Browsing by Author "Sulaimon, F.A."

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    Dichlorvos induced oxidative and neuronal responses in rats; mitigative efficacy of Nigella sativa (black cumin)
    (2018) Imam, A.; Ogunniyi, A.; Ibrahim, A.; Abdulmajeed, W.I.; Oyewole, L.A.; Lawan, A.H.; Sulaimon, F.A.; Adana, M.Y.; Ajao M.S
    Poisoning from Organophosphates (OPs), especially Dichlorvos (DDVP) has become endemic due to the increasing use in house hold and agricultural pests control, with most marked effects in the nervous system. However, it is evidenced that natural antioxidants are efficacious against OPs toxicity. Thus, this study investigated the possible antidotal efficacy of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) in Dichlovos (DDVP) induced oxidative and neuronal damages in Wistar rats. DDVP was administered at sub-chronic daily dosage of 8.8 mg/kg.bw for 7 days and a post-administration of NSO at 1 ml/kg.bw for the subsequent 7 days. The rats were euthanized on the 15thday, blood sample collected via cardiac puncture, centrifuged and the plasma used for biochemical analysis of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH) and total reactive oxygen species (ROS), while the frontal, occipital and cerebellar cortices and the medulla were removed for histo morphological examinations. The results showed significant (P≤0.05) decrease in plasma TAC and GSH, while a significant (P≤0.05) increase in ROS was recorded, and some vacuolation around the neurons especially in the frontal and cerebellar cortices following DDVP exposure. However, post treatment with NSO was observed to be efficacious in the recovery of the oxidative activities and the neuro-architectural integrities. Thus, it can be concluded that the antioxidant capacity of NSO could be efficacious against OPs induced oxidative damages, especially in dichlorvos accidents.
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    Exogenous Melatonin Ameliorates Pontine Histoarchitecture and Associated Oxidative Damage in Sodium Fluoride Induced Toxicity
    (2020) Sulaimon, F.A.; Okesina, A.A.; Imam, A.L.; Usman, R.Y.; Ibrahim-Abdulkareem, R.A.; Imam, A.; Adana, M.Y.,; Shehu, M.; Abioye, A.’I.R.; Ayuba, A.I.; Ajao, M.S.
    Background: Sodium fluoride (NaF) is a highly consumed food additive, that is capable of disrupting the activities of several brain areas. It is unclear whether this compound affects the autonomic activities of the brain. Objective: Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the ameliorative potentials of exogenous melatonin on sodium fluoride-induced pontine toxicity in adult male Wistar rats, as melatonin has been implicated to have a high concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid of injured brains. Method: Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8, per group). Groups I, II, III and IV received 0.2 ml of normal saline (NS), 500 ppm of sodium fluoride (NaF) via their drinking water, 10 mg/kg melatonin (MLT), and melatonin with sodium fluoride concurrently (MLT+NaF) respectively for fourteen days. At the end of these treatments, the rats were euthanized and brainstem tissues were excised for histological, histochemical, and biochemical analyses. Results: There were shreds of evidence of DNA fragmentation, vacuolation, dispersion of the Nissl bodies, and axonal disruption in the cells of the basilar pons of the sodium fluoride-treated animals. This was coupled with high concentrations of malondialdehyde and low-level concentrations of glutathione reductase. Melatonin, however, was observed to limit neuronal injury in the cells of the basilar pons in the experimental animals by reducing the extent of cells undergoing process pyknosis, chromatolysis, and demyelination. Also, melatonin was able to reduce the concentration of malondialdehyde and increase glutathione reductase activities in the pons. Conclusion: This study revealed that sodium fluoride injured the pontine histoarchitecture, and induced oxidative damage which were ameliorated by exogenous melatonin treatments.
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    Investigating cerebellar oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis following sub-acute MPTP administration in Balb/c mice
    (Society of Experimental and Clinical Anatomists of Nigeria., 2025) Sulaimon, F.A.; Adeniyi, R.A.; Akinnaso, O.A.; Oladipupo, O.A.; Awodola, M J.; Adeoye, A. T.; Jimoh, T.Y.; Shehu,M.; Imam, A.L.; Ibiyeye, R.Y.
    Background and aim: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) administered mice is a known model of Parkinson's disease (PD) which is characterized by neurodegeneration primarily in the substantia nigra; however, increasing evidence highlights the role of the cerebellum in both motor and non-motor symptoms. This study investigates the effects of sub-acute MPTP administration on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the cerebellum of adult male Balb/c mice. Methods: Twenty adult male Balb/c mice, weighing 20-30 g, were acclimatized for 14 days and assigned to control (n=10, PBS) and MPTP groups (n=10, 20 mg/kg body weight of MPTP, intraperitoneally administered daily for five consecutive days). Behavioral assessments were performed using an open field test on day seven, focusing on cerebellar-related behaviors. Following this, histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical analyses were conducted to evaluate markers of oxidative stress (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 along with glutathione peroxidase), inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-alpha as well as nuclear factor kappa B), and apoptosis (B-cell lymphoma 2). Results: MPTP administration significantly reduced nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 along with glutathione peroxidase while increasing tumor necrosis factor-alpha as well as nuclear factor kappa B in the cerebellum, coinciding with enhanced apoptosis as indicated by a lower B-cell lymphoma 2 level. Behavioral results revealed significant reductions in the grooming frequency of MPTP-treated mice compared to controls. Conclusion: The findings indicate that MPTP induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the cerebellum of adult male Balb/c mice, it might be worthwhile to observe the cerebellar changes in the diagnosis and management of PD.
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    Moringa oleifera attenuates biochemical and histological changes associated with the pancreas in nicotine-treated rats.
    (2018) Omotoso, G.O.; Adunmo, G.O.; Ojulari, L.S.; Olawuyi, T.S.; Lewu, S.F.; Jaji-Sulaimon, R.; Sulaimon, F.A.; Gbadamosi, I.T.; Onoja, P.
    Objective: The study was undertaken in order to evaluate the beneficial potential of Moringa oleifera, in nicotine-induced pancreatic injury. Method: Forty-five adult female albino rats were divided into 5 groups A-E, each group having nine rats. Group Areceived normal saline; group B received 6.88 mg/kg of nicotine intraperitoneally (i.p); group C received 6.88 mg/kg of nicotine i.p. and 200 mg/kg of Moringa oleifera leaf powder dissolved in 2 ml of normal saline (orally); group D received 13.76 mg/kg of nicotine i.p., while group E received 13.76 mg/kg of nicotine i.p. and 200 mg/kg of Moringa oleifera leaf powder dissolved in 2 ml of normal saline (orally). Treatment was for 8 days and the rats were sacrificed after 24 hours of termination of study. Intracardial blood specimens were obtained to analyse blood glucose, while the pancreas was excised and either fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for histology or sucrose solution and homogenised for biochemical analysis of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) enzymes. Results: In comparison with the Control, animals treated with low dose of nicotine with or without Moringa oleifera and those treated with high dose of nicotine plus Moringa oleifera had reduction in body weights (p>0.05), while marked reduction in pancreatic weights was noted in low dose nicotine (p<0.05) and both nicotine groups co-treated with Moringa oleifera (p<0.05). There were no significant changes in the levels of blood glucose and pancreatic G-6-PDH levels, while significant reduction occurred in pancreatic LDH levels in nicotine-treated rats (p<0.05). However, LDH improved following co administration with Moringa oleifera. Observation of the histology of the pancreas revealed atrophy of intercalated ducts, poorly delineated and disintegrating islet of Langerhans in animals treated with the higher dose of nicotine, while changes in pancreatic tissue in animals co-treated with Moringa oleifera were not as severe as the nicotine-treated animals. Conclusion: Moringa oleifera leaf decoction minimally ameliorates morphological and biochemical changes associated with nicotine-induced pancreatic damage.