Browsing by Author "Ogunmodede, Adebusola"
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Item A 2 Year (2019-2020) Analysis of Suicide Reports in the Nigerian Media(The International Institute of Knowledge Management (TIIKM), Sri Lanka (tiikmpublishing.com), 2022) Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Ogbolu, Rapheal; Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Mohammed, Amina; Erubu, AyodejiSuicide is increasingly becoming a public health concern. Reporting and portrayal of suicide in media may largely contribute to this. Gaining an insight into the pattern and possible risk factors may help in the design of effective preventive measures. The aim of the study was to generate a 2-year data of suicide reportage in media in Nigeria. This was a retrospective purposive Content analysis of all media suicide reportage in Nigeria between January 2019 - December 2020. Data was entered into an excel spread sheet. Duplication was avoided. The statistical package for social sciences, version 22 was used for analysis. Frequencies and percentages of relevant variables were generated. Chi square and Fisher’s exact test was used to assess associations. Significant value was set at p<0.05. One hundred and eighteen suicide deaths were identified. Mean age was 30.65+ 12.66 with highest rate among age 20-39 years (51.7%). Majority were males (73.7%). Commonest method used was pesticide ingestion (56.8%) followed by hanging (27.1%). Identifiable associated factors included financial challenges, academic challenges, and relational problems. Pesticide use was commoner among younger age group (p< 0.001) and female sex (p < 0.024). The common use of organophosphates which is used in pesticides may be due to the fact that it is a common household tool used to control insects and rodents in many low- and middle-income countries. It is easy to access and affordable, these coupled with social media reportage makes it a ready tool especially for those already contemplating suicide. The study highlights the current reality of suicides in Nigeria. It brings to the fore, the need for proper surveillance to drive a contextualized approach to suicide prevention.Item Benefits, Limitations and Challenges of Virtual Conferencing in The Covid-19 Era: Adjusting to the new normal.(College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, 2022) Ogunmodede, James; Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Dele-Ojo, B; Omotoso, Ayotunde; Agede, Olalekan; Omotoso, AyodeleObjective: The COVID-19 pandemic has had tremendous effect on the medical and scientific community. Measures instituted to curb the spread of the disease such as physical distancing and ban on large gatherings have significantly altered conferencing activities of medical professional associations. With no end in sight to the pandemic, it is certain that medical professional associations may have to make do with purely virtual or hybrid conferencing for some time to come. The objective of this paper is to highlight the benefits, disadvantages and challenges of virtual conferencing Methods: We searched Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, and AJOL databases from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021 for publications describing the benefits, disadvantages and challenges of virtual conferencing during the pandemic. This, together with authors' experience formed the resource base for this work. Conclusion: We propose ways the scientific community in Nigeria can maximize the virtual conferencing while the pandemic lasts. We also advocate increased discussion about how to improve the virtual conferencing culture and the development of guidelines for purely virtual or hybrid scientific conferences.Item Burden of care and psychological distress in primary caregivers of patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria(Jimma University, Ethiopia., 2019) Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Abiodun, Olatunji; Makanjuola, Alfred; Olarinoye, John; Ogunmodede, James; Buhari, OluwabunmiBACKGROUND: Caregivers play an important role in the management and care of individuals with chronic medical conditions. This is because; they provide emotional, physical, financial as well as spiritual support to their wards. However, the process of caregiving is usually associated with feelings of burden and psychological distress. METHODS: This study was a descriptive, cross-sectional, clinicbased study done at the endocrinology clinic of a Teaching hospital in Northern Nigeria. It was done utilizing the Zarit Burden Interview, the General Health Questionnaire (12 item version) and a socio-demographic questionnaire designed by the authors. The levels of burden as well as the factors associated with burden and psychological distress in one hundred caregivers of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were assessed. Statistical analysis was done using chi square, independent T test and linear regression. RESULTS: Forty- two percent (42%) of caregivers experienced little or no burden, 47% had mild to moderate burden, 8% had moderate to severe burden, while 3% had severe burden. When the ZBI scores were dichotomized into ‘low’ and ‘high’ burden, 89% were found to experience low burden, while 11% experienced high burden. On logistic regression, females were found to be four times more likely to experience high burden, while Thirty-five (35%) percent of caregivers had a GHQ score of > 3, signifying psychological distress and psychological distress was found to be significantly associated with burden. CONCLUSION: Many Nigerian caregivers of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus experience burden and psychological distress associated with caregiving, especially female caregivers and those taking care of those taking care of patients with complications. It is therefore important for clinicians to recognize burdened caregivers and intervene appropriately in order to improve the quality of care of these patientsItem Caregivers of the Mentally Ill Experience More Burden: A Comparative Study of Mental Versus Physical Illness(East African Medical Association,, 2021) Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Abiodun, Olatunji; Makanjuola, Alfred; Ogunmodede, James; Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Mohammed, Amina; Fabiyi, Eniola; Adepoju, Selima; Ademola, Maruf; Ogunwale, AdegboyegaBackground: Caring for patients with chronic illnesses whether mental or physical imposes a burden on caregivers. Schizophrenia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are both chronic illnesses which require long term care, though they differ in pathophysiologic concepts. Planning strategies for improving the quality of life of caregivers of these patients will require that clinicians answer the pertinent question of who experiences more burden. Objective: This study assessed and compared the burden of care in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and Type 2 DM, determined caregiver and patient characteristics that predict burden in both groups. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Endocrinology and Psychiatry outpatient clinics of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. Participants: One hundred patients with schizophrenia and 100 patients with Type 2 DM, along with their primary caregivers. Outcome measures: Caregiver burden was assessed using the ZBI. Results: Caregivers of schizophrenia patients experienced significantly higher burden than caregivers of Type 2 DM (p=0.025). Predictors of burden in schizophrenia patients’ caregivers were caregiver age (OR=2.088), being a lone caregiver (OR=1.39), perceiving caregiving as problematic (OR=6.194), GHQ-12 scores of caregiver (OR=7.46) as well as the presence of psychopathology (OR=2.61). The predictors of burden in Type 2 DM patients’ caregivers were caregiver gender (OR=4.049) presence of physical complications (OR=1.547). Conclusion: Caregivers of patients with schizophrenia were found to experience significantly higher levels of burden and psychological distress and this is important in planning care strategies for this group of patients.Item Comprehensive and integrative tertiary institution mental health (TIM-HEALTH) care: developing a protocol for Nigerian Universities.(Community Health Society, Malaysia, 2021) Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Bolarinwa, Oladimeji; Adegoke, Alfred; Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Adegunloye, Olushola; Oguntayo, Rotimi; Malomo, SylviaBackground: There is increasing concerns globally over the mental health of youths especially those in tertiary institutions of learning. University education is associated with stress and conflicts arising from the rigours of learning as well as the transition from dependent to independent life. It is therefore important to identify strategies useful for the improvement of the mental and social wellbeing of this unique stratum of the society. Materials and methods: This study will be the first phase of a proposed three phase research. It will be a cross-sectional study that would utilize a multistage systematic randomization. It will assess mental health literacy, prevalence and risk factors for psychiatric morbidity, and preference for internet-based mental health intervention and its determinants. Data collection would involve the use of a semi-structured self–administered questionnaire on sociodemographic factors, a mental health literacy questionnaire (MHLq) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Descriptive and inferential statistics will be presented while regression model analysis will predict factors associated with mental morbidity and literacy. Results from this data will influence other phases which are aimed at designing appropriate mental health interventions for university students. Expected outcome: This study is aimed at bridging the gap in literature concerning mental disorders among students in University of Ilorin. It would also provide baseline data for the development and implementation of suitable and sustainable interventions to reduce the burden mental ill heath among the students in the university of Ilorin in particular, and by extension students in other Universities across Nigeria.Item Internet- based psychological interventions to improve mental health: preference for and willingness to use among students in Nigerian university.(East African Medical Association, 2021) Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Bolarinwa, Oladimeji; Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Oguntayo, Rotimi; Adegunloye, Olushola; Adegoke, Alfred; Ajokpaniovo, Micheal; Oyeleke, Joseph; Malomo, SylviaObjective:To assess the willingness and preference for Internet-Based Mental Health interventions among university students using a validated self-administered questionnaire, the Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire (MHLq) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Design: A cross-sectional multi-staged randomized study. Setting: The setting was the University of Ilorin, Nigeria Subjects: A total of 3,300 undergraduate students were assessed. Main Outcome Measures: The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used for data analysis. Descriptive and inferential statistics, and regression analysis to predict factors associated with willingness and preference was done. Level of significance was set at p-value of 0.05 and confidence interval at 95%. Results: Preference for Internet-Based Mental Health intervention compared to Face-to-Face intervention was 27.7% amongst the 3,179 analyzable questionnaires, while 48.6% respondents were willing to use Internet-Based Mental Intervention. Predictors of willingness to use internet-based support were monogamous family setting (aOR= 1.486), help seeking behaviour (aOR= 2.683) and probable mental illness (aOR= 0.333) while predictors of preference for Internet-Based Intervention over Face-to-Face therapy were younger age (aOR= 1.377), female gender (aOR =1.342), satisfactory relationship with mother and father (aOR = 1.607. 1. 466 respectively), self-help strategies (aOR= 0.713) and good knowledge of mental health (aOR =1.610). Conclusion: Internet-Based Interventions is a viable choice for improving university students’ mental health. Further studies may explore acceptability and use of different aspects of internet-based interventionsItem The Knowledge and Perception of Medical Students about Psychotherapy as a Treatment Modality for Psychiatric Disorders: Implications for Medical Education and Practice(Biomedical Communication Group, 2021) Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Ogunmodede, JamesPsychotherapy as a treatment modality for mental illness is recognized worldwide, however there are different perceptions and opinions about its practice and usefulness in treating mental illness in medical students. In this study, the knowledge and perception of final year medical students about psychotherapy is assessed. It was a cross sectional survey done amongst final year Medical students of the University of Ilorin during their psychiatry posting, using a semi-structured questionnaire designed by the researchers. A total of one hundred and thirty students participated fully in the study. More than half of students (58.5%) who participated in the study reported that they first heard about psychotherapy during the psychiatry posting, while about 26.1% of them first heard of psychotherapy from the media. Sixty percent of respondents believed everybody needs some form of psychotherapy, while 18.5% believed only the mentally ill needs psychotherapy. Sixty out of the 130 respondents considered psychotherapy to be better than medications in the treatment of mental illness, while 23% of respondents still thought psychotherapy involved some form of brain-washing. However, 95% of them would consider a research in to the field of psychotherapy in the future, while 73% will consider training in psychotherapy if opportunity arises. The knowledge and perception of medical students about psychotherapy is important in order to gauge the quality of medical education concerning this treatment modality as well as help to suggest possible areas of additional focus for medical tutors.Item Mental Health Literacy Among the Undergraduate Students of a Nigerian University: A Pre-Intervention Study(Community Health Society , Malaysia, 2022) Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Adegunloye, Olushola; Bolarinwa, Oladimeji; Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Oguntayo, Rotimi; Adegoke, Alfred; Malomo, Sylvia; Ajokpaniovo, MikeBackground: Mental health in tertiary educational institutions is an important public health concern as many mental disorders have their onset in early life. Early recognition and appropriate intervention lead to better outcomes. In Nigeria not much is known about mental health literacy of undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: This study aimed at assessing the pre-interventional Mental Health Literacy of the undergraduate at a Nigerian University. A cross-sectional design was adopted with the use of a multistage recruitment of 3300 students from all faculties. Data collection was by questionnaires on socio-demography, Mental Health Literacy, and General Health Questionnaire-12. Descriptive and inferential statistics was done using SPSS version 20.0. Significance level was p ≤0.05 and confidence interval at 95%. Results: About 96% (3179) of the participants correctly took part, with the Global Mental Health Score being above average in 18.6%; (mean+SD); when split into domains, those with above average scores were 14.8 % for health seeking behavior, 9.6% self-help strategies, 13.7%, - knowledge of mental health and erroneous – believe 17.2%. The socio-demographic variables found significant were age groups, female gender, third year of study, affluence and being in faculty of Arts and Humanities, where courses in psychology is part of the curriculum. Conclusion: It was concluded like in the previous studies, that there is an inadequate Mental Health Literacy among undergraduates at the Nigerian University and socio-demographic variables maybe associated with Mental Health Literacy so it is recommended that robust ways should be found to improve Mental Health Literacy on campus.Item Mental health of Adults in Kwara State Nigeria during COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown(College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, 2022) Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Adegunloye, Olushola; Sulyman, Dauda; Bolarinwa, OladimejiThe emergence of COVID-19 did not only affect the health of people but also negatively affected their socio-economic situations in most cases, with a resultant effect on their mental health. This study aimed to assess the well-being and mental health of adults in Kwara State Nigeria during the period of covid-19 lockdown, and the factors associated with the presence of psychiatric morbidity. The study was a cross-sectional online-community survey done in the first two weeks of October 2020. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain socio-economic variables, world health organization WHO wellbeing index (WHO-5), Patient health questionnaire (PHQ-2), and generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire (GAD-7) to assess general wellbeing, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms respectively. Data was analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences SPSS 20. Descriptive and inferential statistic was done, level of significance was set at P <0.05 and confidence interval at 95%. Four hundred of the filled forms were complete and analyzable. The mean age was 41.82 ± 10.8 years. Majority of the respondent were healthcare workers among whom 25% were frontline workers in the management of COVID-19. About 8% reported low well-being, 7.3% and 16.5% were positive for anxiety and depressive disorders respectively. Young age, single marital status, and unemployment predicted poor well-being. Male gender, young age, unemployment, polygamous family setting, and inability to get government relief package (palliative) predicted anxiety disorder while the inability to get palliative also predicted the development of the depressive disorder. This study found that Covid-19 negatively affected the wellbeing of the populace and a sizeable number developed psychiatric morbidity. It is recommended that government provide adequate financial and psychosocial support to its citizen during a pandemic period to reduce the development of psychiatric complications.Item Prevalence and predictors of problematic smart phone use among university undergraduates(Community Health Society, Malaysia, 2023) Ogunmodede, James; Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Ahmed, A; Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Agede, Olalekan; Bojuwoye, Matthew; Bello, Hamza; Olatunji, A; Oyeleke, O; Adeoye, S; Babatunde, O; Omotoso, AyotundeBackground: A smartphone is a mobile phone that performs many of the functions of a computer, typically having a touchscreen interface, internet access, and an operating system capable of running downloaded applications. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and predictors of problematic smartphone use (PSU) among university undergraduates. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional design. PSU was studied among the students using the Smartphone Addiction Scale- Short version (SAS-SV). Results: Mean age was 21.3+2.59 years, mostly female (55.2%). The prevalence of smartphone ownership was 99.4% (3305). 13.9% of students had PSU. Factors associated with PSU were female gender (p=0.001), owning more than one smartphone (p=0.001), time spent on making phone calls (<0.001), surfing social media (<0.001), engaging in overnight phone call/social media chat (p=0.001), use of Twitter (p=0.002), Instagram (p=0.001), Snapchat (p=0.001), YouTube (p=0.001), online gaming (p=0.002), presence of probable psychiatric morbidity (p=0.001) and insomnia (p<0.001). The predictors of PSU were female gender (OR 1.305, p=0.038), engaging in overnight calls or social media chats (OR 2.243, p=0.001), using a smartphone in bed when unable to sleep at night (OR 2.832, p=0.003), probable psychiatric morbidity (OR 1.671, p<0.001), and insomnia (OR 1.298, p=0.043). Conclusion: Compared with other studies the prevalence of PSU among our participants is relatively low. However, PSU is a potentially disruptive behavioural addiction in undergraduates. Knowing predictors of PSU offers an opportunity for preventive counselling early in the course of study of all undergraduates.Item Risperidone-induced hyperprolactinemia in a premenopausal woman: a case report(University of Lagos Medical Society, University of Lagos, 2018) Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Adegunloye, Olushola; Biliaminu, Sikiru; Wahab, OluwasegunA common side effect of antipsychotic medications used to treat psychotic patients is hyperprolactinemia. Its occurrence leads to dysfunction of the reproductive, endocrine and metabolic systems. This side effect which may be symptomatic or asymptomatic, is commonly under reported and under treated and may result in poor compliance. We present the case of a 35year old patient treated for psychotic depression with atypical antipsychotics, Risperidone and Amitrypiline, who presented with galactorrhea and amenorrhea which led her to stop her medications and consequently, a resurgence of the primary illness. Hormonal assay showed elevated Prolactin level which reduced significantly with institution of dopamine agonist Bromocriptine and a switch in medication to Aripripazole. These are examples of treatment strategies suggested in literatures reviewed. We recommended that clinicians pay more attention to hyperproclactenimia as an important side effect seen in patients taking antipsychotics which may reduce compliance.Item Understanding university community’s mental health needs and the detrminants of wellbeing sequala: a qualitative study. Ife(Ife center for psychological studies and Services, 2022) Oguntayo, Rotimi; Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Oyeleke, Joseph; Bolarinwa, Oladimeji; Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Adegunloye, Olushola; Ajokpaniovo, Mike; Adegoke, Alfred; Malomo, SylviaMental health among university students is on the increase every day, therefore this study investigates mental health needs and determinants of psychological well-being of the university community. This explanatory qualitative research design used a purposive sampling technique to sample 13-participant (with age-ranged between 21 to 57years; age mean=30.7years) at the University of Ilorin, Nigeria. Data was gathered using a key informant interview. Themes emerged from the data analysis, and excerpts from the participant interviews were used to illustrate the themes. Following data analysis, the research study found that the age of adolescents with emotional dysregulation, poor lecturers/students relationships, study life imbalance, and inaccessibility to counseling services were shown as the determinants of mental health among university students. Results revealed that there is a need for internet-based mental health services with substance abuse screening and audio/visual display facilities. Furthermore, empowerment of counseling staff, students, and the university community with periodic workshops/seminars on mental health awareness and integration of mental health modules into the General Studies (GNS) curriculum was found as the needs of the university community to boost their mental healthiness. We conclude that adolescence age, poor lecturer-student relationships, study life imbalance, and inaccessible counseling services are determinants of psychological distress. Therefore, insightful and rebranded interventions like e-mental health services and awareness programs are required to restore psychological wellbeing on the university campus.