Browsing by Author "Wang, Y."
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Item Antibacterial Screening and Isolation of Compounds from Detarium microcarpum Stem Bark against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus(. Journal of Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 2020) Salawu, K.M.; Wang, Y.; Maharjan, R.; Ajaiyeoba, E.O.Purpose: Infectious diseases are leading cause of death globally and a primary cause of public health concern. The most worrisome aspect of microbial infection is the emergence of resistant strains of micro-organisms to commonly available antimicrobial agents. The emergences of resistant strains have added more pressure on the need to identify new agents that may be effective against resistant microbial strains. The focus of this study was to screen the crude extract and fractions of D. microcarpum stem bark for their antibacterial effects and isolate compounds with antibacterial activities. Methods: The stem bark of Detarium microcarpum was collected, authenticated, air dried, extracted into 70% methanol. The extract was fractionated successively into n-hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate. Concentrated extract and fractions were subjected to antibacterial assay using Microplate Alamar Blue Assay. Two compounds were isolated using column chromatographic techniques. The compounds were characterised using spectroscopic techniques and later subjected to antibacterial studies to determine their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results: The crude extract displayed weak antibacterial activity across the panel of test microorganisms while the fractions displayed antibacterial activity in order of decreasing polarity. Compounds isolated from dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions were identified as methyl gallate (compound 1) and catechin gallate (compound 2), respectively. Interestingly compounds 1 and 2 displayed anti-MRSA activity with compound 2 (MIC of 200 µg/mL) displayed anti-MRSA activity. Conclusion: Antibacterial and chromatographic analysis of D. microcarpum stem bark led to identification of compounds active against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Item A new ent-clerodane diterpene from Detarium microcarpum Guill. & Perr. and its protective potential for osteoporosis(2022) Irshad, R.; Kabbashi, A.S.A.; Salawu, K.M.; Cao, Y.G.; Fayaz, A.; Khan, F.A.; Choudhary, M.I.; Wang, Y.A new clerodane diterpene, named 6α-hydroxy-3,13E-clerodien-15-oic acid (1), together with a known clerodane diterpene (2), four known labdane diterpenes (3–6), a triterpenoid (7), a known steroid (8), and two benzenoid compounds (9 and 10) were isolated from Detarium microcarpum Guill. & Perr. The structures of all obtained compounds were determined by chemical properties and spectroscopic evidence, accompanied by comparisons with data in the literature. Electronic circular dichroism (ECD) was performed for compounds 1–4 to confirm the absolute configuration. Compounds 1–3 and 8–10 were evaluated for the protective effect on osteoblasts. Compound 1 was observed to increase the proliferation of dexamethasone (DEX)-treated MC3T3-E1 cells significantly at 1 μM, which was comparable with the positive control geniposide at 10 μM. The results were further confirmed by flow cytometry analysis. In addition, compound 1 increased the level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and mineralization in osteoblasts inhibited by DEX. Moreover, Compound 9 (vanillic acid) showed a pronounced inhibition (IC50 6.5 ± 0.6 μM) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and 10 (4-O-methyl gallic acid) showed a good inhibition with IC50 as 103.3 ± 2.2 μM, compared with the standard drug ibuprofen (IC50 54.2 ± 9.2 μM). Besides, compounds 1–3 and 8–10 were non-cytotoxic against MCF-7, NCI-H460, Hela, and BJ cell lines.Item Phytochemical Characterizations of Maranthes polyandra (Benth.) Prance.(Molecules, 2022) Ali, N.; Khan, F.A.; Salawu, K.M.; Irshad, R.; Jabeen, A.; Zhang, C.L.; Choudhary, M.I.; Liu, X.M.; Wang, Y.Two new ursane-type triterpenoids, named Polyanside A (1) and B (2), along with eleven known compounds (3–13), were isolated and elucidated from Maranthes polyandra (Benth.) Prance. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on chemical evidence and multiple spectroscopic data. Isolated compounds were evaluated for anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory activities, and cytotoxicity on a normal human cell line (BJ). None of them showed activity and cytotoxicity. The hexane fraction was analyzed by GC-MS, resulting in the identification of forty-one compounds. This is the first comprehensive study on the phytochemistry of M. polyandra.