Browsing by Author "Udeze, A.O."
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Item ANTI-WEST NILE VIRUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN G AND M PROFILES OF PATIENTS WITH PYREXIA OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN IN ILORIN, NIGERIA(Society for Experimental Biology of Nigeria, 2022) Udeze, A.O.; Shittu, H.K.; Ashaka, O.S.; Jakkari, A.; Oyefolu, A.O.B.Item Basic Laboratory Practicals in Microbiology(Department of Microbiology, University of Ilorin., 2017) Olayemi, A.B.; Sani, A.; Oyeyiola, G.P.; Omojasola, P.F.; Kolawole, O.M.; Arekemase, M.O.; Ahmed, R.N.; Saliu, B.K.; Anibijuwon, I.I.; Sule, I.O.; Agbabiaka, T.O.; Adebisi, O.O.; Udeze, A.O.; Ahmed El-Imam, A.M.; Oke, M.A.; Kazeem, M.O.; Ajijolakewu, A.K.; Odebisi-Omokanye, M.B.; Laba, S.A.; Adetitun, D.O.; Gambari-Ambali, R.O.; Zakariyah, R.F.; Abioye, J.A.; Adam, A.I.; Olabanji, S.O.Item Basic Laboratory Practicals in Microbiology(Department of Microbiology, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, 2017) Olayemi, A.B.; Oyeyiola, G.P.; Omojasola, P.F.; Ahmed, R.N.; Saliu, B.K.; Anibijuwon, I.I.; Sule, I.O.; Agbabiaka, T.O.; Adebisi, O.O.; Udeze, A.O.; El-Imam, A.M.; Oke, M.O.; Kazeem, M.O.; Ajijolakewu, A.K.; Odebisi-Omokanye, M.B.; Laba, S.L.; Adetitun, D.O.; Gambari-Ambali, R.O.; Zakariyah, R.F.; Abioye, J.A.; Adam, A.I.; Olabanji, S.O.Item Comparative gender analysis of the seroprevalence of varicella zoster virus among HIV-infected individuals receiving care at Offa, north-central Nigeria(African Society for Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, 2023) Udeze, A.O.; Odebisi-Omokanye, M.Background: Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infections are common and contribute substantially to morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected patients. This study was conducted to determine the level of exposure, compare the gender distribution pattern and correlate with CD4 count, history of chicken pox and demographics among HIV patients. Methodology: Blood samples were collected from 273 randomly selected HIV-positive patients (93 males and 180 females) receiving care and management at the General Hospital Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria, between September 2019 and March 2020, after obtaining informed consent. Sera were separated from the blood samples and tested for the presence of VZV-specific IgG antibodies using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: The seroprevalence rate of VZV in the selected HIV patients was 76.9% (210/273), which was similar in both male (83.9%, 78/93) and female (73.3%, 132/180) patients (χ2=3.265, p=0.071). The seroprevalence rates of VZV in both male and female patients were significantly associated with marital status, occupational status, and CD4+ cell count (p<0.05), however, age group was not significantly associated with VZV seroprevalence in both male (χ2=8.014, p=0.155) and female (χ2=4.689, p=0.455) patients. The seroprevalence of VZV in males (32%) who reported history of chicken pox was about twice that of females (17.4%) (OR=2.235, 95% CI=1.162-4.302, p=0.023). Conclusion: The level of exposure of HIV-infected individuals to VZV in Offa, Nigeria is high and is similarly distributed in both male and female genders. However, more males with VZV exposure reported history of chicken pox (acute infection) than their female counterparts.Item Comparative prevalence level of plasmodium in freshmen (first year students) of Nnamdi Azikwe University in Awka, South-Eastern, Nigeria(Malaysian Society for Microbiology, 2009) Ibekwe, A.C.; Okonko, I.O.; Onunkwo, A.I.; Ogun, A.A.; Udeze, A.O.This study examines and reports the prevalence of plasmodium species between gender of freshmen (first year students) of Nnamdi Azikwe University, Akwa, South-Eastern, Nigeria. Blood film examination for malaria parasites in 200 (100.0%) freshmen; 82 (41.0%) males and 118 (59.0%) females was carried out over a 6-month period. Microscopic examinations of both thick and thin blood films techniques were employed for this study. A high malaria parasite prevalence rate of 80% was noted in these subjects. Of the 200 samples examined, 160 (80.0%) were Plasmodium-positive. There was a female preponderance (F/M 2:1). A higher Plasmodium prevalence was recorded amongst females 102 (86.4%) than in the males 58 (70.7%) and there was no significant increase in malaria infection rate in any particular sex (P=0.05). Plasmodium falciparum was the most prevalent of all the other species. This study also shows that a good percentage of people were infested by malaria with P. falciparum [134 (83.8%)] being the most prevalent species, followed by P. malariae [14 (8.9%)], P. vivax [8 (5.0%)] and P. ovale [4 (2.5%)]. P. ovale was only found among the female subjects and none was found among the male subjects. The findings of this study are of a practical impact, with female subjects having the highest proportion of parasitic contamination. The higher prevalence of malaria Plasmodium found in this study could be attributed to the stagnant drainage systems in the University, which created favorable environmental conditions for the breeding of mosquitoes that act as vectors of malaria parasites and so this enhances the proliferation of the Plasmodium. It could also be attributed to the effect of climatic features on vector breeding and transmission. Wet season usually promote mosquito breeding. Also, the prevalence of P. falciparum could be attributed to its ability to resist attack of most drugs that are commonly in use in the study area. However, there should be a high index for the needs to take appropriate measures aimed at preventing malaria by intensifying efforts in mosquitoes eradication program through operation roll back malaria in Africa, especially in NigeriaItem Hepatitis B and C seropositivity in a cohort of HIV-positive patients in Ilorin, North-central Nigeria(Nigerian Journal of Microbiology, 2015) Udeze, A.O.; Ali, U.M.; Adeoye, P.A.; Odugbesi, A.E.; Sule, W.F.; Okonko, I.O.Item Hepatitis B surface antigenaemia and risk factors of transmission among apparently healthy students of University of Ilorin, Ilorin-Nigeria(College of Natural and Applied Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, 2012) Udeze, A.O.; Aliyu, A.S.; Kolawole, O.M.; Okonko, I.O.; Sule, W.F.; Akanbi, K.This study aimed at determining the prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigenaemia among first year students of University of Ilorin, Ilorin Nigeria. A total of 200 students (119 males and 81 females: ages 16 to 40 years), who consented voluntarily after thorough explanation of the purpose of the study, were selected. The sera of the participants were tested for the presence of HBsAg by parallel diagnostic method using Diaspot® HBsAg test kit and Smart CheckTM HBsAg device. Of the 200 samples tested, 18 (9.0%) were HBsAg positive. The result also showed that 13 (10.9%) out of the 119 males were positive, while 5 (6.2%) out of the 81 females were positive. Analysis of the results by age groups showed that subjects ≤20 years had a prevalence of 9.8%, subjects of age range 21-30 years had a prevalence of 8.1% while subjects of age range 31-40 years had zero prevalence. Analysis of the results according to the risk factors of transmission showed that subjects who reported circumcision only had a prevalence of 7.4%, while subjects who reported history of medical operation and blood transfusion had a prevalence of 10.0%. Among subjects who reported HBV vaccination only, prevalence of 8.3% was recorded, while 12.5% prevalence was recorded for subjects who reported a combination of circumcision, medical operation and blood transfusion. This study however confirmed the presence of Hepatitis B surface antigenaemia among apparently healthy first year students of the University of Ilorin. General surveillance, mass immunization and public health education to stop the spread of the infection on campus and indeed the whole society is advocated.Item High Burden of On-Going HSV-1 and -2 Infections in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals in a Secondary Healthcare Facility in Imo State, Nigeria(Nigerian Society for Microbiology, 2019) Udeze, A.O.; Adeoti, O.T.; Ogunrinola, O.T.; Sule, W.F.Item High seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus infection among pregnant women in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria(Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin. Ilorin, Nigeria, 2017) Odebisi-Omokanye, M.B.; Udeze, A.O.; AbdulRaheem, A.A.; AbdulRazaq, N.E.; Afolabi, L.M.; Yusuf, A.A.Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an important public health problem worldwide and has been shown to be an important aetiological agent of intrauterine infection in pregnant women that results into congenital malformations such as cerebral palsy, blindness and sensor neural loss. This study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of human cytomegalovirus among pregnant women in Kwara State. Two hundred and twenty five (255) blood samples were collected from pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in two selected state Hospitals in Kwara State. Serum obtained from the blood samples were examined for the presence of CMV IgM and IgG antibodies by ELISA method. Out of the 225 pregnant women tested, 221 (98.2%) and 56 (24.9%) were CMV IgG and IgM positive, respectively. A significant statistical relation was observed between CMV IgG seropositivity and gestational age, occupation and marriage type, while the age, parity and gestational age were significantly associated with CMV IgM seropositivity. This extremely high level of CMV infection among these pregnant women as observed in this study indicates that the virus is prevalent in the study area. It is therefore imperative to implement a routine CMV infection screening in pregnant women within the State and also need for vaccination in order to prevent birthing of children with avoidable birth defectsItem Laboratory Practicals in Microbiology(Department of Microbiology, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, 2018) Olayemi, A.B.; Sani, A.; Oyeyiola, G.P.; Omojasola, P.F.; Kolawole, O.M.; Ahmed, R.N.; Saliu, B.K.; Anibijuwon, I.I.; Sule, I.O.; Agbabiaka, T.O.; Adebisi, O.O.; Udeze, A.O.; El-Imam, A.M.; Oke, M.O.; Kazeem, M.O.; Ajijolakewu, A.K.; Odebisi-Omokanye, M.B.; Laba, S.L.; Adetitun, D.O.; Gambari-Ambali, R.O.; Zakariyah, R.F.; Abioye, J.A.; Adam, A.I.; Olabanji, S.O.Item Prevalence of enteric Adenovirus among diarrheic children less than five years in Children’s Specialist Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria(Society for Experimental Biology of Nigeria, 2022) Odebisi-Omokanye, M.B.; Udeze, A.O.; Akinfaye, O.D.; Agbaje, S.T.Acute infective gastroenteritis is a major global health problem with children under 5 years of age being predominantly susceptible. Adenoviruses, mainly enteric adenoviruses (EAds) type 40 (Ad40) and type 41(Ad41), have been implicated in causing acute and severe diarrhea in young children worldwide. This study was therefore conducted to elucidate the prevalence and epidemiological features of enteric adenovirus in children aged 0-5 years being managed for acute diarrhea in Children’s Specialist Hospital Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria where there is little or no information on its prevalence. A total of one hundred and eighty-eight diarrheic stool samples were obtained and screened for the presence of adenoviruses using monoclonal antibody-based Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA), (Cortez Diagnostics INC., USA). The results were statistically analysed (Chi-Square and P-value) using descriptive Cross Tab Pearson’s Statistical Method. Adenovirus antigen was detected in 23.4% (44/188) of the diarrheic stool samples. Among the infected patients, children < 2 years old were more vulnerable to enteric adenovirus infection, with the peak infection occurring between 7-12 months of age (28.2% prevalence rate). Also, male children had a higher incidence rate of 13.8% while the female had an incident rate of 9.6%. There was a significant association between marital status (p=0.04) and occupation (p=0.02) of the parent or guardian of the children and adenovirus infection. The findings from this study suggest that adenoviruses are important etiologic agents of diarrhoea in children within Ilorin Metropolis, thusthere is an urgent need for proper diagnosis of adenovirus among children with symptoms of diarrhoea.Item Prevalence of malaria plasmodium in Abeokuta, Nigeria(Malaysian Society for Microbiology, 2009) Okonko, I.O.; Soleye, F.A.; Amusan, T.A.; Ogun, A.A.; Udeze, A.O.; Nkang, A.O.; Ejembi, J.; Faleye, T.O.C.This study reports the prevalence of malaria caused by plasmodium between genders in Abeokuta, the capital city of Ogun State located in the forest zone of southwestern Nigeria between January 2002 and December 2004. Blood film examination for malaria parasites in 708 patients; 366 males and 342 females. Microscopic examination of thick films techniques was employed for this study. Of the 708 (100%) patients examined, 577 (81.5%) were Plasmodium-positive. A high malaria parasite prevalence rate of 81.5% was noted in this study. Female subjects were more infected (42.4%) than males (41.9%) however, there was no significant difference in the sex of the subjects studied (p=0.05). A high malaria parasite prevalence rate of 86.9% was noted in samples collected in year 2003 than in other years studied. There was significant difference in the years under study (p=0.05). This study shows that a good percentage of people were infested by malaria Plasmodium. This could be attributed to lack of adequate accommodation and poor sanitary conditions in the area under study. Although several efforts have been made to effectively control the high incidence of malaria in Nigeria, these have been largely unsuccessful due to a number of reasons such as irrigated urban agriculture which can be the malaria vector’s breeding ground in the city, stagnant gutters and swamps in our environment where mosquitoes breed in millions, and lack of political will and commitment of the government in its disease management program, low awareness of the magnitude of malaria problem, poor health practices by individuals and communities and resistance to drugs. Therefore, future interventions in Nigeria should be directed toward controlling malaria in the context of a moderate transmission setting; thus, large-scale distribution of insecticide-treated nets or widespread use of indoor residual spraying may be less cost-effective than enhanced surveillance with effective case management or focused larval control.Item Screening of immunoglobulin G antibodies against Chikungunya virus among urban population in Ilorin Nigeria(Nigerian Veterinary Medical Association (NVMA), 2019) Udeze, A.O.; Odebisi-Omokanye, B.M.; Onoja, A.B.; Daodu, D.M.; Olasomi, O.J.Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne viral disease which is becoming a serious global public health problem. The principal vector in many parts of Africa is Aedes species. There are recent reports of CHIKV importation into Europe, Asia and America by travelers returning from west and central Africa. Yet, there is scanty information from the guinea savannah region of Nigeria. This study determined previous exposure to CHIKV in the urban population. It is a cross-sectional study involving 89 participants enrolled from three hospitals in Ilorin, Kwara State. A qualitative Chikungunya Enzyme Linked Immunoassay kit was used to detect IgG antibodies. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22. Statistically significant level was p≤0.05. Out of the study participants, 24.7% were previously exposed to CHIKV. Age group 31-40years had highest proportion while children under 10years had least IgG level. In this study, we found Chikungunya to be endemic in Ilorin Nigeria. There is need for sustained surveillance, to determine spatio-temporal epidemiology of CHIKV. Efforts should be poised to strengthen vector control measures.Item Sero-Epidemiological Study of Hepatitis B and C Viruses among HIV-Positive Individuals Attending State Hospital Asaba, Nigeria(Faculty of Natural Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Nigeria, 2017) Udeze, A.O.; Ubamadu, U.P.; Olayemi, O.E.; Ajogbeje, O.O.Item Serosurvey of Herpes simplex virus type-2 infection among HIV infected individuals accessing a secondary health care facility in Kwara State, North Central Nigeria.(Faculties of Life and Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, 2017) Odebisi-Omokanye, M.B.; Udeze, A.O.; Akanbi, K.; Jimoh, N.K.; Imam, M.A.Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a commonly opportunistic infection among HIV seropositive subjects and acts synergistically with HIV to accelerate disease progression. This is across sectional, Hospital-based study designed to determine the prevalence of HSV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies among HIV-1infected individuals accessing the HAART Clinic of General Hospital Offa, Kwara State Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from consenting 276 (age range 11-70; mean age of 36.8 years) HIV-1 infected individuals after collecting pertinent socio-demographic data using questionnaires. The blood was separated into plasma and packed cells. The former was tested for the presence of anti- HSV-2 IgM and IgG using ELISA test kits from Diagnostic Automation INC., USA. Data were analyzed using Chi square test with SPSS version 21 software and the level of significance was determined to be P < 0.05.Out of 276 samples tested, 116 (42.0%) and 39 (14.1%) were respectively positive for HSV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies. These respectively represent latent and active HSV-2 infections. Gender, occupation and clinical state of the subjects were the main correlates of IgM serpositivity while gender, occupation, marital status and CD4+ count correlates with IgG seropositivity. The prevalence of anti-HSV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies in this cohort of HIV-infected individuals is high. There is therefore the need for routine test for HSV-2 infection among HIV infected individuals to determine the extent of infection and proper management especially the active infections