Browsing by Author "Toye, A.A."
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Item The effects of addition of moringa leaf waste fibre on proximate and sensory characteristics of cookies(Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ilorin, 2013) Otunola, G.A.; Arise, A.K.; Sola-Ojo, F.L.; Nmom, I,O.; Toye, A.A.The effects of incorporation of Moringa leaf fibre (a by-product of leaf processing which contains 24% Crude Fibre by dry weight at 0, 5 and 10 % substitution of wheat flour in cookies was investigated. Three products containing wheat flour: Moringa leaf fibre ratios of 100:0, 95:5, and 90:10 respectively were prepared, and a commercial cookie was used as a standard. Proximate composition of each of the products was determined and sensory evaluation of the cookies was performed on a 7-point hedonic scale (with the standard commercial cookie as control) using a 20man sensory panel. There was no significant (P< 0.05) difference in the dry matter content of the four samples. The 10% Moringa leaf fibre cookie blend had the highest moisture, fat and crude fibre content (0.57 % CF, relative to 0.44 and 0.54% CF observed in the 0:100 and 5:95 recipes respectively), while the commercial cookie had the lowest values for these parameters (0.36% CF) but with highest value for protein. The 100% wheat flour cookie ranked best in sensory evaluation, followed by the 5% fibre substituted cookie. All the cookies were acceptable; scoring above 4 on the 7-point hedonic scale. Addition of moringa leaf waste up to 10 % in cookies is feasible, though better at 5%. Cookies with Moringa leaf by-product have the advantage of being good sources of some of the daily requirements of dietary fibreItem Effects of Heterosis and Direction of Crossing on Production performance of F1 Offspring of Dominant Black Strain and Fulani Ecotype Chickens.(AGROSEARCH (A Journal of Agriculture Food and Development), Faculty of Agriculture University of Ilorin., 2012) Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Ayorinde, K.L.; Fayeye, T.R.; Toye, A.A.The objectives of this study were to determine the mode of gene action of determinants of performance (i.e. positive or negative heterosis) in F chickens produced by mating Fulani Ecotype (FE) and Dominant Black strain (DB) chickens, and whether the direction of crossing (DBxFE or FExDB) influenced the mode of gene action. Analysis of all F data irrespective of cross direction (combined) showed that the effect of 1 percentage heterosis was positive but weak for Weight Gain (WG) = 0.04, Feed Intake (FI) = 3.83, Body Weight at First egg (BWF) = 0.76, Egg Weight (EW) = 11.28, and 0 for Egg Number (EN) and Mortality (M) during the laying period. The combined heterotic effects were negative for Hen Day Production (HDP), Feed efficiency (FEf), Age at Sexual Maturity (ASM), and mortality from day old to 21 weeks of age (-0.16, -4.33, -9.15 and -67.74% respectively). Positive but low heterosis was obtained for BWF (0.76), and EW (11.28) and WG, FEf, EN, ASM, HDP and M showed negative heterosis (-100.00 to - 0.28) in the DBXFE cross bred. The mean performance of the FEXDB showed positive heterosis ranging from 1.08 to 100% in WG, FI, BWF, EW, EN, HDP and M during the laying period, while negative heterosis; -67.74, -4.54 and -8.22 was observed for M (0- 21days), FEf and ASM. The reciprocal effects showed F FEXDB were superior in ASM, 1 BWF and EW, while F DBxFE were superior in EN, HDP and M. 1Item Evaluation of Reproductive Performance, Egg Production and Egg Quality Traits in the Fulani Ecotype Chicken Raised Intensively(Animal Science Association of Nigeria (ASAN)., 2011) Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Toye, A.A.; Ayorinde, K.L.Five hundred and ten (510) indigenous Fulani Ecotype (FE) chicken eggs collected from three different Fulani Kraals in Kwara state were used to evaluate the reproductive performance of intensively raised FE. The results revealed that 98.0, 79.2 and 65.8% were settable, fertile and hatchable, respectively. At 18 weeks of age, seventy two (72) adult females FE were housed singly in battery cages and evaluated for egg production from sexual maturity to 52 weeks in lay. The results showed that age at sexual maturity, body weight at first egg, total egg number and egg weight were 26 weeks, 1437g 128 and 44.11g, respectively. Clutch size ranged from 3-9, pause length ranged from 7-10days. Percentage hen housed production (HHP) was 53.10% while the percentage hen day production (HDP) was 57.6%. Age had significant (P<0.05) effect on some of the egg quality traits measured at 15, 30, 45 and 52 weeks in lay. Haugh Unit, Yolk Index, and Shell Thickness of FE eggs were above 80, 60 and 0.50, respectively. This study indicates the reproductive potentials of FE chicken that could be useful in developing an indigenous chicken with desirable egg production traits.Item HETEROSIS AND RECIPROCAL EFFECTS IN GROWTH TRAITS OF F1 GENERATION CROSSES BETWEEN THE FULANI ECOTYPE CHICKENS AND HUBBARD BROILERS STRAIN(Nigerian Journal of Genetics, 2018) Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Ayorinde, K.L.; Toye, A.A.Item Nutrigenetic Effect of Moringa oleifera Seed Meal on the Biological Growth Programme of Young Broiler Chickens.(AGROSEARCH (A journal of Agriculture Food and Development), Faculty of Agriculture University of Ilorin., 2013) Toye, A.A.; Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Olaniyan, O. M.; Ojo, V.A Nutrigenetic study of the effects of graded levels (0%, 5% and 10%) of undecorticated undefatted Moringa oleifera Seed Meal (UUMOSM) on the biological growth programme of 48 young broilers of two genotypes (Marshall and Arbor Acres) was conducted. Rates of change (%) of Body Weight (WTR), Length (BLR) and Girth (BGR), and Lengths of Shank (SLR), Thigh (TLR), Wing (WLR) and Keel (KLR) between 1 and 4 weeks age were measured. The effect of Genotype and Diet on growth rate was defined by fitting a univariate General Linear Model, while the strength of relationship between traits was examined by use of Pearson's bivariate correlation method. Only BLR was significantly (P<0.05) affected by genotype, while diet significantly (P<0.05) determined WTR, BGR, TLR, WLR, and KLR. Significant (P<0.05) effects of Genotype x Diet interaction on WTR, BLR, BGR, WLR and KLR were observed. The level of correlation between trait rates varied with increasing levels of UUMOSM in both genotypes; exhibiting a direct, inverse, parabola or inverted parabola shaped relationship curve. These results showed that subtle variations in dietary levels of UUMOSM significantly influence the biological growth programme of young broilers, with implications for size and interrelationship of body parts, including shape/conformation. They further showed that substructures within populations such as clusters with non-overlapping nutritional habits (voluntary or forced) influence overall population estimates of inter-trait relationships. The transcriptomic (gene expression) and metabonomic correlates of the phenomenon reported here will be examined in further studies and should yield evidence of underlying mechanisms.Item The Economics of Moringa oleifera use by people living with .HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Kwara State, Nigeria(International Moringa and Nutraceutical Research Society, 2015) Animashaun, J.O.; Williams, F.E.,; Ibrahim, H.; Toye, A.A.Despite widespread use and belief in the efficacy and affordability of Moringa plant among users, and anecdotes of its utility in treating HVI in Africa, little is known of the actual economics and attitudes to the use of Moringa oleifera for therapeutic benefits among People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Kwara State, Nigeria. To fill this knowledge gap, the present study randomly sampled 167 respondents comprised exclusively of PLWHA who use the Moringa plant for therapeutic purpose in Kwara State, Nigeria. A questionnaire was designed and administered on the respondents in the study area. Findings revealed that respondents show a positive attitude to the use of the moringa plant, and the part consumed most by users is the leaf (82%). Majority of the respondents (72%) reported not paying money to have access to the plant as it is in most cases obtained free as a gift from friends and grown in the backyard. Among those who incurred cost in accessing the plant, the average amount paid was N1,163.00 (USD 7) per 200g. Respondents with higher monthly income are more likely to pay higher for the plant (p=0.07). The study concludes by recommending that clinical trials be intensified to examine the claims of the plant's therapeutic value in HVI management which underpin the relatively positive attitude towards its use by PLWHA. Furthermore, purified extract(s) of moringa phytochemicals needs to be isolated and examined for efficacy and affordability as drugs for managing HIV related pathology in PLWHA.