Browsing by Author "Babatunde, A. S."
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Item Anticancer properties of Graviola (Annona muricata) : A Comprehensive Mechanistic Review(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2018) Rady, I.; Bloch, M. B.; Chamcheu, R. C. N.; Mbeumi, S. B.; Anwar, M. R.; Mohammed, H.; Babatunde, A. S.; Kuiate, J. R.; Noubisi, F. K.; El Sayed, K. A.; Whitfield, G. K.; Chamcheu, J.C.Graviola (Annona muricata) is a small deciduous tropical evergreen fruit tree, belonging to the Annonaceae family, and is widely grown and distributed in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The aerial parts of graviola have several functions: the fruits have been widely used as food confectionaries, while several preparations, especially decoctions of the bark, fruits, leaves, pericarp, seeds, and roots, have been extensively used in traditional medicine to treat multiple ailments including cancers by local communities in tropical Africa and South America. The reported therapeutic benefits of graviola against various human tumors and disease agents in in vitro culture and preclinical animal model systems are typically tested for their ability to specifically target the disease, while exerting little or no effect on normal cell viability. Over 212 phytochemical ingredients have been reported in graviola extracts prepared from different plant parts. The specific bioactive constituents responsible for the major anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and other health benefits of graviola include different classes of annonaceous acetogenins (metabolites and products of the polyketide pathway), alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols, and others. This review summarizes the current understanding of the anticancer effects of A. muricata and its constituents on diverse cancer types and disease states, as well as efficacy and safety concerns. It also includes discussion of our current understanding of possible mechanisms of action, with the hope of further stimulating the development of improved and affordable therapies for a variety of ailments.Item Determination of Haemoglobin Concentration of Prospective Voluntary Blood Donors using Digital Haemoglobinometer in North Central Nigeria(College of Health Sciences, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, 2020-06) Durotoye, I.A.; Salaudeen, A. G.; Babatunde, A. S.; Durowade, K. A.; Sanni, E. O; Akande, T. M.; Olawumi, H. O.; Musa, O. I.Haemoglobin estimation is one of the most important criteria in donor selection so as to safeguard the health of donors. To achieve this, reliable and cost-effective methods should be employed during blood donation drive. The aim of this study was to determine the haemoglobin concentration of voluntaryblood donors using digital haemoglobinometer. This study was a prospective, community based conducted in five tertiary institutions in Kwara and Kogi States. Blood samples were taking from consecutive male and female donors within the age of 15-63 years following blood donation campaign. Assessment of haemoglobin concentration was done using Diaspect haemoglobinometer. A total of 905 students and staff of five tertiary institutions participated in this study. The mean age of the respondents was 21.98±5.17 years and 96.3% were below 30 years of age. The mean, median, and standard deviation of heamoglobin level were 13.22, 13.20, and 1.62 g/dl respectively. Using the WHO haemoglobin cut –off value of 12.5g/dl for donor selection, about 64.1% of the prospective donor had haemoglobin value of greater. There was a statistically significant difference between haemoglobin level of male and female donors (p=0.001). This study revealed that 64% of blood donors had heamoglobin concentration greater than 12.5g/dl and were fit for blood donation. Students of tertiary institutions could therefore be encouraged for regular blood donation to meet WHO vision 2020 towards attaining 100% voluntary non-remunerated blood donorsItem Determination of Normal and Variant Hemoglobin using Capillary Electrophoresis among Voluntary Blood Donors in North Central Nigeria: Implications on Blood Transfusion Services(Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences - Omdurman Islamic University, 2021) Durotoye, I. A.; Salaudeen, A. G.; Sanni, E. O.; Babatunde, A. S.; Durowade, A. K.; Olawumi, H. O.; Akande, T. M.; Musa, O. I.Abstract Background: Voluntary non-remunerated blood donation is a strategy adopted by World Health Organization aimed at ensuring safety and adequacy of blood supply. Sub-Saharan Africa has a high prevalence of hemoglobin disorders and therefore needs to adopt stringent measures in donor selection to ensure safety for the recipient of blood transfusion. This study aimed to analyze normal and variant hemoglobin among voluntary blood donors. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 100 prospective blood donors including 55 (55%) males and 45 (45%) females, aged 18–34 years were recruited. Capillary electrophoresis using the Minicap system was used for determining the hemoglobin variants in alkaline buffer (PH 9.4). Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20 and p-value < 0.05 was considered as the level of significance Results: The mean age of the participants was 22.23 ± 3.3 SD years. The proportion of participants with genotype AA was 67 (67%), those with AS were 17 (22 %), while those with AC were 11 (11 %). While Hb A ≥ 90% was noted in 67 (67%) blood donors, Hb S was seen in 22 (22%) and Hb A2 > 3.5% in 57 (57%). Hb F > 2% was observed in 3% of the studied participants Conclusion: Variant hemoglobin is common among blood donors and this should be taken into consideration whenever blood is being crossmatched for recipients of blood transfusion. Data from this study will be useful in raising awareness and genetic counseling.Item Effect of Storage Condition on Chemical Properties of Japanese Quail and Chicken Eggs.(Animal Science Association of Nigeria., 2018) Chimezie, V. O.; Adeyemi, K. D.; Yusuff, A. T.; Alli, O. I.; Babatunde, A. S.Item Effects of 3-O-[6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(14)-β-D-canaropyranosyl]-17β-marsdenin on selected indices of cardiovascular diseases in mouse(Springer Nature, 2022-02) Adebayo, J. O.; Orire, A. B.; Gyebi, G.A.; Olorundare, O. E.; Babatunde, A. S.Some anticancer pregnane glycosides, e.g., 3-O-[6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-d-allopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-d-canaropyranosyl]-17β- marsdenin (3DMACM), have been isolated from Gongronema latifolium leaves which have not been evaluated for their effects on the cardiovascular system. Thus, this study was carried out to evaluate the effects of 3DMACM on selected indices of cardiovascular diseases in albino mice. Forty mice were randomly divided into four groups (ten mice each). Group A mice were orally administered 5% DMSO while mice in groups B, C, and D were orally administered 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/ kg body weight of the compound for 14 days, after which various indices of cardiovascular diseases were determined. The results revealed that the total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, very low density lipoprotein-, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations in the plasma and heart Na+- K+-ATPase activity were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) at the doses of 0.25 and 1 mg/kg body weight of the compound compared to controls. Also, atherogenic index, plasma LDH activity, and heart Mg2+- ATPase activity of the mice were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced at all doses of the compound compared to controls. Heart and plasma creatine kinase activities and heart Ca2+- Mg2+-ATPase activity of mice were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced at doses higher than 0.25 mg/kg body weight of the compound compared to controls. AST activities in the heart and plasma of mice were significantly increased (p < 0.05) at doses of 0.25 and 1 mg/kg body weight compared to controls. The results suggest that 3DMACM may not predispose subjects to atherosclerosis but may adversely affect cardiac muscle contraction/relaxation, especially at higher doses.Item Iloneoside, an antimalarial pregnane glycoside isolated from Gongronema latifolium leaf, potentiates the activity of chloroquine against multidrug resistant Plasmodium falciparum(Elsevier, 2022-03) Adebayo, J. O.; Ceravolo, I. P.; Gyebi, G.A.; Olorundare, O. E.; Babatunde, A. S.; Penna-Coutinho, J. P.; Koketsu, M.; Krettli, A. U.The rapid spread of drug resistant malaria parasites has necessitated the search for novel antimalarials and chemosensitizers capable of reversing drug resistance in the parasites. A number of studies have revealed the resistance reversal activities of pregnane glycosides and the antimalarial activity of a pregnane glycoside obtained from Gongronema species. However, the pregnane (2) and pregnane glycosides (1, 3–4) isolated from Gongronema latifolium leaf have not been evaluated for these activities. This study was therefore carried out to evaluate the antiplasmodial and chloroquine resistance reversal activities of a pregnane and three pregnane glycosides isolated from G. latifolium leaf in vitro. The compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against P. falciparum 3D7 (a chloroquine-sensitive strain) and P. falciparum W2 (a chloroquine-resistant clone) in vitro. The activities of chloroquine in separate combination with each of the compounds against P. falciparum W2 were also evaluated. Moreover, the interaction of the active compounds (1 and 4) with selected P. falciparum proteins (PfProteins) were evaluated in silico. The results revealed that only 1 and 4 were active against P. falciparum 3D7 and P. falciparum W2. Also, 2 and 3 did not exhibit chloroquine resistance reversal activity. Activity of chloroquine against P. falciparum W2 was potentiated by 1 by 3200% at concentrations higher than 0.625 μg/mL. Also, 1 and 4 demonstrated similar binding patterns and higher binding tendencies to the selected PfProteins compared to chloroquine. Thus, 1 (iloneoside) is an antimalarial pregnane glycoside which can potentiate the activity of chloroquine against multidrug resistant P. falciparum.Item Iloneoside, an antimalarial pregnane glycoside isolated from Gongronema latifolium leaf, potentiates the activity of chloroquine against multidrug resistant Plasmodium falciparum(Elsevier, 2022-03) Adebayo, J. O.; Ceravolo, I. P.; Gyebi, G.A.; Olorundare, O. E.; Babatunde, A. S.; Penna-Coutinho, J. P.; Koketsu, M.; Krettli, A. U.The rapid spread of drug resistant malaria parasites has necessitated the search for novel antimalarials and chemosensitizers capable of reversing drug resistance in the parasites. A number of studies have revealed the resistance reversal activities of pregnane glycosides and the antimalarial activity of a pregnane glycoside obtained from Gongronema species. However, the pregnane (2) and pregnane glycosides (1, 3–4) isolated from Gongronema latifolium leaf have not been evaluated for these activities. This study was therefore carried out to evaluate the antiplasmodial and chloroquine resistance reversal activities of a pregnane and three pregnane glycosides isolated from G. latifolium leaf in vitro. The compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against P. falciparum 3D7 (a chloroquine-sensitive strain) and P. falciparum W2 (a chloroquine-resistant clone) in vitro. The activities of chloroquine in separate combination with each of the compounds against P. falciparum W2 were also evaluated. Moreover, the interaction of the active compounds (1 and 4) with selected P. falciparum proteins (PfProteins) were evaluated in silico. The results revealed that only 1 and 4 were active against P. falciparum 3D7 and P. falciparum W2. Also, 2 and 3 did not exhibit chloroquine resistance reversal activity. Activity of chloroquine against P. falciparum W2 was potentiated by 1 by 3200% at concentrations higher than 0.625 μg/mL. Also, 1 and 4 demonstrated similar binding patterns and higher binding tendencies to the selected PfProteins compared to chloroquine. Thus, 1 (iloneoside) is an antimalarial pregnane glycoside which can potentiate the activity of chloroquine against multidrug resistant P. falciparum.Item Impact of Malaria Parasitaemia on Haematologic Parameters in Pregnant Women at Booking in Ilorin, Nigeria(Science Alert, 2009) Adesina, K.T.; Balogun, O.R.; Babatunde, A. S.; Sanni, M.A.; Fadeyi, A.; Aderibigbe, S.We determined the pattern of haematological parameters in malaria in pregnancy. Five hundred pregnant women who presented for booking in the antenatal clinic of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria were recruited. Their blood samples were analyzed for malaria parasites, MCV, MCHC and MCHC, WBC, absolute RBC count, platelet count, haemoglobin level and PCV. The prevalence of peripheral malaria parasitaemia at booking was 32.4%, out of which 46.9 and 53.1% had moderate and high parasite densities, respectively. Plasmodium falciparum was the only species identified. The MCHC was higher in malaria parasitaemia (34.28 g dL-1±1.72, p = 0.0452) while RBC was higher without parasitaemia (10.46x1012 L-1±1.30, p = 0.01). The WBC in women with high parasite density (7.02x109 L-1) was higher than the value in those with moderate parasite density (6.26x109 L-1) p = 0.03). Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infection in pregnancy is associated with higher MCHC; WBC increases with rise in the parasite density in Ilorin, Nigeria. A rise in MCHC and WBC in pregnancy may indicate malaria.Item Normal CD4+ Cell Count Range Amongst Healthy Nigerian Population In Ilorin,(International Association of Providers of AIDS Care., 2014) Afolabi, J. K.; Fadeyi, A; Desalu, O. O.; Durotoye, I. A.; Fawibe, A. E.; Adeboye, M. A. N.; Olawumi, H. O.; Babatunde, A. S.; Ernest, S. K.; Aderibigbe, S. A.; Saadu, R.; Salami, A. K.; Aboyeji, A. P.Background: For the establishment and monitoring of the immune status, CD4 count is critical. Objectives: To determine the CD4 count range of apparently healthy Nigerians resident in Ilorin and compare with the national value. Methods: An automated blood analyzer was used to determine the full blood count and CD4 count. The percentage of CD4 count was derived by using other variables. Results: Of the 1205 participants, the reference CD4 count (percentage of CD4) range for adult was 400 to 1288 cells/mm 3 (19%-48%) and for children was 582 to 3652 cells/mm 3 (17%-50%). CD4 count and percentage of CD4 were significantly (P 1⁄4 .001) higher in females than in males, and the CD4 count declined significantly with increasing age (r 1⁄4 .174, P .0001). The percentage of CD4 count shows less variation with age (r 1⁄4 .051, P 1⁄4 .076). Adult residents of Ilorin had significantly lower absolute mean CD4 count (808 + 260) than that of the national reference values of 847.0 + 307.0 cells/mm 3 (P 1⁄4 .001). Conclusion: We therefore advocate the use of CD4 count range derived in this study is lower than that of the national reference values.Item Pattern of Childhood Malignancies in Ilorin, Nigeria: Challenges and Strategies for Management in a Tertiary Health Institution.(Ibn Sina Trust, Bangladesh, A member of Bangladesh Journal Online, 2015) Babatunde, A. S.; Gobir, A. A.; Adeboye, M. A. N.; Adebayo-Oloko, A; Durotoye, I. A.Objective: The study was carried out to document the pattern of childhood malignant tumors which were diagnosed at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, and compare with previous reports from other parts of Nigeria and elsewhere and also highlight the challenges andbstrategies for effective management of these diseases in our environment. Methods: A ten year retrospective analysis of all cancers diagnosed in children below the age of 18 years at the study centre between January 2000 and December 2009 was carried out. Case folders of all children diagnosed with malignant tumors within the study period were retrieved from the Cancer Registry Department of the Hospital and were analyzed with respect to age, gender, morphological or histological type of malignancy, extent of disease, treatment modality, and survival outcome. Results: Ninety nine (99) children were diagnosed with various malignancies during the study period. Sixty seven (67; 67.7%) were boys and 32 (32.3%) were girls giving a male to female ratio of 2:1. There were 22 cases (22.2%) recorded in children aged below 4 years and 72 cases (72.7%) were diagnosed in children between 4 -14 years. Lymphomas were the most prevalent malignancies encountered accounting for 54 cases (54.5%), Burkitt’s lymphoma constituted 43 (79.6%) of all lymphoma cases. The distribution of the five foremost malignancies recorded were as follows: Burkitt’s lymphoma (43 cases), Nephroblastoma (10 cases), Retinoblastoma (8 cases), Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma (7 cases) and Acute leukaemias (5 cases). Other malignancies included Osteogenic sarcoma (5), Hodgkin’s lymphoma (4), and 2 cases each of primary liver cell carcinoma, neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and nasopharyngeal tumor. Conclusion: The distribution of the various childhood malignant tumors recorded in this study is similar to the pattern reported in previous studies from Nigeria and other countries. However, there appears to be a lower prevalence of leukemia recorded in this study compared to the earlier findings. The challenges which were identified in the diagnosis, management and overall outcome of our patients included limited number of diagnostic tools, late presentation in the hospital, high patient default rate, poverty, and shortage of chemotherapeutic drugs.Item Pattern of haemopoietic progenitor cells differentiation and differentiation enhancing effect of Telfairia occidentalis extract in irradiated guinea-pig(College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, 2021-12-31) Olatubosun, L. A.; Khalil, E. A. G.; Atunwa, S. A.; Olalere, F. D.; Lawal, S. A.; Ogunwale, K. A. T; Omokanye, K.; Babatunde, A. S.; AbdulRaheem, O. J.; Afolabi, O. O.; Bashir, A.; Lawal, I. K.Ionizing radiation is essentially considered a viable treatment modality for human malignancies. Acute and chronic toxicities with severe morbidity and mortality are well documented. Experimental and clinical approaches to correcting radiation haemopoietic syndrome deficiencies have focused on cytokine activity with same documented toxicities. Limited data is available on differentiation enhancing effects of plant extracts on haemopoietic progenitor cells following radiation injury. This study aimed to determine the potential haemopoietic progenitor cells differentiation effects of Telfairia occidentalis in irradiated guinea pigs. Bone marrow cells from irradiated guinea pigs were harvested and treated with varying concentrations of 0.313-100% of the extracts of the Telfairia occidentalis and the degree of differentiation of the cultured guinea-pig bone marrow haemopoietic stem cells determined. The concentration of the extract ranges from 0.313-100%. This showed Mean ± SD of 3.54±0.30, 0.18±0.01 and 0.88±0.05 for the extract treated, non-extract treated (-ve control) and GM-CSF (+ve control) treated culture plates respectively [p=0.000]. Extract concentrations corrected positively with differentiation of the cultured guinea-pig bone marrow haemopoietic stem cells at 'r' 0.835 [r= 0.812; p=0.001]. Conclusively, Telfairia occidentalis extract has positive differentiation enhancing effects on haemopoietic progenitor cells with deflection in favour of erythroid lineage.Item Pattern of haemopoietic progenitor cells differentiation and differentiation enhancing effect of Telfairia occidentalis extract in irradiated guinea-pig(College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, 2021-10) Olatubosun, L. O.; Khalil, E. A. G.; Atunwa, A.; Olalere, F. D.; Lawal, S. A.; Biliaminu, S. A.; Ogunwale, K. A. T; Omokanye, K.; Babatunde, A. S.; AbdulRaheem, O. J.; Afolabi, O. O.; Bashir, A.; Lawal, I. K.Ionizing radiation is essentially considered a viable treatment modality for human malignancies. Acute and chronic toxicities with severe morbidity and mortality are well documented. Experimental and clinical approaches to correcting radiation haemopoietic syndrome deficiencies have focused on cytokine activity with same documented toxici ties . Limited data is available on differentiation enhancing effects of plant extracts on haemopoietic progenitor cells following radiation injury. This study aimed to determine the potential haemopoietic progenitor cells differentiation effects of Telfairia occidentalis in irradiated guinea pigs. Bone marrow cells from irradiated guinea pigs were harvested and treated with varying concentrations of 0.313-100% of the extracts of the Telfairia occidentalis and the degree of differentiation of the cultured guinea-pig bone marrow haemopoietic stem cells determined. The concentration of the extract ranges from 0.313-100%. This showed Mean± SD of 3.54±0.30, 0.18±0.01 and 0.88±0.05 for the extract treated, non-extract treated (-ve control) and GM-CSF (+ve control) treated culture plates respectively [p=0.000].