Browsing by Author "Aiyelero, Oyeronke Medinat"

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    Analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the methanol leaf extract of Ficus ingens (Moraceae) in rodents.
    (Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria., 2009) Aiyelero, Oyeronke Medinat; Ibrahim, Zainab Gambo; Yaro, Abdullahi Hamza
    Ficus ingens is a medicinal plant used for haemorrhoids, in Borno State of Nigeria. In the present study, the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol leaf extract of Ficus ingens, (Miq.) Miq., (at doses of 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg i.p.) were evaluated using acetic acid- induced writhing test and hot plate in mice, and carragenan- induced paw oedema in rats. The extract at all doses tested significantly (P<0.001) inhibited acetic acid-induced writhing and also significantly (P<0.05) prolonged the reaction latency to pain thermally induced in mice by the hot plate. The extract at the doses (75, 150, and 300 mg/kg i.p.) tested afforded 61, 72, and 67% inhibition of paw oedema, respectively at the end of the third hour which implied that the extract inhibit the release of prostaglandins and lysosomal enzymes. The intraperitoneal median lethal dose (LD50) value in mice was 1131.4 mg/kg suggesting that the extract is relatively non-toxic at doses used. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins and tannins which might be responsible for the observed analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. This study showed that Ficus ingens possesses significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties in rodents which supported the folkloric claim for the use of the plant in the management of haemorrhoids.
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    Anti-inflammatory Activity of the Aqueous Leaf Extract and n-Butanol Fraction of Croton zambesicus Muell Arg.
    (Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, 2022-03) Ayanniyi, Rasheedat Oluwafunke; Ojuade, Fatimoh Idowu; Olumoh-Abdul, Hidayah Ayodeji; Aiyelero, Oyeronke Medinat; Fabunmi, O. A.
    Croton zambesicus Muell Arg. (Euphorbiaceace) is a plant indigenous to West Africa and has been found to be useful in management of chronic diseases including; hypertension diabetes mellitus and gastric ulcer. These diseases are deeply rooted in inflammation, the WHO has advocated for evaluation of herbal medicines with ameliorative potentials to promote the use of effective ones and discourage the use of toxic ethno medicines. Hence, the anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract and n-butanol fraction of Croton zambesicus were evaluated. The total phenolics and flavonoids, vitamin A, C and E content were determined using spectrophotometric analysis. Inflammation was achieved using carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model in rats. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 0.392 mg/g gallic acid equivalent and 0.149 mg/g quercetin equivalent respectively. The vitamin A, C and E concentration were found to be 0.13, 5.9 and 0.02 mg in 100 g of dried plant material, respectively. Administration of carrageenan significantly (p˂0.05) increased the hind paw sizes of the animals and the administration of both extracts significantly (p˂0.05) reduced hind paw edema in a non-dose dependent manner. At 180 minutes after the induction of inflammation, aqueous extract (100 mg/kg) and n-butanol fraction (5 mg/kg) of Croton zambesicus showed 70.53% and 57.89% inhibition of the hind paw edema. The result is comparable to the effect of diclofenac at 180 minutes with 73.68% inhibition. Results from this study shows the aqueous leaf extract of Croton zambesicus and n-butanol fraction has anti-inflammatory activity. This may be attributed to the presence of phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant compounds present in the leaf extract.
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    Anxiolytic and Antistress Potentials of Ethanol Stem-Bark Extract of Milicia Excelsa (Moraceae) in Mice
    (Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2023-04-25) Aiyelero, Oyeronke Medinat; Adeyemi, Issac Oluwole; Akinpelu, Lateef Abiola; Akanmu, Moses Atanda
    Milicia excelsa stem bark is applied in traditional medicine in some African societies, primarily as a tonic to rejuvenate the body after demanding episodes. However, there is a paucity of scientific evidence to support this usage. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the anxiolytic and anti-stress potentials of ethanol extract of the stem bark of Milicia excelsa (ESBME) in mice. The central nervous system inhibitory effect of the extract was determined using novelty-induced rearing, grooming, and locomotion behaviors while the anxiolytic effect was investigated by using a hole board and elevated plus maze (EPM) test models. The extract’s ability to alleviate the anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors triggered by acute restraint stress was evaluated with the use of EPM and tail suspension test respectively. The ESBME significantly (p<0.05) decreased the novelty-induced rearing, grooming, and locomotion behaviors indicating a central nervous system inhibitory effect. At 37.5 mg/kg, ESBME significantly (p<0.05) increased the number of head poking in the hole board test designating anxiolytic potential. Subsequently, the ESBME significantly (p<0.05) increased the percentage of open-arm entries and percentage open-arm duration as well as reducing the anxiety index on elevated plus Maze consistent with the antianxiety effect. The extract also significantly (p<0.05) alleviated the anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors triggered by acute restraint stress suggesting an anti- stress effect. In conclusion, ESBME possesses central nervous system inhibitory, anxiolytic, and anti-stress effects thereby providing scientific evidence to the ethnomedicinal claim of the plant as an anti-stress agent.
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    Phytochemical, Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Analysis of the Ethyl acetate Fraction of Paullinia pinata Leaf L. (Sapindaceae).
    (Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin., 2018) Aiyelero, Oyeronke Medinat; Salawu, Kayode Muritala; Yaro, Abdullahi Hamza; Enape, Ocholi Joseph; Usman, Shukurat Olasumbo
    Paullinia pinnata(Sapindaceae) is commonly called sweet gum (English). Traditionally various parts of P. pinnata is used in the management of various diseases including chronic arthritis rheumatic pain. Phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate fraction of P. Pinnata leaf showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinone, steroidal terpenoids and carbohydrates only and it was also observed to be non-toxic with LD50 of 1264.9 mg/kg. The fraction displayed significant analgesic activity (21.45, 35.62 and 92.70 % inhibition at 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight respectively) in the formalin induced pain model, whereas ketoprofen had a 28.32 % inhibition of pain. In acetic acid induced writhing model the fraction also displayed significant analgesic activity between 70.03 to 100 % inhibition of the contraction of the abdominal muscle and stretching of the hind limbs at a dose of 75 to 300 mg/kg body weight respectively, where ketoprofen had a 76.60 % inhibition. The fraction had significant anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan induced paw oedema model with maximum activity up to three hours (60.0 % at first hour, 47.47 % at second hour, 65.38 % at third hour and 63 % at fourth hour) at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight. The ethyl acetate fraction of P. Pinnata leaf poses significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.