Browsing by Author "Nwoha R.I.O."
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Item Cross Sectional Study of Brucellosis in Cattle Slaughtered in Abattoirs within the Transit City of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, Nigeria, 2019-12) Aiyedu J.O.; Odetunde F.O.; Oludairo O.O.; Olorunshola I.D.; Daodu O.B.; Nwoha R.I.O.Brucellosis is one of the most important zoonosis in the world; it is highly contagious and caused by a group of organisms in the genus Brucella. The disease remains endemic in Nigeria and its actual incidence and prevalence are unknown due to both inadequate surveillance and systems of reporting outbreaks. This study was designed to determine the sero-prevalence of bovine brucellosis in Ilorin, Kwara State, a gateway to states, and countries engaging in livestock trades within and around Nigeria. A total of 224 blood samples were randomly collected from cattle slaughtered at the two metropolitan abattoirs in the city. The study employed a combination of 2 serological techniques; the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and the Serum Agglutination Tube Test (SAT). Of the 224 cattle screened, 10.71% tested positive with Rose Bengal Antigen, while 11.16% tested positive for Serum Agglutination Tube Test (SATT). Prevalence was higher in cows (11.44%) than in bulls (8.69%). There was no significant relationship between the prevalence of bovine brucellosis and any of the variables examined. However, the overall prevalence (11.16%) observed in the study was significant. Thus, the need for drastic public health interventions/control measures on brucellosis in the livestock industry in Nigeria.Item Major Emerging Viral Zoonosis Reported in Nigeria: A Review(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, Nigeria, 2021-12) Aiyedun J.O.; Oludairo O.O.; Nwoha R.I.O.; Daodu O.B.This review paper is aimed to provide comprehensive information on emerging and re-emerging viral zoonoses, factors contributing to the emergence and re-emergence of these diseases and prevention and control measures against these viral zoonotic diseases. Emerging zoonoses like avian influenza, ebola virus disease and Lassa fever are those infections, in which the incidence in humans and animals have either increased during the last two decades or threaten to increase shortly. Re-emerging zoonoses like rabies are those that have reappeared after a significant decline in their incidence. Emerging and re-emerging diseases are causing devastating effects nationally and internationally, with millions of people infected and billions of money spent. The factors contributing to the emergence and re-emergence of zoonoses are viral adaptation, antigenic drift and shift, climatic conditions, international travel, globalization and trade. To prevent both human and animal deaths and to avoid potential economic burdens associated with emerging and re-emerging viral zoonotic diseases, there should be good control and prevention methods for these diseases such as good epidemiological survey, improved diagnostic facility, avoidance of global warming and working in collaboration with all stakeholders.