Browsing by Author "Morakinyo, A.O"

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    Adverse effect of graded Ciprofloxacin oral intake in male Sprague-Dawley rats.
    (African Association of Physiological Sciences, 2020) Igbayilola, Y.D; Saka, W.A; Aina, O.S; Mofolorunso, A.M; Oyabambi, A.O; Morakinyo, A.O
    : Ciprofloxacin (CF) is a very popular antibiotics used for therapeutic prospects. This study was investigated to determine the effect of graded CF oral intake on lipid profile, hepato-reno, antioxidant and cardiovascular functions in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (120-150g) were grouped into 4 equal groups. Group A; control, received 1 ml of normal saline/100g bw, group B, C and D received CF orally at 5, 10 and 20mg/kg respectively. After 7days daily treatments, blood sample was collected via retro-orbital puncture to obtain serum sample for the determination of cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Urea, creatinine, aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were investigated. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), malonaldehyde (MDA), blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measured via femoral cannulation under anesthesia using urethane and 1% α-chloralose. Results: There was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in CHOL in group C while TG, LDL, urea significantly reduced in groups B and C and significantly increased in group D (p<0.05). Creatinine, ALT and ALP upregulated in group D (p<0.05) while AST downregulated in groups C and D. GSH and CAT downregulated in groups B, C and D while SOD reduced significantly (p<0.05) in groups B and D. MDA downregulated in groups B and C and upregulated (p<0.05) in group D (p<0.05). BP and HR significantly increased in groups B, C and D compared with control (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that oral CF intake at 5mg/kg and 10mg/kg had no adverse effect on lipid profile, hepato-reno and antioxidant functions. However, CF at 20mg/kg may predispose to dyslipidaemia, hepato-reno dysfunction and increased oxidative stress. CF at 20mg/kg may exert a deleterious effect cardiovascular function.
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    Biochemical and antioxidant effects of Talinum triangulare (Water Leaf) in female Sprague -Daley rats.
    (The Society of Basic and Applied Physiology, INDIA, 2017) Igbayilola, Y.D; Morakinyo, A.O; Ewetayo, A.W; Oyabambi, A.O
    Therapeutic properties of medicinal plants are very useful in the treatment and healing various diseases and the advantaged of these plants is been 100% natural with little or no side effects. The present study seeks to investigate the biochemical and antioxidant effects of aqueous leaf extract of Talinum triangulare (water leaf) in female Sprague -Dawley rats. Twenty Four (24) female Sprague -Dawley rats weighing 150-180gram were grouped into 4 of 6 rats each. Group A: control; administered (10ml/kg body weight) of normal saline. The other groups were administered the aqueous leaf extract of Talinum triangulare thus: group B - 50mg/kg, group C - 100mg/kg, and group D – 150mg/kg. After fourteen (14) days, blood samples were collected for lipid and antioxidant analysis. The results revealed significant increase in AST (aspartate amino transferase) at 150ml/kg, when compared with the group A S(P>0.05). The ALT (alanine amino transferase) was significantly decreased (P>0.05) at 100ml/kg when compared with group A and group B with significant elevation at 150ml/kg. The ALP (alkaline phosphatase) was significantly increased in all the tested doses (P>.0.05). Results from the lipid profile analysis showed significant decrease in all the doses tested (P>0.05) for cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels except for CHOL and HDL which showed significant increase (P>0.05) at 150ml/kg. The low density lipoprotein (LDL), protein, and albumin levels showed significant increase in the tested doses expect, protein and albumin which was significantly decreased (P>0.05) at 100ml/kg and 150ml/kg. Also the creatinine level was significantly decreased in all the doses tested (P>0.05). The antioxidant assay revealed significant increase in glutathione, GSH, superoxide dismutase, SOD and Catalase, CAT (P>.05) at all doses, expect SOD which was significantly decreased at 150mg/kg. The malondialdehyde, MDA was significantly decreased (P>0.05) in all the tested doses. Our findings showed that aqueous leaf extract of Talinum triangulare administration at 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 150mg/kg have no adverse effect on renal functions. However, at 150ml/kg the aqueous leaf extract of Talinum triangulare gave rise to increase in liver enzymes' activity, increased low density lipoprotein as well as oxidative radical productions. Finally excessive intake should be avoided since it is dose dependent because of its ability to increase risk of obesity, cardiovascular disorder and liver damage.
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    Pregnancy and Fetal Outcomes Following Metformin Use in Diabetic Rats
    (African Scientist, 2017-03-31) Ojulari, L.S; Morakinyo, A.O; Amali, M.O; Adegoke, O.A
    The female reproductive system is responsible for pregnancy and supports development of the fetus. Theincidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing rapidly worldwide (Wild et al., 2000). Metformin is an oral antidiabetic drug and it seems to have properties that could be beneficial in managing reproductive complications of DM. The present study determined the effect of metformin on pregnancy and fetal outcomes in Alloxan-induced diabetic female Sprague-Dawley rats. Eighty (80) pregnant rats were divided into four groups (20 rats per group). Implantation and pregnancy were first ascertained, and fetal outcome was observed and recorded. The measurement of plasma levels of βhCG, estradiol, progesterone, corticosterone and C-reactive peptide (CRP); were carried out on days 7, 14, 19 and at term. Results were analyzed using ANOVA and Newman Keuls post hoc test with statistical significance taken at p<0.05. Results showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in plasma level of progesterone and estradiol with a significant reduction in CRP levels in the treated groups. The number of fetuses and average litter size was also significantly reduced (p<0.05) in the untreated diabetic rats. No physical abnormalities were observed in litters from all the experimental groups. In conclusion, metformin administration during pregnancy confers maternal and fetal protective effects.