Browsing by Author "Yaro, Abdullahi Hamza"
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Item Analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the methanol leaf extract of Ficus ingens (Moraceae) in rodents.(Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria., 2009) Aiyelero, Oyeronke Medinat; Ibrahim, Zainab Gambo; Yaro, Abdullahi HamzaFicus ingens is a medicinal plant used for haemorrhoids, in Borno State of Nigeria. In the present study, the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol leaf extract of Ficus ingens, (Miq.) Miq., (at doses of 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg i.p.) were evaluated using acetic acid- induced writhing test and hot plate in mice, and carragenan- induced paw oedema in rats. The extract at all doses tested significantly (P<0.001) inhibited acetic acid-induced writhing and also significantly (P<0.05) prolonged the reaction latency to pain thermally induced in mice by the hot plate. The extract at the doses (75, 150, and 300 mg/kg i.p.) tested afforded 61, 72, and 67% inhibition of paw oedema, respectively at the end of the third hour which implied that the extract inhibit the release of prostaglandins and lysosomal enzymes. The intraperitoneal median lethal dose (LD50) value in mice was 1131.4 mg/kg suggesting that the extract is relatively non-toxic at doses used. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins and tannins which might be responsible for the observed analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. This study showed that Ficus ingens possesses significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties in rodents which supported the folkloric claim for the use of the plant in the management of haemorrhoids.Item Phytochemical, Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Analysis of the Ethyl acetate Fraction of Paullinia pinata Leaf L. (Sapindaceae).(Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin., 2018) Aiyelero, Oyeronke Medinat; Salawu, Kayode Muritala; Yaro, Abdullahi Hamza; Enape, Ocholi Joseph; Usman, Shukurat OlasumboPaullinia pinnata(Sapindaceae) is commonly called sweet gum (English). Traditionally various parts of P. pinnata is used in the management of various diseases including chronic arthritis rheumatic pain. Phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate fraction of P. Pinnata leaf showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinone, steroidal terpenoids and carbohydrates only and it was also observed to be non-toxic with LD50 of 1264.9 mg/kg. The fraction displayed significant analgesic activity (21.45, 35.62 and 92.70 % inhibition at 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight respectively) in the formalin induced pain model, whereas ketoprofen had a 28.32 % inhibition of pain. In acetic acid induced writhing model the fraction also displayed significant analgesic activity between 70.03 to 100 % inhibition of the contraction of the abdominal muscle and stretching of the hind limbs at a dose of 75 to 300 mg/kg body weight respectively, where ketoprofen had a 76.60 % inhibition. The fraction had significant anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan induced paw oedema model with maximum activity up to three hours (60.0 % at first hour, 47.47 % at second hour, 65.38 % at third hour and 63 % at fourth hour) at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight. The ethyl acetate fraction of P. Pinnata leaf poses significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.