Browsing by Author "Mohammed, Aminat T."
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Item Carbo-Nitriding of AISI 1018 Steel Plate with Animal Horn(Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, 2016) Ahmed, Ismaila Idowu; Mohammed, Aminat T.; Adebisi, Jeleel Adekunle; Yahaya, Taiwo; Ambali, I. O.The research on the carbonitriding of AISI 1018 steel with animal horn was carried out with the aim of converting waste to wealth through re-use approach of waste management. Cattle horn was processed into two different morphologies namely: powder and flakes. Carbonitriding heat treatment was carried at 850oC and 450oC for carburizing and nitriding dominated processes respectively. Vickers hardness measurement was carried out on samples heat treated with horn powder and flakes. Optical metallography was carried out on carbonitrided sample for microstructural examination following the heat treatment. The results of the investigation showed that hardness gradient occurred with higher hardness value at the near surface and decreasing towards the core. Sample heat treated with horn flakes showed higher hardness than those that was heat treated with horn flakes. Microstructural examinations of carbonitrided samples revealed the presence of martensite and retained austenite. From the result of study, it was concluded that the high hardness values observed was attributed to the diffusion of carbon and nitrogen atoms to the interstices of the host atom. Again the solute atoms helps to stabilise austenite microstructures which later transformed to martensite observed in the optical micrographs.Item Potential of Cow Horn for Carbonitriding Treatment of Steel(Springer, 2018-01-29) Ahmed, Ismaila Idowu; Mohammed, Aminat T.; Abdulkareem, Sulaiman; Yahaya, Taiwo; Ambali, I. O.; Bamidele, L. B.; Adebisi, Jeleel AdekunleThe potential of carbonitriding treatment of steel with cow horn was investigated in line with abattoir waste to wealth approach of waste management. The objectives of the study included processing of cow horn into different morphologies namely: powder and flakes for carbonitriding heat treatment, and, chemical analyses of cow horn with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques to determine the chemical composition and phases of cow horn respectively. The heat treatment was carried out at 850 and 450 °C for carburizing and nitriding dominated processes respectively. Vickers hardness measurement was carried out to determine the hardness profile on carbonitrided samples. Optical metallography was carried out for microstructural examination and to investigate phase contrast between the case and core of carbonitrided sample. The result of hardness test observed is consistent with the case hardening profile with higher hardness value at near surface decreasing towards core. Sample heat treated with horn flakes showed higher hardness than those with horn powder. Microstructural phase contrast showed delineation of the hardened case and soft inner core. The high hardness of case was attributed to diffusion of carbon and nitrogen atoms from the cow horn to iron interstices. This supposition was corroborated by detection of carbon and nitrogen with EDS and XRD tests. It was therefore concluded that cow horn could be processed as candidate materials for carbonitriding of steel.