Comparative studies of constituents and antibacterial activities of leaf and fruit essential oils of Ocimium basilicum grown in north central Nigeria.
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Date
2013
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
International Scientific Organization
Abstract
Leaves and fruits (500g each) of Ocimum basilicum that were separately hydrodistilled, yielded 0.4 and 0.5% (v/w) of
the oils respectively. Analyses of the oils using GC and GC-MS showed that, bulk of the oils were constituted by oxygenated
monoterpenes. The principal constituents of the leaf and fruit oils were; linalool (61.7 and 62.9%), 1,8-cineole (17.2 and 18.7%),
borneol (8.5 and 6.4%), eugenol (5.7 and 5.4%) and α-caryophyllene (4.3 and 4.0%). With the predominance of linalool in the
oils, they are of linalool chemotypes. The antibacterial activities of the oils were evaluated on ten clinical bacterial isolates using
disc diffusion method. The oils were found to inhibit three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria. The bacteria
inhibited were Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella
pneumonia. Bacillus megaterium had the highest susceptibility with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.5 mg ml-1
.Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed resistance to the oils.
Description
Keywords
Linalool, 1- 8-cineole, β-pinene, α-caryophyllene, Gram-positive bacteria
Citation
Usman, L.A., Ismaeel, R.O., Zubair, M.F., Saliu, B.K., Olawore, N.O., Elelu, N. (2013) Comparative studies of constituents and antibacterial activities of leaf and fruit essential oils of Ocimium basilicum grown in north central Nigeria. International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, 3(2013):47-52.