Browsing by Author "Odebunmi, E. O."
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Item Adsorbents from Jatropha curcas Shells Production, Utilisation Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies of their Adsorption: A Review(The Society for the Conservation of Phytofuels and Sciences, 2012-09-01) Okeola, F. O.; Odebunmi, E. O.; Adebayo, G.B.; Ameen, O. M.Jatrophas curcas is a multipurpose non-edible oil bearing and draught hardy perennial shrub. It is becoming popular for its eco-restoration of degraded land and production of biodiesel. Although much has been reported about the use of the oil, the cake and the glycerine from the seed of this plant, maximum benefit can still be obtained if the waste by-products are fully exploited. The seed cake is used as organic manure. The shells which constitute 39 % of the seed and fruit pericarp, has been reported being used as raw-materials for the production of biosorbent utilized for adsorption. Adsorption is widely used as an effective physical method of eliminating or lowering the concentration of wide range of dissolved pollutants (organic, inorganic) in an effluent. In the review Jatropha curcas shells have either been used directly in powder form as adsorbent or converted through carbonization and activation to activated carbon a typical adsorbent. Equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamic studies on these adsorbents, as well as their characterization were reported. Powdered jatrophas curcas seed coats have also been reported to be used as adsorbent to remove metal ions from waste water. Activated carbons prepared from the shells were also use to remove anions, heavy metals, organics and dyes from water by adsorption Thus Jatropha curcas shells adsorbents were found to serve as low cost, locally available, highly efficient and eco-friendly adsorbents.Item Arid Zone Journal of Engineering, Technology and Environment(Faculty of Engineering, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria., 2017-04-01) Okeola, F. O.; Odebunmi, E. O.; Ameen, O. M.; Amoloye, M. A.; Lawal, A. A.; Abdulmumeen, A. G.Abstract Batch adsorption experiment was carried out on freema (combination of Tartrazine and Sunset Yellow) an adsorbent prepared from moringa pod. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was determined. Effect of such factors as initial concentration of the adsorbate solution, contact time with the adsorbent, pH of the dye solution, and temperature of the dye solution on the adsorption capacity of the absorbent was determined. The result showed that the optimum adsorption was attained at pH of 3, adsorption equilibrium was attained within 60 min. The adsorption capacity increases with increase in initial concentration of the dye solution. The result of the kinetics study showed that the adsorption process was better described by the pseudo-second order rate equation. The adsorption process fitted well with both Freundlich (R2 = 0.983) and Langmuir (R2 = 0.933) models. Thermodynamic result showed ΔH and ΔS were all negative. Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) increases with increase in temperature of the dye solution.Item COMPARISON OF SORPTION CAPACITY AND SURFACE AREA OF ACTIVATED CARBON PREPARED FROM JATROPHA CURCAS FRUIT PERICARP AND SEED COAT(Chemical Society of Ethiopia, 2012-04-25) Okeola, F. O.; Odebunmi, E. O.; Ameen, MubarakActivated carbons were prepared from fruit pericarp and seed coat of Jatropha curcas using KOH and NaCl as activating agents leading to the production of four samples of activated carbons JPS, JPP, JCS and JCP. The adsorption capacity based on adsorption of methylene blue was determined for each sample. A further study of adsorptive properties of the most efficient activated carbon (JPS) was made by contacting it with standard solutions of methylene blue, acetic acid and potassium permanganate. The effects of mass of active carbon used, initial concentration of the solute and the pH of the solution on adsorption performance were investigated. Ash content and percentage fixed carbon were determined for two of the activated carbons (JPS and JCS) with the highest adsorptive capacity. Equilibrium study on adsorption was carried out and the adsorption data were analyzed using the Langmuir isotherm. The results obtained indicate that activated carbons from the fruit pericarp and the seed coat of J. curcas can be used as high performance adsorbents with the fruit pericarp activated carbon showing the higher adsorption capacity. The adsorption data fitted well to the Langmuir model and adsorptive area of 824–910 m2/g was obtained for the activated carbon.Item Kinetics and Mechanism of Mn (II) Catalyzed Oxidation of D-Arabinose and D-Xylose by Chromium (VI) Ions in Perchloric Acid Medium(Faculty of Science, Akamai University, USA., 2009-05-29) Ogunlaja, A.S.; Odebunmi, E. O.; Owalude, S. O.The present paper describes the kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of D-arabinose and D-xylose by acidic solution of Chromium (VI) in the presence of Mn (II). First-order dependence of the reaction rate was observed on sugars, HClO4 at low concentrations and a zero-order observed for sugars at a higher concentration. First-order kinetics with respect to Mn (II) throughout its variation was observed in the oxidation of both sugars. The Cl− and ionic strength effect was found to be negligible. Arrhenius activation energy and other thermodynamic activation parameters have been evaluated and lend further support to the proposed mechanism. Formic acid and erythronic acid were reported as the product of oxidation for both sugars.Item Mechanism of Ru(III)-catalyzed oxidation of L-cystine by Ce(IV) ions in sulphuric acid medium(University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, 2018-12-18) Owalude, S. O.; Odebunmi, E. O.; Bamigboye, C.A.; Adebayo, A.B.Mechanism of oxidation of L-cystine by acidic solution of Ce(IV) ions in the presence of Ru(III) ions as homogeneous catalyst was studied using kinetic approach. A first-order dependence of the reaction rate on [cystine] and [Ce(IV)] was observed. The rate is inversely proportional to [H+] and decreased with increasing ionic strength of the medium. The active species of the oxidant in sulphuric acid medium and that of the catalyst were Ce(SO4)2 and [RuCl2(H2O)4]+ respectively. A suitable mechanism based on the kinetic data is proposed. The activation parameters and the thermodynamic quantities were also evaluated which supported the proposed mechanisms.Item Synthesis and structural characterization of some ruthenium(II) alkoxide complexes(Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, 2014-01-03) Owalude, S. O.; Odebunmi, E. O.; Eke, U. B.; Tella, A. C.The complex [RuCl2(COD)(OR)2] (COD = cyclo-octa-1,5-diene and R = CH3 or C2H5) has been prepared by treatment of the polymeric specie [{RuCl2(COD)}x]) with appropriate LiOR solution and has been characterized by elemental analysis, IR and lH NMR spectroscopic analyses. The reaction of the alkoxide complex with two or more equivalent of phosphine ligands gave the complex [Ru(COD)(OR)2L2] (R = CH3 or C2H5; L = methoxyphenyldiphenylphosphine and tri(m-tolyl)phosphine) while the subsequent reaction with diphenylphosphine yielded [Ru(OR)2(Ph2P)4] (R = C2H5). Spectroscopic and elemental analysis data revealed symmetric alkoxide bridged diruthenium phosphine complexes.