Evaluation of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRS) Among In-Patients Admitted into the Adult Medical Wards of a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
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Date
2018-05
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pharmaceutical Research Development & Practice.
Abstract
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are considered as a major health problem among hospitalized patients.
The safety of many drugs currently in use clinically has been studied. However, their safety profiles may
not necessarily be universally applicable due to local environmental and genetic influences resulting in
differences in the incidence, pattern and severity of ADRs. The objective of this study was to determine
the magnitude and pattern of ADR events in the adult medical wards of the University of Ilorin Teaching
Hospital (UITH). A prospective descriptive study was conducted over a period of one year on all
admissions in the adult medical wards of the UITH. Data were extracted from daily ADRs reports from
March 2013 to February 2014. Extracted data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS version 20. A total of 2012 patients consisting of 910 males and 1102 females were admitted to, and assessed in the wards.
Fifty two (2.58%) patients with ADRs were detected and reported. 57.7% of reported ADRs cases were
patients admitted specifically due to an ADR and 42.3% occurred while on admission. Mostly implicated
classes of drugs were anti-inflammatory/analgesics (21.2%) and antidiabetics (15.4%). The most
commonly affected organ system was the central nervous system (40.4%). A pattern of ADRs in adults
was established and the magnitude for different drug classes was determined A need to establish a regular reporting program, assessment of knowledge levels of health workers, and incorporation of molecular methods to define/determine responsible allergens is also necessary to enhance safety in drug use.
Description
Keywords
Adverse drug reactions, Pharmacovigilance, Hypersensitivity reaction, Allergic patients