Assessment of serum protein profile in sickle cell disease
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Date
2024-10
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Publisher
Health & Research Journal
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Sickle Cell disease (SCD) is known to be caused by a mutation in the beta-globin gene of the hemoglobin that affects the
red blood cells (RBCs) and is passed down through generations. This study was carried out to determine the effect of sickling of RBC on
serum protein profile in SCD individuals.
Methods: A case-controlled study was carried out among 80 patients. They were forty-five sickle cell disease individuals (HbSS) attend
ing Children Specialist Hospital Ilorin and thirty-five healthy controls (HbAA). The levels of total protein and albumin were determined
spectrophotometrically and serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) was carried out using cellulose acetate electrophoresis.
Results: Significant hypoalbuminemia and hypergammaglobulinemia were observed in SCD groups compared with controls. A higher
proportion of the SCD group, 11(25%) had hypergammaglobulinemia and 21(49%) had hypoalbuminemia (P<0.05). Plasma protein
electrophoresis in SCD patients shows an intense colour at the gamma region which was not seen in control. There was a significant
relationship between the patterns of serum protein electrophoresis and the frequency of crisis.
Conclusions: Sickle cell disease crisis and other associated underlying conditions may be prevented early through assessment of serum
protein profile, especially SPE. Hypergammaglobulinemia and hypoalbuminemia may be associated with frequent episode of crisis.
Keywords: Serum protein, protein electrophoresis, sickle cell disease, Nigeria.
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Citation
Serum protein, protein electrophoresis, sickle cell disease, Nigeria.