Browsing by Author "Makanjuola, Alfred"
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Item Abuse of alcohol and other psychoactive substances among health care workers in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital(Association of Psychiatrist in Nigeria, 2014) Makanjuola, Alfred; Buhari, OluwabunmiBackground: In lorin, there is no documented study on alcohol and other drugs use among health workers. Aim: To determine prevalence, types and risk of psychoactive substance use among health workers in University of llorin Teaching Hospital and offer immediate ASSIST-linked post interview brief intervention. Method: We interviewed 308 respondents using a sociodemographic data collection sheet and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST version 3. 1). Results: Current use of alcohol was 5.5%, opioid 2.3% and tobacco 1.9%. All users of tobacco and opioid were 'high risk' users, 41% of alcohol users were moderate risk users while the remaining 59% were low risk alcohol users. Conclusion: In spite of the relatively low level of substance use, there is a need for continued education and regulation of psychoactive drugs use within the hospital. Non punitive measures should be instituted to encourage users to freely seek evidence-based treatment and supportItem Burden of care and psychological distress in primary caregivers of patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria(Jimma University, Ethiopia., 2019) Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Abiodun, Olatunji; Makanjuola, Alfred; Olarinoye, John; Ogunmodede, James; Buhari, OluwabunmiBACKGROUND: Caregivers play an important role in the management and care of individuals with chronic medical conditions. This is because; they provide emotional, physical, financial as well as spiritual support to their wards. However, the process of caregiving is usually associated with feelings of burden and psychological distress. METHODS: This study was a descriptive, cross-sectional, clinicbased study done at the endocrinology clinic of a Teaching hospital in Northern Nigeria. It was done utilizing the Zarit Burden Interview, the General Health Questionnaire (12 item version) and a socio-demographic questionnaire designed by the authors. The levels of burden as well as the factors associated with burden and psychological distress in one hundred caregivers of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were assessed. Statistical analysis was done using chi square, independent T test and linear regression. RESULTS: Forty- two percent (42%) of caregivers experienced little or no burden, 47% had mild to moderate burden, 8% had moderate to severe burden, while 3% had severe burden. When the ZBI scores were dichotomized into ‘low’ and ‘high’ burden, 89% were found to experience low burden, while 11% experienced high burden. On logistic regression, females were found to be four times more likely to experience high burden, while Thirty-five (35%) percent of caregivers had a GHQ score of > 3, signifying psychological distress and psychological distress was found to be significantly associated with burden. CONCLUSION: Many Nigerian caregivers of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus experience burden and psychological distress associated with caregiving, especially female caregivers and those taking care of those taking care of patients with complications. It is therefore important for clinicians to recognize burdened caregivers and intervene appropriately in order to improve the quality of care of these patientsItem Caregivers of the Mentally Ill Experience More Burden: A Comparative Study of Mental Versus Physical Illness(East African Medical Association,, 2021) Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Abiodun, Olatunji; Makanjuola, Alfred; Ogunmodede, James; Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Mohammed, Amina; Fabiyi, Eniola; Adepoju, Selima; Ademola, Maruf; Ogunwale, AdegboyegaBackground: Caring for patients with chronic illnesses whether mental or physical imposes a burden on caregivers. Schizophrenia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are both chronic illnesses which require long term care, though they differ in pathophysiologic concepts. Planning strategies for improving the quality of life of caregivers of these patients will require that clinicians answer the pertinent question of who experiences more burden. Objective: This study assessed and compared the burden of care in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and Type 2 DM, determined caregiver and patient characteristics that predict burden in both groups. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Endocrinology and Psychiatry outpatient clinics of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. Participants: One hundred patients with schizophrenia and 100 patients with Type 2 DM, along with their primary caregivers. Outcome measures: Caregiver burden was assessed using the ZBI. Results: Caregivers of schizophrenia patients experienced significantly higher burden than caregivers of Type 2 DM (p=0.025). Predictors of burden in schizophrenia patients’ caregivers were caregiver age (OR=2.088), being a lone caregiver (OR=1.39), perceiving caregiving as problematic (OR=6.194), GHQ-12 scores of caregiver (OR=7.46) as well as the presence of psychopathology (OR=2.61). The predictors of burden in Type 2 DM patients’ caregivers were caregiver gender (OR=4.049) presence of physical complications (OR=1.547). Conclusion: Caregivers of patients with schizophrenia were found to experience significantly higher levels of burden and psychological distress and this is important in planning care strategies for this group of patients.Item Factors Associated with Psychiatric Morbidity Among Patients with Cancer in A Nigerian Tertiary Hospital(Association of Psychiatrist in Nigeria., 2009) Makanjuola, Alfred; Buhari, OluwabunmiBackground Psychiatric morbidity is common among cancer patients. In our setting, psychosocial and clinical factors associated with psychiatric morbidity In these patients are yet to be well studied. Alms The study was aimed at determining the factors that are associated with psychiatric morbidity among patients with cancer In a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Method: Over a 6-month period, all consenting consecutive patients who were diagnosed with cancer and admitted into the surgical and gynaecological wards were interviewed using the Present Slate Examination (PSE), a sociodemographic and a clinical data collection sheet. Results The prevalence of psychlatric morbidity among the 63 patients studied was 44.4% (28 of 63 patients). Four (6.3% ) had adjustment disorders, 5 (7.9%) had generalized anxiety disorder, 4 (6.3%f had delirium, one (1 .6%) organic halluclnosls, one (1.6%) schizophrenia-like disorder, 13 (20.6%) had depressive illness with 2 (3.2%) having deliberately harmed themselves. There was a significant assodatlon between psychiatric morbidity and a feeling that friend have not been of help since onset of illness (X2 = 4.12; p =0.03) and more evidence of radlologlcal spread of disease (X2=0.43; p =0.005). Though not to a significant level, reduced income since onset of illness, worry about finances, less religious and social activities, allay of concern through explanation of nature of illness by doctors, less satisfaction with overall personal relationship, past history of psychiatric illness, and co-morbldity in terms of hypertension and diabetes were observed. Conclusion: There was a significant association ·between psychiatric morbidity on one hand and a feeling that friends have been not been of help since onset of illness, increased evidence of radiological spread of disease and formal counselling during the Index admission. We suggest a need for better communication and counselling of cancer patients and more social support of the patients, not Just by family members, but also friends and slgnlficant others.