Retrospective study of Canine Parvoviral Enteritis in Ilorin, North Central, Nigeria
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Date
2018
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Publisher
Nigeria Veterinary Research Institute
Abstract
One of the major diseases reducing dog population is Canine parvoviral enteritis (CPE) caused by canine parvovirus (CPV). This study was conducted to know the status of the disease among dog population in Ilorin, Kwara state which had no published data of CPE epidemiology. A retrospective study was carried out in the State Zonal Veterinary Clinic of Kwara State. A total of 4,000 clinical records were examined and a 10-year study involving clinical cases from March 2007 to February 2017 were considered. This study showed CPE prevalence of 6.4% in the 10-year study and it majorly affected puppies, unvaccinated dogs and dogs used for breeding purposes. CPE cases were high during the dry season (peaks at October and January) though it could also peak during the rainy season (July). Vaccinated dogs (8.6%; 9/105) were also found to come down with CPE. Intraspecies transmissions were also traced among dogs of the same household (35.2%; 37/105). It was also observed that the understanding of vaccination protocol for neonate and adult dogs post-infection is critical. Antibody titer testing can stand as a guide for vaccination against canine parvovirus.
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Keywords
Vaccine failure, Canine parvoviral enteritis, CPV 2 variants, Ilorin