prevalence of dyslipidemia, poor medication adherence, and DTPs were found in the T2DM patients in this studyItem Prevalence of hypertension among fulani herdsmen in rural community of Nigeria(Bangladesh Journal of Medicine, 2016) Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Ojieabu, Winifred Aitalagbe; Bello, Ibrahim KolawoleIntroduction:Hypertension is progressively becoming more prevalent in Nigeria. The purpose of the study was to assess the risk factors and occurrence of hypertension among Fulani herdsmen in Nigeria. Methodology:A descriptive longitudinal study on hypertension was conducted among Fulani herdsmen residing in rural communities of Ilorin East and Moro Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Nigeria, from the age of 18 years and above. Eight hundred and seventy–two (872) consenting subjects completed a standardized questionnaire. Blood pressure, weight and height were measured and recorded using standard calibrated equipment. Results:Of the 872 herdsmen, 351 (40.3%) were aged 18–30 years and 632 (72.5%) migrated from the North–West zone of Nigeria. Almost all (n=858, 98.4%) of the subjects were ignorant of hypertension. Overweight and obesity were uncommon among the subjects. The occurrence of hypertension was 17.3% with overall average systolic blood pressure (BP) of 128.8±12.3 mmHg and diastolic BP of 84.0±8.0 mmHg. Risk factors of hypertension were types of diet [OR 0.578; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.113–11.418, p< 0.028], smoking habit [OR 5.147; CI: 1.023–25.884, p < 0.017] and age [OR 2.656; CI: 0.682–8.556, p < 0.031]. Conclusion: Majority of hypertensive herdsmen were not aware of their status, signifying a high incidence of undiagnosed and un-controlled BP among these subjects. Public health awareness on the risk factors of hypertension is essential to reduce the burden among this population. Further research is also necessary to measure the trends of hypertension among this populationItem Seroprevalence and Predictors for Hepatitis C Antibodies among Students in Tertiary Educational Institutions of Nigeria(Nigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research, 2020-12) Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Dayom, Wetkos; Abdulazeez, Fatimah Iyabode; Jamiu, Muslim Olakunle; Aliyu, Fullaila Onozare; Ashaolu, Fehintolu Tobi; Ibrahim, Ahmad IsmailHepatitis C (Hep.C) virus infection is highly prevalent with elevated undetected cases globally. The goals of this study were to evaluate seroprevalence and potential predictors associated with HepC antibodies among students in two tertiary educational institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria. Cross-sectional research was conducted with structured questionnaires on socio-demographics and potential predictors for HepC infection which were filled by the participants. Three millilitre of blood sample was collected from each participant to screen for anti-Hepatitis C Virus antibodies. In each tertiary educational institution, 166 participants were recruited. Ethical approval and informed consents were obtained. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. In both institutions, the majority of the participants (263, 79.2%) were within the ages of 21-25 years. One hundred and thirty-two (79.5%) and one hundred and thirty-one (78.9%) were within the ages of 21-25 years in the College of Education, Oro and Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin, respectively. Also, ninety-nine (59.6%) in the College of Education and ninety-five (57.2%) in Kwara State Polytechnic were females. Zero (0.0) and 0.6 percent seroprevalence of HepC virus infection were found among participants in the College of Education, Oro and Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin respectively. Also, none of the demographic, social and medical variables was significantly associated with the seroprevalence of HepC infection. The seroprevalence rates of HepC virus infection were low in the institutions studied. None of the risk factors was associated with HepC positivity.Item Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C infections among the University of Maiduguri community in Nigeria(Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Maiduguri, 2019-12) Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Yusuf, Hadiza; Babagana, M. Waziri; AbdulKadir AliyuItem TREND OF HBsAG SEROPREVALENCE AMONG BLOOD DONORS IN A NIGERIAN TEACHING HOSPITAL: A FIVE-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY(Malaysian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021-11) Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; OJIEABU, WINIFRED A.; OJIEABU, Christabel E.; MUKAILA, WASIU A.; ARUTE, JOHN; JAMES-EDWARDS, SIMEONWorld Health Organization (WHO) classified Nigeria as a hyper-endemic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive nation with prevalence ≥ 8%. This study intends to add information that could strengthen established database to improve awareness and prevention of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We aimed to evaluate seroprevalence and trend of HBsAg among blood donors in Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital (OOUTH), Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria over a five-year period. Data from records of 7,102 individuals aged ≥ 20 years old who donated blood to blood bank in this hospital from January 2012 to December 2016 were analysed for gender, age, number of donors per year and HBsAg status. Data analysis was done with Statistical Package for Social Sciences software. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Males were in the majority (6,547 [92.2%]). Age 30–39 years old was the major group (3,052 [43.0%]). Pooled HBsAg seroprevalence was 486 (6.8%). Females had the highest HBsAg seroprevalence across board with highest rate of 10 (19.6%) in year 2012 and pooled prevalence of 73 (13.2%). Age group of ≥ 50 years old had highest HBsAg seroprevalence 39 (8.5%) while age group of 20–29 years old had least 128 (5.8%). Stratified HBsAg positivity decreased steadily from year 2012 to year 2016. This location was HBV intermediate-endemic. There were age, gender and yearly seroprevalence of HBsAg related trends which could be leveraged upon in finding effective preventive measures against the disease. We recommend mass vaccination by government against HBV infection in addition to provision of sensitive blood investigational equipment.Item Viral Hepatitis B Infection among Undergraduate Students Accessing Health Services at Public Tertiary Institution in Kwara South, Nigeria(Journal of Basic and Social Pharmacy Research, 2019-11) Bello, Shakirat Iyabo; Williams, Felicia E.; Aliyu, Fullaila O.; Ojieabu, Winifred A.; Adewumi, Misitura A.Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been a major public health concern causing above a million deaths worldwide. The disease can be averted by employing relevant screening programs and effectual vaccines. Objectives: This research aimed to assess the occurrence and risk factors for infection of HBV among undergraduate students accessing health services at University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted between 15th February and 4th June, 2019. One hundred and eighty-one students were recruited and tested for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) with the use of Micropoint Diagnostics Kit, Nantong, China. A validated questionnaire was used to capture information on socio-demographics and risk factors for infection of HBV of the consenting volunteers. Ethical approval with number UIL/UHS/TW was obtained. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used to analyze the data collected for descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean age of the students was 19.21± 5.37 years with the majority being females 110 (60.8%). Ten students tested positive for HBV giving an incidence rate of 5.5%. The age of the students showed a significant association with HBV positivity. Use of injectable illicit drugs and sharing of utensils were the behavioural risk factors that correlated with HBV infection. Conclusion: The incidence rate of HBV disease was intermediate and the risk factors identified were age, use of injectable illicit drugs and sharing of utensils. Proper adherence to prevention and control measures coupled with efficient follow-up could decrease the occurrence of the disease.