Aqueous extract of Parkia biglobosa ameliorates risk markers of cardiometabolic diseases in spironolactone treated and high-salt fed Sprague-Dawley male rats
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Date
2022
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Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Lagos State, University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
Abstract
Objectives: The number of people with salt-sensitive hypertension and cardiometabolic diseases (CMD)
are increasing due to high-salt diet (HSD) consumption globally. Parkia biglobosa (PB), an African locust
bean tree, has been reported to have several cardiovascular protective properties but its ameliorative effects
on CMD are scarcely reported. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the effects of PB stem bark
aqueous extract on some risk markers of CMD in weanling male rats subjected to HSD and Spironolactone
(Sp) treatment.
Methods: Twenty-five weanling male rats (95-105 g) were divided into 5 groups: Group 1 (Control); Group
2 (untreated HSD) fed on normal chow and HSD (8% NaCl); Group 3 (HSD+Sp); Group 4 (HSD+PB);
Group 5 (HSD+Sp+PB) fed on HSD (8% NaCl) and received either 80 mg/kg of Sp or 400 mg/kg of PB and
both as treatment, respectively. After 6 weeks of treatment, blood andcardiac samples were collected from
each animal for biochemical analysis.
Results: Administration of both PB and Sp or only PB, significantly decreased the plasma or cardiac
adenosine deaminase (8.39 vs18.61 mg/dl; P< 0.05), xanthine oxidase (0.30 vs 0.70 mg/dl; P<0.05), Creactive
protein(30.07 vs 66.88 mg/dl; P<0.05), lipids (except high-density lipoprotein), uric acid (5.93 vs
8.51mg/dl; p< 0.05), sodium (122.60 vs141.38 mmol/l;P<0.05), and potassium (5.57 vs 7.83mmol/l;
P<0.05) concentrations. Contrarily, the plasma, as well as cardiac nitric oxide and endothelial nitric oxide
synthase, increased significantly by the same treatment (8.83 vs 4.48mg/100 mg tissue; P<0.05).
Conclusion: Parkia biglobosa or its administration with Spironolactone ameliorates associated-risk
markers of cardiometabolic disease which are triggered by a high salt diet.
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Keywords
Parkia biglobosa, High-salt diet, Spironolactone, Cardiometabolic diseases, Sprague- Dawley rats.
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