Antibacterial Screening and Isolation of Compounds from Detarium microcarpum Stem Bark against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
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Date
2020
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
. Journal of Science and Practice of Pharmacy
Abstract
Purpose: Infectious diseases are leading cause of
death globally and a primary cause of public health
concern. The most worrisome aspect of microbial
infection is the emergence of resistant strains of
micro-organisms to commonly available
antimicrobial agents. The emergences of resistant
strains have added more pressure on the need to
identify new agents that may be effective against
resistant microbial strains. The focus of this study
was to screen the crude extract and fractions of D.
microcarpum stem bark for their antibacterial
effects and isolate compounds with antibacterial
activities.
Methods: The stem bark of Detarium microcarpum
was collected, authenticated, air dried, extracted into
70% methanol. The extract was fractionated
successively into n-hexane, dichloromethane and
ethyl acetate. Concentrated extract and fractions
were subjected to antibacterial assay using
Microplate Alamar Blue Assay. Two compounds
were isolated using column chromatographic
techniques. The compounds were characterised
using spectroscopic techniques and later subjected
to antibacterial studies to determine their minimum
inhibitory concentration (MIC).
Results: The crude extract displayed weak
antibacterial activity across the panel of test
microorganisms while the fractions displayed
antibacterial activity in order of decreasing polarity.
Compounds isolated from dichloromethane and
ethyl acetate fractions were identified as methyl
gallate (compound 1) and catechin gallate
(compound 2), respectively. Interestingly
compounds 1 and 2 displayed anti-MRSA activity
with compound 2 (MIC of 200 µg/mL) displayed
anti-MRSA activity.
Conclusion: Antibacterial and chromatographic
analysis of D. microcarpum stem bark led to
identification of compounds active against
methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Description
Keywords
: Detarium microcarpum, Antibacterial activity Methyl gallate, Catechin gallate