Browsing by Author "Adimula, R. A."
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Item Combating Trafficking in Persons:Global response Viz a Viz the Nigerian experiment under NAPTIP Act, 2003(Department of Public Law, Faculty of Law, University of Jos, 2016) Adimula, R. A.INTRODUCTION Trafficking in human beign for sexual exploitation an forced unpaid labour consititute a growing International criminal enterprise of epidemic proportions. Trafficking in person is a significant transnational crime which explouts vulnerable victims. As increasing numbers of people move across borders in search of economic opportunities, traffickers make use of such opportunities to exploit individuals with empty promises of a better life. Victims are typically decieved or coerced into providing sexual services, forced labour or have their organs removed. Trafficking of men, women and children occurs in almost every country for almost every type of labour imaginable. Girls and women are trafficked into forced prostitution, domestic servitude, or sweatshops; trafficking children are forced to beg.Item Impact of Globalization on the Economic Security of African Countries(Department of Public Administration, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria., 2018) Shittu, Raji; Adimula, R. A.Globalization, both as a concept and process is very central to the development of nation-states in the contemporary international system having promoted massive movement of fund, goods and services across the globe from where states benefit. However, globalization has different effects on the participating states by giving economic security and financial prosperity to those who are able to compete favorably in the process while impoverishing other countries that are less competitive. This paper appraised the impact of globalization on the socio-economic development of African countries. Findings of the study, which was anchored on secondary data, were that globalization has lifted many African countries from shackle of absolute poverty and positively enhanced their efforts at achieving sustainable development. Conversely, the process has undermined development efforts in Africa due to many factors that included unjust global trade rules, weak technical know-how and dilapidated social infrastructure. It is concluded that though globalization has relatively enhanced the economic security of some African states that have the capacity to compete in the process, the development process in many African countries are largely threatened by stunted growth, protracted civil war and economic insecurity. In spite of its huge marginalization from the globalization process, Africa should not delink from the process because no nation can escape from it; especially within the contemporary Uni-polar neo-liberal world order that has inescapably coerced developing countries into the Globalization process. Africa should fix her dilapidated infrastructure and seek mutually rewarding trade relations with her development partners to guarantee sustainable development within the globalization process.Item In Search of Protection for Child's Right: A Diagnostic Appraisal of Child Brides in Africa(Faculty of Law, Kogi State University, Anyigba, 2012) Adimula, R. A.; Akintoye, D. O.INTRODUCTION Right is a universal phenomenon, and the emergence of human rights law In international sphere is one of the most significant developments that have taken place since the end of the Second World War. Amongst the world recognized rights are right to self determination, peace, general satisfactory of environment favourable to peoples development, and people's right to full sovereign over their natural resources; economic, social association. Others are minority rights and child's rights. In Africa, it is common to see many communities engaged in giving out their female children out in marriage without the brides consent. This practice is rife and forceful in nature. In this case, it is the parents that give consent and arrange the marriage rites and ceremonies. One important element in marriage, that is, "consent of the parties" is absent; this makes the marriage a "forced marriage". The parents or third parties give consent on behalf of, especially the child bride. Indeed, child bride is a form of forced marriage without respecting the right and dignity of the child. This paper therefore aims at analyzing the reasons for the child's brutality via undignified marriage, the paper further examines the consequence of a child marriage and child's right to either agree or disagree to marriage. Conclusion Is drawn on the legal effect of child marriage and solution proffer to the menace of child marriage.Item Indigenous Outcast: The Internally Displaced Persons experience in Serria Leone(Centre for Gender and Social Policy Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria., 2015) Adimula, R. A.Armed conflict and natural disaster (act of god) are two major causes of displacement. One of the the biggest direct consequences of armed conflict is the creation of refugees and Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) camps with poor living conditions and diverse Gender-Based Violence (GBV). The 1991 -2002 civil war in Sierra Leone left many indigenes homeless while several IDPs camps were created, notable among them was "Grafton" otherwise known as Amputees Camp. To protect the rights of the IDPs in Africa, some international instruments were putIn objectives of the study were to; examine the rights of IDPs in Africa, some international instruments were put in place . The objectives of the study were to: examine the rights of IDPs in Africa, investigate the extent of implementation of the international instrument and to evaluate GBV being faced by residents of Grafton Amputees Camp in Sierra Leone. The study adopted a descriptive survey design, with quantitative and qualitative tools to elicit data. The research instruments were structured interview and key informants interview guides. Snowballing sampling technique was used to identify actual displaced persons. The Findings of the study are that; both males and females faced GBV in Grafton Camp-there is discrimination against camp residents from host community; Government is not giving any support expected in camps for basic welfare of the IDPs. In conclusion, the absence of punishment for perpetrators of GBV made GBV survivors more vulnerable and the absence of penalty for non -compliance with international agreements on protection of Refugees and IDPs made violation thrive.Item Internal mechanisms as tools for conflict resolution: A case study on Share-Tsaragi, Nigeria(Acell Press Journal, 2021) Olademo, Oyeronke; Abubakre, Samiat Olúbùnmi; Adebisi, Aliy AbdulWahid; Fahm, AbdulGafar; Omotoye, R. W.; Ikibe, Solomon O.; Ibraheem, I. O.; Tijani, Y. O.; Adimula, R. A.Share and Tsaragi are twin communities in Kwara State, Nigeria, living harmoniously for centuries before a crisis on border issues erupted between them. This study argues that internal mechanisms that originate from the people's philosophy and culture are potent tools to sustain peaceful co-existence between them. The research designs are quantitative and qualitative and data were gathered from participant observations, questionnaires, and interviews. Findings show that government interventions have not been perfectly enforced, hence recurring conflicts. The study concludes that crises are imminent where population growth is without corresponding economic empowerment and socio-cultural integration among the people. Previous research efforts confirm that African conflicts often occur due to the combination of poverty and weak States and institutions. However, data from this research confirm that collaborations and consensus are potent tools to entrench peace in Share and Tsaragi communities.Item Internal mechanisms as tools for conflict resolution: A case study on Share-Tsaragi, Nigeria(Heliyon, 2021) Olademo, O. O.; Omotoye, R. W.; Ikibe, S. O.; Ibrahim, L. O.; Tijani, Y. O.; Abubakre, S. O.; Adebisi, A. A.; Aboyeji, A. J.; Fahm, A. O.; Adimula, R. A.Share and Tsaragi are twin communities in Kwara State, Nigeria, living harmoniously for centuries before a crisis on border issues erupted between them. This study argues that internal mechanisms that originate from the people's philosophy and culture are potent tools to sustain peaceful co-existence between them. The research designs are quantitative and qualitative and data were gathered from participant observations, questionnaires, and interviews. Findings show that government interventions have not been perfectly enforced, hence recurring conflicts. The study concludes that crises are imminent where population growth is without corresponding economic empowerment and socio-cultural integration among the people. Previous research efforts confirm that African conflicts often occur due to the combination of poverty and weak States and institutions. However, data from this research confirm that collaborations and consensus are potent tools to entrench peace in Share and Tsaragi communities.Item INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS ON THE PROTECTION OF REFUGEES AGAINST GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE IN AFRICA: A RECIPE FOR EFFECTIVENESS.(Department of Public and International Law, College of Law, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, 2016-08) Adimula, R. A.Displacement can occur as an incidence of natural disaster or by armed conflict. One of the biggest direct consequence of armed conflict is the creation of refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs,) resulting in the loss of access to land, property, jobs and traditional support structure. The high insecurity on camps is compounded by deplorable conditions and different types of Gender-Based Violence (GBV). The three specific forms of GBV faced by men and boys in conflict situations ore sex-selective massacre, forced recruitment, and sexual violence, while the forms of abuse and violence inflicted on women due to their gender include rape, gang rape, sexual slavery, forced marriage and incest. In protection of the Refugees from GBV, the United Nations has put in place International Agreements to which many notions are signatories, but the extent of compliance with the agreements remain in doubt. The focus of this paper therefore, is to highlight the major international agreements/instruments put in place to protect Refugees, and to evaluate their implementation status in Refugee camps in Africa and offer recommendations for effective implementation.Item Mining In Nigeria and its Implication on the Right of a Child(Faculty of Law, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria, 2017-01) Igbayiloye, O. B.; Adimula, R. A.Globalization, both as a concept and process is very central to the development of nation-states in the contemporary international system having promoted massive movement of fund, goods and services across the globe from where states benefit. However, globalization has different effects on the participating states by giving economic security and financial prosperity to those who are able to compete favorably in the process while impoverishing other countries that are less competitive. This paper appraised the impact of globalization on the socio-economic development of African countries. Findings of the study, which was anchored on secondary data, were that globalization has lifted many African countries from shackle of absolute poverty and positively enhanced their efforts at achieving sustainable development. Conversely, the process has undermined development efforts in Africa due to many factors that included unjust global trade rules, weak technical know-how and dilapidated social infrastructure. It is concluded that though globalization has relatively enhanced the economic security of some African states that have the capacity to compete in the process, the development process in many African countries are largely threatened by stunted growth, protracted civil war and economic insecurity. In spite of its huge marginalization from the globalization process, Africa should not delink from the process because no nation can escape from it; especially within the contemporary Uni-polar neo-liberal world order that has inescapably coerced developing countries into the Globalization process. Africa should fix her dilapidated infrastructure and seek mutually rewarding trade relations with her development partners to guarantee sustainable development within the globalization process.Item Multiple Taxation and its Effect on the Nigerian Telecommunications Sector(Kwara State University, Malete, Faculty of Law, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin and Nigerian Bar Association, Ilorin Branch, 2019) Ariyoosu, D. A.; Adimula, R. A.; Tifase, A. O.Item The other side of the coin- Dimensions, implications, explanations and control of female involvement in the perpetration of Gender based violence in Nigeria(2016) Olasehinde-Williams, O.; Adimula, R. A.Introduction The American Heritage Dictionary of English Language defines violence as "physical force exerted for the purpose ot violating, damaging, or abusing." Of particular interest to this paper, however, is the gender dimension ot violence, i.e. Gender-Based Violence (GBV). Gender-Based Violence (GBV) relers to crimes targeting specific groups of people primarily on account of their being females or males. More often than not, such crimes are inflicted by the male against the female. Indeed, researches show that females are three to six times more likely to experience sexual abuse than males (Pickup, 2011). Although it could also be because male victimisation is under-reported on account of its inconsistency with the cultural belief that men should be able to defend themselves (Kaur & Sokhey, 2011) Consequently, the term GBV is generally conceptualised as violence directed against women and girls primarily because they are females; and used interchangeably with the term Violence against Women. In the same vein, discussions on violation of human rights have, over the years, been coined to be synonymous with violence against women and this has become a global malaise. It is common to see and hear about women being violated in different facets of life by their male counterparts, be it their fathers, brothers, husbands or, for that matter, total strangers (Nnadi, 2012).Item Resolving the Share-Tsaragi Crises Through the Internal Mechanisms of Religion and Inter-Marriage(ALORE: Ilorin Journal of the Humanities, 2021) Olademo, O; Omotoye, R. W.; Ikibe, S. O.; Ibrahim, L. O.; Tijani, Y. O.; Aboyeji, A. J.; Abubakre, S. O.; Adebisi, A. A.; Fahm, A. O.; Adimula, R. A.Share and Tsaragi, two neighbouring communities in Kwara State, Nigeria, have not yet imbibed the culture of peaceful co-existence. There have been about six commissions/panels on the two communities' boundary dispute between 1976 and 2015, whose recommendations have either been rejected by warring parties or never implemented by the relevant authorities. The focus of this study is to examine how religion and inter-marriage could lead to lasting solution and reconciliatory measures to foster peace in the inter-communal conflict between the two communities, which have lingered for too long. The study was both descriptive and analytical. The primary sources of data collection were questionnaires, and structural interview, The Likert Scale was used to measure the response on all dimensions of 128 respondents selected, using a convenience sampling technique. Structural interviews and confidence building workshops were conducted with/for stakeholders in the two communities. Data analysis was done using SPSS software, simple percentage and descriptive analysis, respectively. The secondary sources focused on journals, textbooks and the internet relevant to the research topic. Two-key findings of the study are: lack of readiness by the two communities to imbibe genuine spirit of give and take and the viability of religion and inter-marriage as internal mechanism to resolve the crisis. This study is anchored on the territorial theory with three approaches bordering on proximity, interaction and territoriality in explaining why communities rage and wage wars over boundary or territory related matters.Item SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPLICATIONS OF SHARE-TSARAGI CRISES IN KWARA STATE FOR PEACEFUL CO-EXISTENCE IN NIGERIA(ACU JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES, 2023) Olademo, O. O.; Omotoye, W. R.; Ikibe, S. O.; Ibrahim, L. O.; Tijani, J.; Abubakre, S. O.; Adebisi, A. A.; Aboyeji, A. J.; Fahm, A. O.; Adimula, R. A.Share and Tsaragi are twin communities in Kwara State, Nigeria that had been living in harmonious coexistence, since the early nineteenth century before a crisis on land and border issues caused a volatile and tense situation between them. It is a general belief that conflict retards the progress and development of a community and whatever affects a part of an entity or a country affects the whole. The aim of this paper, therefore, is to examine the social-cultural implications of the Share- Tsaragi crises as a model for peaceful co-existence in Nigeria. The objectives are to: identify immediate and remote causes of the Share-Tsaragi crises; examine emanating socio-cultural implications of the crises; identify the cultural traits, habits, and beliefs of the Share-Tsaragi communities for the resolution of the crises and explore the resolution of the Share-Tsaragi crises as a model for peaceful co- existence among communities in Nigeria. Historical and Descriptive methods were adopted in the paper while data were gathered from participant observations, questionnaires, and structured interviews. Information was also elicited from textbooks, journals, internet surfing, and periodicals. The major findings of the study were that: the immediate causes of the Share-Tsaragi crises were land and border issues. The implication of the crises includes the destruction of life and properties, and the creation of mutual suspicion thereby negatively affecting existing unity, co- existence, social interaction, economic transactions, intermarriage, cultural exchange, and educational ventures. However, the crises did not affect the religious interactions of the two communities, acquiring and speaking of each other's language, inter-marriage to a certain extent, and obeying elders and constituted authorities, which have led to less severity of the conflicts and by extension the foundation upon which the peaceful resolution of the crises is hinged. Thus, identified factors to restore and entrench positive socio-cultural relations in Share- Tsaragi include religion, language, inter-marriage, and respect for elders. It was our conviction that these factors are plausible means of restoring positive socio- cultural relations in the two communities and serve as a model for other communities in Nigeria.Item Tax Education and Mobilization: A means to sustainable development in Nigeria(Faculty of Law, University of Ilorin, Ilorin., 2012) Olookoba, S. M.; Kareem, A. A.; Adimula, R. A.; Akintoye, A.INTRODUCTION. There are numerous ways by which government generate revenue to execute project for the benefit of the populace. One of the major ways and means by whcih this is done is through tax. In Nigeria, government has legislative powers to impose any form of tax at whatever rate it deems appropriate on its citizens. The tax at whatever rate it deems appropriate on its citizens. The essence and impact of taxation on any economy be it developed or developing cannot be over-emphasized. A country's tax system is one of the key instruments for sharing and transforming the economic development of the country. Tax is a compulsory extraction of money by the government for public purpose.