Browsing by Author "Odeigah, Louis O."

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    Prevalence and correlates of hypertension-outcome of a free medical screening in Oke-Ogun area of Oyo state, Nigeria, West Africa
    (Journal of the American Society of Hypertension, 2018) Shittu, Rasaki O.; Odeigah, Louis O.; Fakorede, Kasali O.; Sikiru, Biliaminu A.; Sule, Abdullateef G.; Musah, Yusuf; Adeyemi, Folorunsho M.
    Literature abounds on prevalence of hypertension in Nigeria and urban areas of Oyo state but none in Oke-Ogun geopolitical zone, which constitutes 10 local governments of the 33 in Oyo state, despite the fact that they have high genetic and environmental predisposition to developing high blood pressure. The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of high blood pressure and associated risk factors among indigenes of Oke-ogun, Oyo state. A total of 10,000 respondents were recruited using proportionate sampling techniques. Hypertension was defined according to Joint Nati onal Committee-8 criteria. The fasting plasma glucose of the respondents were classified as normal (6 mmol/L), prediabetes (6.1–6 .9 mmol/L), and diabetes (7 mmol/L). Body mass index was calculated as weight (kg)/he ight (m2) and classified as malnutrition/underweight (<16–18.49), normal (18.5–24.9), overweight (25–29.9), and obese (30–40). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and binary logistic regression tests at P < .05. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 138  27.81 and 86.13  14.39 respectively. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 38.5%. 64.1% were diabetics. 63.4% had no formal educa tion. Majority (82.95 %) earned less than N18,000 ($59) per month. 43.3% had family history of hypertension. There is high prevalence of hypertension among the people of Oke-ogun, in Oyo state. Their low socioeconomic status, low educational background, malnutrition, and genetic predisposition were identified risk factors.
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    The prevalence of abdominal obesity and hypertension amongst adults in Ogbomoso, Nigeria
    (African Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care Fam Med., 2011) Amole, Isaac O.; OlaOlorun, Akintayo D.; Odeigah, Louis O.; Adesina, Stephen A.
    Background: In many developing countries obesity and obesity-related morbidity are now becoming a problem of increasing importance. Obesity is associated with a number of disease conditions, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, gallstones, respiratory system problems and sleep apnoea. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and obesity, as classified according to waist circumference (WC), and further to determine whether there was any association between abdominal obesity and hypertension amongst adults attending the Baptist Medical Centre, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 400 adults aged 18 years or older was conducted. Blood pressure and WC measurements were taken and participants completed a standardised questionnaire. Results: A group of 400 participants were randomly selected (221 women; 179 men), with a mean age of 48.7 ± 16.6 years. The overall prevalence of obesity as indicated by WC was 33.8% (men = 8.9%; women = 53.8%). Women were significantly more sedentary than men (50.8% for men vs 62.4% for women, p < 0.05). Most of the obese participants’ families also preferred high-energy foods (85.2%, p > 0.05). Overall prevalence of hypertension amongst the study population was 50.5%, but without a significant difference between men and women (52.0% for men vs 49.3% for women, p > 0.05). The prevalence of hypertension amongst the obese subset, however, was 60.0%. Conclusion: Prevalence of abdominal obesity was found to be particularly significant amongst women in this setting and was associated with hypertension, physical inactivity and the consumption of high-energy diets.
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    Prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in Oke-Ogun region of Oyo State, Nigeria
    (Cogent Medicine, 2017) Rasaki, Shittu O.; Kasali, Fakorede O.; Biliaminu, Sikiru A.; Odeigah, Louis O.; Sunday, Aderibigbe A.; Sule, Abdullateef G.; Musah, Yusuf
    Background: Oke-Ogun consists of 10 out of the 33 Local governments in Oyo State, Nigeria. Although literature abounds on prevalence of diabetes in Nigeria, there is none in this geo-political zone, despite the fact that there is a high genetic and socio-cultural factors predisposition the residents to diabetes and pre-diabetes. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes and associated socio-demographic characteristics among indigenes of Oke-Ogun. Method: Of the 10,000 respondents who participated in the study, 6,915 had completed data. Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) was measured using calibrated glucometers and classified thus; normal (≤6 mmol/l), pre-diabetes (6.1–6.9 mmol/l), and diabetes (≥7 mmol/l). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chisquare and binary logistic regression tests at value of p < 0.05. Results: There was a female preponderance for diabetes and pre-diabetes. Majority, 63.4% had no formal education, 82.9% earned less than NGN18,000 ($50) per monthly income. The mean FPG was 5.50 ± 2.20 mmol/l. The overall prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in the study were 4.6 and 6.0% respectively. Conclusion: This study shows high prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes among residents of Oke-Ogun. DM is more common in the females, and in those below the age of 61 years. The high pre-diabetes prevalence might imply an impending diabetes epidemic among the indigene of Oke-Ogun. Family history of diabetes, a surrogate of genetics is an important association of DM in the study. A large proportion of the residents were in abject poverty, a critical factor to be considered in their management.
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    The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in diabetic subjects in south-west Nigeria
    (African Journal of Primary Health Care Fam Med., 2012) Oyelade, Bolaji O.; OlaOlorun, Akintayo D.; Odeigah, Louis O.; Amole, Isaac O.; Adediran, Olufemi S.
    Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is rarely sought for and generally underdiagnosed even in diabetics in developing countries like Nigeria. PAD is easily detected and diagnosed by the ankle-brachial index, a simple and reliable test. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of PAD in diabetic subjects aged 50–89 years and the value of ankle-brachial index measurement in the detection of PAD. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 219 diabetic subjects aged 50–89 years was carried out. The participants were administered a pre-tested questionnaire and measurement of ankle-brachial index (ABI) was done. The ankle-brachial index < 0.90 was considered equivalent to peripheral arterial disease. Results: The overall prevalence of PAD was 52.5%. The prevalence of symptomatic PAD was 28.7% whilst that of asymptomatic PAD was 71.3%. There were a number of associations with PAD which included, age (p < 0.05), sex (p < 0.05), and marital status (p < 0.05). The use of the ankle-brachial index in the detection of PAD was clearly more reliable than the clinical methods like history of intermittent claudication and absence or presence of pedal pulses. Conclusion: The prevalence of PAD is relatively high in diabetic subjects in the southwestern region of Nigeria. Notable is the fact that a higher proportion was asymptomatic. Also the use of ABI is of great value in the detection of PAD as evidenced by a clearly more objective assessment of PAD compared to both intermittent claudication and absent pedal pulses.
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    Reference equations for spirometric indices from a sample of the general adult population in Nigeria
    (BMC Pulmonary Medicine, 2017) Fawibe, Ademola Emmanuel; Odeigah, Louis O.; Saka, Mohammed J.
    Background: The increasing importance of pulmonary function testing in diagnosing and managing lung diseases and assessing improvement has necessitated the need for locally derived reference equations from a sample of the general Nigerian population. Methods: It was a cross sectional study in which we used linear regression models to obtain equations for reference values and lower limits of normal for spirometric indices in adult Nigerians from a sample of the general population aged 18–65 years (males) and 18–63 years (females). Results: Seven hundred and twenty participants made up of 358 males and 362 females who satisfactorily completed the spirometric measurements using the ATS/ERS reproducibility and acceptability criteria were included in the analysis. The most important predictive variables were height and age. The values of the spirometic indices increase with increasing stature but decrease with increasing age in both sexes. The sex difference in all the indices is also apparent as all the indices, except FEV1/FVC, are higher in men than in women. Our values are higher than values obtained from previous studies in Nigeria (except FEV1/FVC) but the differences were not statistically significant. This suggests that although the values are increasing, the increase is yet to be significantly different from values obtained using the past equations. The implication of this is that there is need for periodic study to derive new equations so as to recognise when there is significant difference. There was no significant difference between values from our equations and those obtained from study among Ethiopians. Compared to report from Iran, our FVC and FEV1values (in males and females) as well as PEFR (in females) are significantly lower. Our values are also lower than values from Poland. We also observed disparities between our values and those of Afro Americans from the GLI study. Conclusions: Our findings show that it is important to always interpret ventilatory function tests in any individual by comparing it with reference values obtained from a well-defined population of healthy subjects of the same ethnic origin in similar geographic location.
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    The relationship between obesity and peripheral arterial disease in adult Nigerian diabetics
    (The Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal, 2014) Oyelade, Bolaji Oyetunde; OlaOlorun, Akintayo D.; Odeigah, Louis O.; Amole, Isaac O.; Aderibigbe, Sunday A.
    Aims and Objectives: The aim was to identify any relationship between obesity and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in diabetic subjects. Subjects and methods: Male and female diabetic subjects aged 50-89 years. Body mass index (BMI) was used to estimate total body weight and the waist-tohip ratio (WHR) as well as waist circumference (WC) were used for abdominal fat distribution estimation. Peripheral arterial disease was defined by an ankle brachial index <0.9. Results: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) was observed in 52.5% of the subjects. BMI, WHR and WC did not correlate with PAD. Conclusion: None of the parameters (i.e BMI, WHR and WC) used to assess the relationship between obesity and PAD was found to correlate with PAD.
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    Social Determinants of Depression: Social Cohesion, Negative Life Events, and Depression Among People Living with HIV/Aids in Nigeria, West Africa
    (International Journal of MCH and AIDS, 2014) Shittu, Rasaki O.; Issa, Baba A.; Olanrewaju, Ganiyu T.; Mahmoud, Abdulraheem O.; Odeigah, Louis O.; Sule, Abdullateef G.
    Background: People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) continue to face persistent and deep rooted social barriers. Incidentally, studies in social determinants of depression are very limited, necessitating this study, which examined social determinants of depression and the impact of these determinants on depression. Methods: This was a hospital based, cross sectional descriptive study of three hundred adult HIV/AIDS patients, attending the HIV clinic of Kwara State Specialist Hospital, Sobi, Ilorin, Nigeria. Depressive symptoms were measured by the PHQ-9 rating scale. Three variables of social determinants of depression: socio-economic status (years of school and self-reported economic status of family), social cohesion, and negative life events were examined. Results: The self-reported economic status of the family varied from good 35(11.7%), average 162(54%), and poor among 103(34.3%) of the respondents. Social cohesion was low in 199(66.3%), fair in 65(21.7%) and high among 36(12%) of the respondents. There was significant association between social cohesion, negative life events, and depression. Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Income was the most significant socio-economic determinant. Majority had very low social cohesion and more negative life events, while those with below average years of schooling were more depressed. These are statistically significant. Social determinants of depression should be given a lot of emphasis, when addressing the issue of depression, if we are to meaningfully tackle this increasing scourge in our society.