FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES

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    COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR IN FORMAL AND INFORMAL RETAIL OUTLETS IN SOUTH-WEST NIGERIA
    (University of Ilorin, 2017) OLODO, HAMEEDAT BUKOLA
    Understanding the buying behaviour of consumers has been difficult for owners of retail outlets; it is therefore a subject of debate in existing literature because of its unpredictable nature. This study undertook a comparative analysis of factors influencing consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlet in South-west, Nigeria. The objectives were to: (i) examine the differences in the effect of cultural factors on consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlets; (ii) determine the different effects of social factors on consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlets; (iii) investigate the differences in the effect of demographic factors on consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlets; and (iv) examine the differences in the impact of psychological factors on the consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlets in South-west, Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design. The study population is infinite. Stratified sampling technique was employed. A sample of 580 consumer respondents was selected based on Godden model sample size determination formular for infinite population. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaire and analysed using ordered logistic regression and t-test of mean difference at 5% level of significance. The findings of the study were that: i. cultural factors have positive and significant effect on consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlets with wald of 66.02 and 28.28; with p<0.01 and p<0.01 respectively and the t-test calculated 10.9027 and tabulated 1.644854 show that there is significant difference in cultural factors in both retail outlets; ii. social factors have significant effect on consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlets with wald of 50.89 and 28.32; with p<0.01 and p<0.01 respectively and the t-test calculated 12.1258 and tabulated 1.644854 show that there is significant difference in social factors in both retail outlets; iii. demographic factors are significantly different in both formal and informal retail outlets with t-test calculated 12.2068 and tabulated 1.644854 and a positive significant effect on consumer buying behaviour in formal and informal retail outlets with wald of 41.22 and 22.90; with p<0.05 and p<0.01 respectively; and iv. psychological factors are significantly different in both formal and informal retail outlets with t-test calculated 12.4119 and tabulated 1.644854 and a positive significant effect on consumer buying behaviour in the formal and informal retail outlets with wald of 24.14 and 23.18; with p<0.01 and p<0.01 respectively. The study concluded that all the four factors influencing consumer buying behaviour have positive effects on consumer buying behaviour and they differ significantly in both formal and informal retail outlets. Therefore, the study recommended that retailers should include in their marketing plan, products that are favoured by cultural attributes and make available goods that are tailored towards individual social needs. Management should also take into cognizance the most important demographic and psychological factors as these create good impression in the minds of consumers and also influence their buying behaviour.
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    EFFECT OF CORPORATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED FOOD AND BEVERAGE FIRMS IN SOUTH -WEST NIGERIA
    (University of Ilorin, 2017) ASABI, OLUDELE MATTHEW
    Some firms have collapsed because of the complexity of the environment while others struggle for survival and eventually failed. The survival and continuity of business firms no longer depend solely on generic growth; hence, the need for other options for survival. This study examined the effect of corporate entrepreneurship on performance of selected food and beverages firms in South-west, Nigeria as an alternative option for survival. The objectives were to: (i) examine the effect of management support for corporate entrepreneurship on performance of selected food and beverage firms; (ii) examine the effect of the dimensions of corporate entrepreneurship on the performance of selected food and beverage firms; (iii) determine how corporate entrepreneurship orientations affect performance of selected food and beverage firms; and (iv) assess the influence of corporate entrepreneurship environment on performance of selected food and beverage firms in South-west, Nigeria. Survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised of twenty quoted companies as at 2014.A sample of six food and beverages firms with total staff strength of 10,543 were selected purposively on the basis of market value exceeding 150billion.. Corporate Entrepreneurship Assessment Instrument (CEAI) was adopted to obtain information from 371employees from the sampled firms. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to analyse the data. The findings of the study were that: i. management support for corporate entrepreneurship influenced performance of selected food and beverage firms in South-west, Nigeria with R-square = 0.664; β’s = 0.668; 0.191; -0.218; and 0.254 for employee innovation, employee proactive personality, employee autonomy, and internal locus of control respectively with p-value < 0.05. A unit increase in management support increased performance by 66.4%. Employee autonomy should be given a close attention. ii. corporate entrepreneurship dimensions have significant influence on performance of selected food and beverage firms in South-west, Nigeria with R = 0.744, R-square = 0.533; β’s = 0.160; 0.377; and 0 .283, p-value < 0.05 for Innovation, Proactiveness, and Strategic Renewal respectively; iii. corporate entrepreneurship orientations have significant effect on performance of selected food and beverage firms in South-west, Nigeria with R = 0.828, R-square = 0.683; β’s = 0.293;0.151; and 0 .139, p-value < 0.05 for Strategic Orientation, Growth Orientation and Resource Orientation respectively; and iv. there is significant influence of corporate entrepreneurship environment on performance of selected food and beverage firms in South-west, Nigeria with R = 0.716, R-square = 0.512; β’s = 0.216; 0.277 and 0.207, p-value ˃ 0.05 for Technological Opportunity, Environmental Complexity and demand for new product respectively. The study concluded that management support for corporate entrepreneurship, dimensions of corporate entrepreneurship, corporate entrepreneurship orientations and corporate entrepreneurship environment have significant effects on performance of selected food and beverage firms in Southwest, Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that, management should ensure support for employees’ innovation, internal locus of control and employees’ proactive personality of selected food and beverage firms.. Also, employees’ entrepreneurial orientations should be considered as appropriate construct to approach behavioural component of corporate entrepreneurship at the highest level of an organisation.
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    MARKETABILITY AND PERFORMANCE OF NON INTEREST BANKING SERVICES IN NORTH-WESTERN NIGERIA
    (UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2018) ABDUL, Falilat Ajoke
    The difficulty in gaining entrance into the Nigerian Banking industry by the Non-interest Banking (NIB) operations as a result of prominence of conventional banks and potentiality of stiff competition necessitates aggressive marketability of NIB products. Moreover the Nigerian banking system dominated by conventional banks warrant the need for convenient environment for the practice of NIB. The study examined marketability and performance of NIB operation in North-west Nigeria. The objectives were to: (i) examine the suitability of Nigerian banking environment for NIB; (ii) assess the relationship among the marketability variables of NIB; (iii) determine the effect of service quality on the satisfaction of NIB customers; (iv) examine the differences in marketability variables of NIB; and (v) examine the effect of marketability on performance of NIB in North-west Nigeria. The study adopted cross sectional design using Jaiz bank in the seven states of North-west Nigeria. Primary data were obtained through a structured questionnaire administered to 385 customers of Jaiz bank in the study area. The sample selection was purposive using Cochran model. Data were analyzed using Multiple Regression of ANOVA type at 0.005 level of significance. The findings of the study were that: i. Political, technological and socio-cultural environments of the North- west Nigerian banking system are significantly suitable for NIB operations; with p = 0.000, 0.016 and 0.002 and β = 0.440, 0.301 and 0.234 respectively; ii. acceptability and perception have significant relationship with affordability, r2 = 0.62, 0.84 and p =0.015, 0.000 respectively while awareness has insignificant relationship with acceptability, perception and affordability with p = 0.147, 0.212 and 0.153 respectively ; iii. service quality has significant effect on customers’ satisfaction having compliance, reliability and empathy with p = 0.000, 0.013 and 0.002 and β = 0.449, 0.241 and 0.312 respectively; iv. marketability of NIB is significantly different across selected cities having awareness, affordability, acceptability and perception with F = 6.563, 24.068, 25.340 and 28.162 ,with p = 0.000, 0.012. 0.000 and 0.010 respectively; and v. marketability affects performance with affordability and acceptability having significant positive effect on Jaiz bank performance with p = 0.000 and 0.013 ; and β= 0.537 and 0.408 respectively. The study concluded that NIB can survive well in the face of conventional bank with aggressive marketability. The study recommended that non-interest banks should carry out periodic environmental scanning to improve performance.
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    EVALUATION OF THE NIGERIAN STOCK MARKET EFFICIENCY IN THE PRE AND POST FINANCIAL MELTDOWN
    (UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2018-01) NAGERI, Kamaldeen Ibraheem
    The controversy surrounding the interaction between efficient stock market hypothesis and financial crisis suggests mixed results for the Nigerian stock market efficiency prior to the financial crisis. The study evaluated the Nigerian stock market efficiency in the pre and post financial meltdown. The objectives were to: (i) examine the efficiency form exhibited by the market before and after the meltdown; (ii) determine the risk-return relationship before and after the meltdown; (iii) examine the magnitude of volatility persistence before and after the meltdown; and (iv) investigate the impact of good or bad news on return volatility in the Nigerian stock market before and after the meltdown. The study employed ex-post facto research design and covers the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE). Secondary data obtained from the NSE were the weekly All Share Index structured into (January 2001-March 2008) pre, (April 2009-December 2016) post financial meltdown, while March 2008 till April 2009 is the meltdown event window. The data, based on market efficiency hypothesis, were subjected to variants of Generalised Auto-Regressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity models which capture heteroscedasticity and volatility clustering in the error term under Gausian, Student’t and Generalised error distributional assumptions. The findings of the study were that: (i) previous week return residual (α_i) pre = 0.275426, 0.362653, 0.311980; post = 0.263188, 0.251813, 0.251136 and previous week return variance (β_j) pre = 0.040516, 0.206215, 0.170131; post = 0.651247, 0.656755, 0.655032; p < 0.05, indicates that theNSE is significantly inefficient in the weak form during pre and post meltdown while the market is efficient in the semi strong form after the meltdown; (ii) the risk-return relationship is insignificantly negative during the pre and post meltdown with standard deviation (σ) pre = -0.919469, -0.294432, -0.252137; post = -0.120140, -0.032694, -0.111328; p> 0.05; (iii) the magnitude of volatility persistence is low (β_j+α_i = 0.315942, 0.568868, 0.482111) and dying very fast (ln⁡(0.5)/ln(α+β) = 0.601588, 1.228752, 0.950062) before the meltdown while volatility persistence is high (β_j+α_i = 0.914435, 0.908568, 0.906168) and dying very slowly (ln⁡(0.5)/ln(α+β) = 7.749086, 7.228902, 7.034845) after the meltdown. The return series revert to its mean in 1 and 7 weeks before and after the meltdown respectively; and (iv) the return volatility responded more to positive (good) news than negative (bad) news of the same magnitude before the meltdown (γ_i = 0.222173, -0.583358, -0.616583; p < 0.05) butinsignificantly responds more to negative (bad) news than positive (good) news of the same magnitude after the meltdown (γ_i = -0.033144, 0.078015, 0.047045; p > 0.05). The study concluded that information is irregular, not opened and unbalanced, leading to information asymmetry and the information environment of the NSE is unconducive and unattractive for shrewd investors. Therefore, the study recommended free flow of relevant securities information through the development and provision of latest and user friendly software application for stock information dissemination. Provision of on-line real time access to share price movement will enable investors make informed decision and also reduce insider trading in the market.
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    EFFECT OF CAPITAL FLIGHT ON DOMESTIC INVESTMENT IN NIGERIA
    (UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2018-01) ADEKUNLE, Ahmed Oluwatobi
    Domestic investment has been one of the perturbing and persistent macroeconomic issues affecting Nigeria for decades. Capital flight represents forgone domestic investment in productive capacity of any economy. Against this background, the study evaluates the effects of capital flight on domestic investment in Nigeria.The objectives were to: (i) investigate the economic variables influencing domestic investments in Nigeria; (ii) evaluate the specific effects of individual components of capital flight on domestic investments in Nigeria; (iii)examine the causal relationship between domestic investments and individual components of capital flight; and (iv) examine the combined effect of foreign direct investment, exchange rate and energy infrastructure on domestic investment in Nigeria. The underpining theory employed is the flexible accelerator theory. The study utilized time series design and annual data covering 37 years obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin and World Bank data base. Four models were used to capture its four specific objectives using Autoregressive Distributive Lag Model (ARDL) and Vector Error Correction (VEC) Granger causality estimate. The findings of the study were that: (i) capital flight (β = -0.22; p < 0.05), inflation (β = -11.36; p < 0.05), exchange rate (β = -0.09; p < 0.05) have negative influence on domestic investments while savings (β = 1.74; p < 0.05) has positive and significant influence on domestic investmentsin the long run. Cointegration exists among the variables with error correction coefficient 0.80; p = 0.0011 conforming to a priori expectation; (ii) changes in external debt (β = -0.04; p < 0.05), current account balance (β = -0.23; p < 0.05) and foreign direct investments (β = -0.15; p > 0.05) have negative effect on domestic investments in the short run and long run. However, external reserves (β = 0.41; p < 0.05) shows a positive and significant effect on domestic investment. The error correction coefficient estimate is 0.74; p = 0.0011, significant and conform to a priori expectation; (iii) domestic investment does not Granger-cause current account balance (chi-square = 0.47, p = 0.79). Furthermore, domestic investment does not Granger-cause change in external reserves (chi-square= 0.24, p = 0.88). There is a uni-directional relationship between change in external debt and domestic investment, which shows that external debt Granger-causes domestic investment at 0.05 level of significance; (iv) foreign direct investment (β = 1.89; p < 0.05), exchange rate (β = 0.03; p > 0.05) and infrastructure (β = 0.07; p > 0.05). The combined effect is 87%. The study concluded that capital flight, exchange rate and inflation influence domestic investment negatively both in the short and long run. Hence, the study recommended that the repatriation of fled capital can help boost the level of domestic investment in Nigeria. In addition, monitoring imported inflation through goods and services will result to less risk of depreciation in real value of domestic investment since low and stable inflation minimizes and stabilizes budgetary deficit and capital flight.
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    IMPACT OF ADVERTISING ON RURAL DWELLERS’ BUYING BEHAVIOUR OF SELECTED ANTI-MALARIA DRUGS IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
    (UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2018-02) BELLO, Kamal Asola
    Given the government control on drug manufacturing and advertisement in Nigeria, Capital Media has been the only body allowed to undertake advertisement of drugs on behalf of the manufactures. Incidentally, among the available means of advertisement, jingles, drumming and radio jingles are the most common in the rural areas especially on malaria and other diseases. However, because of the belief in traditional and local herbs, less attention is put to advertisement even with availability of radio. Therefore, the objectives of the study were to: (i) examine the effect of advertisement on awareness of anti-malaria drugs among rural dwellers in Kwara State; (ii) determine the impact of advertisement on the stimulation of interest on patronage of anti-malaria drugs; (iii) examine the effect of advertisement on the conviction towards buying anti-malaria drugs; and (iv) determine the effect of advertisement on buying behaviour of rural dwellers towards the purchase of anti-malaria drugs. The study employed survey design. The population of the study comprised of all rural dwellers in the sixteen local government areas of Kwara State. Convenience sampling technique was employed because of easy accessibility to respondents and a sample size of 400 respondents was selected for the study using Yamane model. The sample was proportionally distributed based on the population size of each local government area using Kumar model. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire. Factor analysis was used to condense the key variables while multiple regression analysis was used for the analysis of data obtained. The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study were that: i advertising jingles have significant effect on awareness of anti-malaria drugs by rural dwellers in Kwara State with simple and catchy jingles, funny jingles and jingles in local dialects having β1 = 0.228, β2 = 0.217 and β3 = 0.129 respectively with p < 0.05; ii simple and catchy jingles, funny jingles and jingles in local dialects have significant impact on stimulation of rural dwellers’ interest, with β1 = 0.279, β2 = 0.375 and β3 = 0.148 respectively and p < 0.05; iii advertising jingles have significant effect on the conviction towards buying anti-malaria drugs by rural dwellers in Kwara State with β1 = 0.181 and β3 = 0.110 for simple and catchy jingles and jingles in local dialects respectively having p < 0.05, while funny jingles does not (β2 = 0.103 and p > 0.05); and iv simple and catchy jingles and funny jingles have significant effect on buying behaviour of rural dwellers towards the purchase of anti-malaria drugs in Kwara State with β1 = 0.115 and β2 = 0.120 respectively having p < 0.05, while jingles in local dialects have inverse relationship with β3 = -0.010. The study concluded that advertising anti-malaria drugs through jingles has significant effect on buying behaviour of rural dwellers. The study recommended that companies producing anti-malaria drugs should intensify their efforts by investing more in advertisement through jingles to influence rural dwellers buying behaviour.
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    EFFECT OF BRAND ALLIANCE ON PURCHASE INTENTION OF SELECTED CONSUMABLE PRODUCTS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA
    (UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2018-02) ABINA, Musiliu Babatunde
    The value of a brand is critical to purchase intention. One way of creating value is through partnership between two or more organisations called brand alliance. Several marketing services linger on different sporting activities for endorsement through symbolic partnership in their advertisements. To what extent this improves the partnered brand’s performance and assist their general sales depend on the fans and the consumers. The study examined the effect of brand alliance on purchase intention of selected consumable products in terms of English Premier League (EPL) brands that has large fan base in Lagos, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to: (i) examine the effect of brand image fit on purchase intention of selected Nigerian consumable products; (ii) investigate the effect of brand equity fit on purchase intention of selected Nigerian consumable products; (iii) examine the effect of product fit on purchase intention of selected Nigerian consumable products; and (iv) examine the effect of brand alliance on consumer attitude of selected Nigerian consumable products. The study adopted a survey research design,with an infinite population comprising of fans of the EPL clubs partnered by the Nigerian consumable products (Amstel Malta, Chivita juice, and PZ products) in Lagos, Nigeria.Primary data were obtained through a structured questionnaire administered to 384 fansof the partnered EPL clubs in the five administrative divisions of Lagos State using purposive sampling and Cochran methods. Data analyses comprising ofFactor analysis, Ordered Logistic Regression and Structural Equation Modelwere employedto test the research hypotheses at 0.01and 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study were: i. brand consistency and brand complementarity in brand image fit are significant and positive with β1 = 0.320, β2 = 0.879; p<0.05 and p<0.01 respectively; ii. brand equity fit has positive significant effect on purchase intention with β1 = 0.747, β2 = 0.630, and β3 = 0.932; p<0.01 each; iii. endorsement of consumable products and complementarity of consumable products in product fit have positive significant effect on purchase intention with β1 = 0.620, β2 = 0.392with p<0.01 each; and iv. brand alliance, through consumer attitude, has positive significant effect on purchase intention with β1 = 0.910and p<0.01. The study concluded that brand alliance improved purchase intention of the studied consumables based on the attitude of consumers.The study therefore recommended that manufacturers of consumable products should assess the fit between potential brand partners in order to improve consumer purchase intention and the acceptability of their products.
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    STRATEGIC COST MANAGEMENT AND PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN LAGOS AND OGUN STATES, NIGERIA
    (UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2018-05) ADIGBOLE, Ezekiel Aiyenijo
    Rising cost of production has threatened the survival of manufacturing firms in Nigeria. These firms rely on the use of traditional approaches to managing costs most times. However, these approaches often failed to yield the desired results, especially in this contemporary time of intense competition and change in firms’ cost structure. This therefore makes it imperative for firms to implement costing strategies in order to remain competitive and profitable. Hence, this study examined the effect of strategic cost management on performance of selected manufacturing firms in Lagos and Ogun States. The objectives of this study were to: (i) examine the implementation of strategic cost management techniques by manufacturing firms; (ii) examine the influence of strategic cost management practices on accurate cost information; (iii) assess the impact of Activity–Based Costing (ABC), Activity– Based Management (ABM), Target Costing (TC) and Life Cycle Costing (LCC) practices on performance; (iv) examine the effect of customer value enhancement on performance; and (v) evaluate the impact of accountants’ competency on strategic cost management practices. Survey research design was employed. The population of the study consisted of three hundred and eighty five respondents (385), comprising accountants and internal auditors in seventy seven (77) listed manufacturing firms having head offices or factories in Lagos and Ogun States. The sample of the study consisted of three hundred and twenty five (325) respondents in sixty five (65) manufacturing firms selected randomly from the population. Primary data were collected through questionnaire administration. Data analysis was done using both descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling (partial least squares version). The findings of the study were that: (i) strategic cost management techniques are being implemented moderately in the sampled manufacturing firms (at a minimum average of 4.3 in 7 point scale); (ii) strategic cost management practices (activity–based costing, activity–based management and target costing) have positive effects on accurate cost information (β = 0.454, p < 0.01; β = 0.196, p < 0.05; β = 0.170, p < 0.10, respectively); (iii) ABC and ABM have positive effects on performance (β = 0.173; p < 0.10; β = 0.230, p < 0.05, respectively); while TC and LCC have insignificant effects on performance (β = 0.035; p > 0.10; β = 0.069, p > 0.10); (iv) customer value enhancement has positive effect on performance (β = 0.310, p < 0.01); and (v) accountants’ competency has positive impact on ABC, ABM and TC practices (β = 0.399, p < 0.01; β = 0.372, p < 0.01; β = 0.248, p < 0.05, respectively). The study concluded that strategic cost management practices are relevant for performance improvement; accessing accurate cost information and enhancing customer value. The study recommended that manufacturing firms should implement strategic cost management practices to improve their performance, secure accurate cost information and enhance customer value. Manufacturing firms should also invest in the training of their accountants with a view to improving their competency which eventually will enhance ABC, ABM and TC implementation.
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    DETERMINANTS OF INCOME TAX COMPLIANCE IN A SELF-ASSESSMENT SYSTEM IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
    (UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2018-05) SALAM, MUDATHIR OLANREWAJU
    Tax collection constitutes a major revenue source for any government to discharge its obligation to its citizens. However, loss of revenue resulting from noncompliance especially in a self-assessment system has been a major problem in Kwara State, Nigeria. This study was designed to examine the determinants of income tax compliance in a self-assessment tax system in Kwara State. The objectives were to: (i) determine the relationship between taxpayers’ knowledge and tax compliance; (ii) examine the effect of tax system structure on tax compliance; (iii) assess the effect of public governance quality on tax compliance; (iv) determine the relationship between public disclosure of taxpayers’ information and tax compliance; and (v) examine the effect of taxpayers’ financial constraint on tax compliance. Survey research design was adopted. The population consisted of 68,338 members of the Kwara State Artisans Congress. The respondents were stratified into 54 groups from which a sample size of 558 respondents was randomly selected. The study used primary data collected through a structured questionnaire administered to the respondents. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique was employed for model estimation and test of hypotheses. The findings of the study were that: i. tax knowledge has a significant positive relationship with tax compliance (β = 0.107, p<0.01); ii. there exists a significant negative effect of tax system structure on tax compliance (β = -0.152, p<0.05); iii. public governance quality has a significant positive effect on tax compliance (β = 0.169, p<0.05); iv. there exists a significant positive relationship between public disclosure of taxpayers’ information and tax compliance (β = 0.196, p<0.01); and v. taxpayers’ financial constraint has a significant negative effect on tax compliance (β = -0.296, p<0.01). The study concluded that tax knowledge, tax system structure, public governance quality, public disclosure of taxpayers’ information and taxpayers’ financial constraint determine tax compliance in a self-assessment system in Kwara State. The study therefore, recommended that Kwara State Government through the Kwara State Internal Revenue Service (KWIRS) should organise tax seminars to enhance taxpayers’ knowledge on tax matters. There is also the need to review the existing tax system structure by increasing the amount of fines and penalties to deter non-compliance; and improve on public governance quality by providing basic amenities and infrastructure. Kwara State Government through the KWIRS should also publicise the detailed information of tax defaulters to serve as deterrence. Finally, the Kwara State government should formulate economic policies that would improve economic activities which consequently would increase the income of taxpayers in the State.
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    DECISION-USEFULNESS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND NON-FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF QUOTED FIRMS IN NIGERIA
    (UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2018-06) ABOGUN, SEGUN
    Investors need information that enables them evaluate share prices and make decision on whether to buy, hold, or sell investments. However, lack of relevant and reliable information is one of the many problems facing investors in making investment decisions in developing economies. Therefore, this study examined the usefulness of financial statements and non-financial information of quoted firms in Nigeria from 1996 to 2015 for decision. The objectives were to: (i) examine the decision-usefulness of statement of comprehensive income; (ii) determine the decision-usefulness of statement of financial position; (iii) evaluate the decision-usefulness of statement of cash flows; (iv) investigate the decision-usefulness of non-financial information; (v) assess the impact of cap imposition on the decision-usefulness of financial statements; and (vi) evaluate the impact of accounting conservatism on the decision-usefulness of financial statements. The study employed quantitative research design. The population of the study consists of eighty six (86) firms which shares were quoted from 1996 to 2015. A cross sectional sample of forty six (46) firms were selected using Yamane formulae over twenty (20) years. Panel data were collected from secondary sources. The data were sourced from financial statements of selected quoted firms and the Nigerian Stock Exchange Factbooks. Based on Hausman test, panel regressions were estimated using the fixed effect technique. The findings of the study were that: (i) statement of comprehensive income (earnings per share β1 = 0.5929, p<0.01; accrual earnings β2 = 0.0007, p<0.05; dividend per share β3 = 7.7516, p<0.01; research & development β4 = 0.0245, p<0.05; human capital β5 = 0.0009, p<0.05; earnings growth β6 = 0.3865, p<0.1; lagged earnings β7 = 2.8471, p<0.10) was decision useful; (ii) statement of financial position (total assets β8 = -0.00002, p < 0.05; total liabilities β9 = 3.2000, p < 0.10; book value β10 = 0.9197, p < 0.01; lagged book value β11 = -0.1799, p < 0.01) was decision useful; (iii) statement of cash flows (cash flows from operations β12 = 0.00075, p < 0.10; lagged cash flow operation β13 = 0.00085, p < 0.05) was decision useful; (iv) non-financial information(β14 = 0.6248, p >0.05) was not decision useful; (v) cap imposition (β15= -37.210,p <0.05) had inverse relationship with the usefulness of financial statements for decision; and (vi) accounting conservatism (β16 = -7.643,p < 0.01) had negative effect on the usefulness of financial statements for decision. The study concluded that investment decision should be based on the strength of financial information. The study recommended that investors should fully use the information from financial statements for their investment decisions but exercise caution over the use of non-financial information.
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    EFFECT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY ON JOB CREATION
    (UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2018-08) OMOLUABI, Ehis Taiwo
    The increasing unemployment rate in Nigeria is redirecting the attention of government, unemployed graduates, and individuals towards entrepreneurial activity that engender job creation. Therefore, the study was design to;(i) examine the effect of entrepreneurial activity of new product on job creation in FCT, (ii) evaluate the effect of entrepreneurship activity of new method of production on job creation in FCT, (iii) determine the effect of entrepreneurship activity of new market on job creation in FCT, (iv) assess the influence of entrepreneurial activity of new sources of supply on job creation in FCT and (v) evaluate the effect of entrepreneurial activity of new organization on job creation in FCT choosing for the study. A total of 507 was the population of the registered small and medium scale enterprises in the FCT. A sample of 219 small business owners were selected using Krejice and Morgan.(1970)Questionnaires were administered to the managers of small and medium scale enterprises in FCT and 219 copies of the questionnaire were returned making 100% response rate. The sampling method was multi-stage. The techniques employed for data analysis include; correlation, descriptive analysis, multiple regression. The findings of the study were; i. The correlation analysis established a significant relationship between entrepreneurial activity and job creation with ( r= 0.370, p –value = 0.000) ii. The result of the regression shows that entrepreneurial activity of new method of production influence job creation in small and medium scale enterprise in FCT with an R2 of 0.363. iii. The regression result shows that entrepreneurial activity of new market has impact on job creation in Federal Capital Territory with r= (0.427). iv. The regression result equally shows that entrepreneurial activity of new sources of supply has impact with r2 value of 0.181 on job creation. v. The regression result also shows that entrepreneurial activityofnew organizationthrough the application of small and medium enterprises in FCT has impact on job creation with r2 value of 0.235. The study concludes that entrepreneurial activity has significant impact on job creation. This study therefore recommended that organization, individual, corporate body in the FCT should endeavor to engage in the practice of entrepreneurship that this will eventually contribute to job creation among the people of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). The study also recommends that the government should support the local entrepreneur whose production activities are in the villages of the FCT. This will help them to bring in their products to the main city of FCT. the study equally recommends that the government should help the entrepreneur in the FCT to structure their enterprises organization to small, medium, or big enterprises and check their machines bureaucratic, trained some willing entrepreneur to have professional knowledge of their enterprise in the FCT choosing for the study. This will help in the creation of job opportunity through the operations of SMEs in the FCT.
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    IMPACT OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ACADEMIC STAFF PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED UNIVERSITIES IN NORTH-CENTRAL, NIGERIA
    (UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, 2020-02) ADEBOLA, Damilare Emman
    The extent to which quality gaps in the graduates of Nigerian Universities is related to application of Total Quality Management (TQM) by Universities has been a subject of debate. The employability of graduates from Nigerian Universities has constituted a major concern to both private and public sectors. The controversies of curricula design, teaching, research, learning resources, student support, institutional vision and innovative practices has adversely affected graduate employability and productivity. Researchers have therefore devised various means to improve the quality of education without due considerations to indicators of Total Quality Management (TQM) through academic staff performance. The aim of the study was to examine the impact of Total Quality Management practices on academic staff performance in selected Universities in North-central, Nigeria. The objectives were to: (i) examine the effect of students focus on academic staff productivity; (ii) determine the relationship between continuous improvement and quality of teaching of academic staff; (iii) examine the impact of team work on academic staff research output; (iv) evaluate the impact of leadership commitment on community services; and (v) assess the impact of innovative practices on academic staff efficiency. The study employed survey design. A sample of 390 academic staff and 400 students were selected from population of 8,318 and 200,827 respectively. A total of 370 academic staff and 384 students returned their questionnaires, using multistage sampling technique from ten sampled public and private Universities in North-central, Nigeria. The fourteen Universities were made up of seven federal Universities, four state Universities and three private Universities. Primary data were collected through a validated structured questionnaire with Cronbach Alpha of 0.81. Data were analysed using regression analysis and correlation at 5% level of significance. The findings of the study were that: (i) elements of students focus have significant impact on academic staff productivity in North-central Universities. Student’s needs and expectation, satisfaction and feedback on quality of teaching were positively significant (β = 0.285, 0.267, and 0.371 respectively); (ii) continuous improvement components have significant relationship with quality of teaching of academic staff in the North-central Universities. Quality of tools, quality of product and process quality were significant except job resources (β = 0.358, 0.672, and 0.713 respectively); (iii) components of team work have significant impact on academic staff research output in North-central Universities. Employees involvement, engagement, participation were significant except work environment (β = 0.229, 0.153, and 0.482 respectively); (iv) leadership commitment metrics have significant impact on community services in North-central Universities. Implementation strategies, understanding of TQM, management support were significant except for reward and recognition (β = 0.046, 0.187, 0.346, 0.395 and 0.222 respectively); and (v) innovative practices have significant influence on academic staff efficiency in North-central Universities. Creativity, product focus and optimization were significant except for process focus (β = 0.982, 0.689, and 0.367 respectively). The study concluded that students focus, continuous improvement, leadership commitment, team work and innovative practices have positive effect on academic staff performance in the selected North-central Universities in Nigeria. The study recommended that job resources, work environment, process focus, reward and recognition be enhanced to improve academic staff performance.