Phytochemical, Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Analysis of the Ethylacetate fraction of Paullinia pinnata leaf L. (Sapindaceae).
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Date
2018-05
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Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin
Abstract
Paullinia pinnata (Sapindaceae) is commonly called sweet gum (English). Traditionally various parts of P. pinnata is used in the management of various diseases including chronic arthritis rheumatic pain. Phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate fraction of P. Pinnata leaf showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinone, steroidal terpenoids and carbohydrates only and it was also observed to be non-toxic with LD50 of 1264.9 mg/kg. The fraction displayed significant analgesic activity (21.45, 35.62 and 92.70 % inhibition at 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight respectively) in the formalin induced pain model, whereas ketoprofen had a 28.32 % inhibition of pain. In acetic acid induced writhing model the fraction also displayed significant analgesic activity between 70.03 to 100 % inhibition of the contraction of the abdominal muscle and stretching of the hind limbs at a dose of 75 to 300 mg/kg body weight respectively, where ketoprofen had a 76.60 % inhibition. The fraction had significant anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan induced paw oedema model with maximum activity up to three hours (60.0 % at first hour, 47.47 % at second hour, 65.38 % at third hour and 63 % at fourth hour) at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight. The ethyl acetate fraction of P. Pinnata leaf poses significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Keywords
Paullinia pinnata, Acute toxicity, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic