Browsing by Author "Kolawole, O.M."
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Item Anatomical Studies of Jatropha curcas LINN. and J. gossipyfolia LINN. and Associated Microflora under Different Watering Conditions(Department of Biological Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, 2010-03) Abdulrahaman, A.A.; Kolawole, O.M.; Ahmed, R.N.Item Antimalarial Activity of Cocos nucifera Husk fibre: Further Studies(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2013) Adebayo, J.O.; Balogun, E.A.; Malomo, S.O.; Soladoye, A.O; Olatunji, L.A.; Kolawole, O.M.; Oguntoye, O.S.; Babatunde, A.S.; Akinola, O.B.; Aguiar, A.C.C; Andrade, I.M.; Souza, N.B.; Krettli, A.U.Abstract In this study, the antimalarial and toxicity potentials of husk fibre extracts of five Nigerian varieties of Cocos nucifera were evaluated in vitro. The only active extract fraction, West African Tall (WAT) ethyl acetate extract fraction, was then evaluated for its phytochemical constituents, antimalarial and toxicity potentials at varying doses (31.25–500 mg/kg body weight) using various organ function indices. The results revealed that WAT ethyl acetate extract fraction (WATEAEF) contained alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids and was active against Plasmodium falciparum W2 strain maintained in continuous culture, with a selectivity index of 30.3. The same extract fraction was active in vivo against Plasmodium berghei NK65, causing more than 50% reduction in parasitaemia on days 4 and 6 after inoculation at various doses administered. WATEAEF did not significantly alter ( ) function indices of the liver and cardiovascular system at all doses administered but significantly increased ( ) plasma creatinine concentration at 250 and 500 mg/Kg body weight compared to controls. The results of this study suggest that WATEAEF possesses antimalarial activity and may not adversely affect normal liver function nor predispose subjects to cardiovascular diseases but may impair normal kidney function at higher doses. Further studies are underway to isolate the active principles.Item Basic Laboratory Practicals in Microbiology(Department of Microbiology, University of Ilorin., 2017) Olayemi, A.B.; Sani, A.; Oyeyiola, G.P.; Omojasola, P.F.; Kolawole, O.M.; Arekemase, M.O.; Ahmed, R.N.; Saliu, B.K.; Anibijuwon, I.I.; Sule, I.O.; Agbabiaka, T.O.; Adebisi, O.O.; Udeze, A.O.; Ahmed El-Imam, A.M.; Oke, M.A.; Kazeem, M.O.; Ajijolakewu, A.K.; Odebisi-Omokanye, M.B.; Laba, S.A.; Adetitun, D.O.; Gambari-Ambali, R.O.; Zakariyah, R.F.; Abioye, J.A.; Adam, A.I.; Olabanji, S.O.Item Basic Laboratory Practicals in Microbiology(Department of Microbiology, University of Ilorin, Nigeria., 2017-05-12) Olayemi, A.B.,; Sani, A.,; Oyeyiola, G.P; Omojasola, P.F.; Kolawole, O.M.; Arekemase, M.O; Ahmed, R.N.; Anibijuwon, I.I.; Sule, I.O; Agbabiaka, T.O.; Adebisi, O.O; Udeze, A.O; Ahmed El-Imam, A.M; Oke, M.A; Kazeem, M.O; et alItem Evaluation of Antimalarial and Toxicity Potentials of Methanolic fraction of cocos nucifera (West African Tall variety) husk fibre extract in animal models(Parasitology and Public Health Society of Nigeria, 2013-03) Ugbomoiko, U.S.; Awoniyi, M.A.; Balogun, E.A.; Malomo, S.O.; Soladoye, A.O.; Adebayo, J.O.; Kolawole, O.M.; Oguntoye, O.S.; Olatunji, L.A.; Babatunde, A.S.; Akinola, O.B.The antimalarial and toxicity potentials of the methanolic fraction of Cocos nucifera (West African tall variety) husk fibre extract were investigated using animal models. For the 4-day suppressive antimalarial test, thirty Plasmodium berghei NK65-infected mice were randomly divided into six groups (A-F) with five mice each. Mice in group A (control) received orally appropriate volume of distilled water while those in group B were orally administered chloroquine (20 mg/Kg body weight) for three days post-inoculation. Mice in groups C-F were orally administered 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 mg/Kg body weight of the extract fraction for three days post-inoculation. For toxicological studies, twenty albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (G-J) with five rats each. Rats in group G (control) were orally administered appropriate volume of distilled water while those in groups H-J were orally administered 25, 50 and 100 mg/Kg body weight of the extract fraction respectively for fourteen days. At the end of the experimental period, venous blood was collected and selected tissues isolated and homogenized. The full blood count and activities of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase in the tissues were determined. The results revealed that the methanolic fraction of C. nucifera (West African Tall variety) husk fibre extract does not possess any antimalarial activity. The extract, at all doses administered, had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the red blood cell indices, white blood cell indices and the activities of all the enzymes in the liver, kidney, heart and brain compared to controls. The results thus suggest that the methanolic fraction of the husk fibre extract may not be responsible for the acclaimed antimalarial action of C. nucifera (West African Tall variety) husk fibre, though it may not aggravate the severity of the disease.Item Evaluation of CD4+ T Cells in HIV Patients presenting with Malaria at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria(Mainz University, Germany, 2010) Agbede, O.O.; Ajiboye, T.O.; Kolawole, O.M.; Babatunde, S.A.; Odeigha, L.O.ABSTRACT CD4 count is an important immunological marker of disease progression in HIV seropositive patients. This study was carried out to determine the effect of malaria or fever of unknown origin on the population of CD4+ T lymphocytes of HIV seropositive patients attending the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) clinic of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. 36 subjects were selected for this study. Ongoing history of fever was used as a case definition for malaria and malaria was confirmed from microscopic examination of thick and thin film of blood sample obtained from the patients during presentation with fever. The CD4 count was evaluated during presentation of fever and post-fever using flow cytometry. There was significant decrease in CD4 count of the patients. However, upon classifying the patients into 2 groups – those that returned to the clinic after a week and those that returned after a month; a significant increase in CD4 count was noticed in the group that returned after a week, while a significant decrease was noticed in the group that returned after a month (at p value of 95 %). Further classification of the patients based on presence of malaria parasite, and body temperature resulted in varying effects on CD4 count post-fever (in the general group, 27 were positive for malaria parasites). Of these 27, there was an increase in CD4 count in 9 (33.3 %). However in the group that returned after a week, all 6 (100 %) that were positive for malaria parasites showed increase in CD4 count. Five (26.3 %) of the 19 patients that had body temperature within the range of 35.5-37.4 °C showed an increase in CD4 count, while 7 (41.2 %) of the 17 patients that had body temperature of 37.5 °C and above showed an increase in CD4 count. The results led to the conclusion that while some components of the immune response to malaria could strengthen the immune system of HIV seropositive patients by increasing their CD4 count, other components will suppress their immunity by decreasing their CD4 count, accelerating the progression to AIDS.Item Hepatitis B surface antigenaemia and risk factors of transmission among apparently healthy students of University of Ilorin, Ilorin-Nigeria(College of Natural and Applied Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, 2012) Udeze, A.O.; Aliyu, A.S.; Kolawole, O.M.; Okonko, I.O.; Sule, W.F.; Akanbi, K.This study aimed at determining the prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigenaemia among first year students of University of Ilorin, Ilorin Nigeria. A total of 200 students (119 males and 81 females: ages 16 to 40 years), who consented voluntarily after thorough explanation of the purpose of the study, were selected. The sera of the participants were tested for the presence of HBsAg by parallel diagnostic method using Diaspot® HBsAg test kit and Smart CheckTM HBsAg device. Of the 200 samples tested, 18 (9.0%) were HBsAg positive. The result also showed that 13 (10.9%) out of the 119 males were positive, while 5 (6.2%) out of the 81 females were positive. Analysis of the results by age groups showed that subjects ≤20 years had a prevalence of 9.8%, subjects of age range 21-30 years had a prevalence of 8.1% while subjects of age range 31-40 years had zero prevalence. Analysis of the results according to the risk factors of transmission showed that subjects who reported circumcision only had a prevalence of 7.4%, while subjects who reported history of medical operation and blood transfusion had a prevalence of 10.0%. Among subjects who reported HBV vaccination only, prevalence of 8.3% was recorded, while 12.5% prevalence was recorded for subjects who reported a combination of circumcision, medical operation and blood transfusion. This study however confirmed the presence of Hepatitis B surface antigenaemia among apparently healthy first year students of the University of Ilorin. General surveillance, mass immunization and public health education to stop the spread of the infection on campus and indeed the whole society is advocated.Item In vivo Antimalarial Activity and toxicological effects of methanolic extract of Cocos nucifera (Dwarf Red Variety) husk fibre(Shanghai Association of Integrative Medicine, China, 2014) Balogun, E.A.; Malomo, S.O.; Adebayo, J.O.; Ishola, A.A.; Soladoye, A.O.; Kolawole, O.M.; Oguntoye, O.S.; Babatunde, A.S.; Akinola, O.B.Abstract Phytochemical constituents as well as antimalarial and toxicity potentials of the methanolic extract of the husk fibre of Dwarf Red variety of Cocos nucifera were evaluated in this study.The dried powdered husk fibre was exhaustively extracted with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol successively and the methanolic extract was screened for flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, triterpenes, phlobatannins, anthraquinones and glycosides. A 4-day suppressive antimalarial test was carried out using Plasmodium berghei NK65-infected mice, to which the extract was administered at doses of 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight (BW). Toxicity of the extract was evaluated in rats using selected hematological parameters and organ function indices after orally administering doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg BW for 14 d.Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, phenolics, saponins, glycosides, steroids and anthraquinones in the extract. Moreover, the extract reduced parasitemia by 39.2% and 45.8% at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg BW respectively on day 8 post-inoculation. Various hematological parameters evaluated were not significantly altered (P>0.05) at all doses of the extract, except red blood cell count which was significantly elevated (P<0.05) at 100 mg/kg BW. The extract significantly increased (P<0.05) urea, creatinine, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and bilirubin concentrations in the serum as well as atherogenic index, while it reduced albumin concentration significantly (P<0.05) at higher doses compared to the controls. Alanine aminotransferase activity was reduced in the liver and heart significantly (P<0.05) but was increased in the serum significantly (P<0.05) at higher doses of the extract compared to the controls.The results suggest that methanolic extract of the Dwarf red variety has partial antimalarial activity at higher doses, but is capable of impairing normal kidney and liver function as well as predisposing subjects to cardiovascular diseases.Item Laboratory Practicals in Microbiology(Department of Microbiology, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, 2018) Olayemi, A.B.; Sani, A.; Oyeyiola, G.P.; Omojasola, P.F.; Kolawole, O.M.; Ahmed, R.N.; Saliu, B.K.; Anibijuwon, I.I.; Sule, I.O.; Agbabiaka, T.O.; Adebisi, O.O.; Udeze, A.O.; El-Imam, A.M.; Oke, M.O.; Kazeem, M.O.; Ajijolakewu, A.K.; Odebisi-Omokanye, M.B.; Laba, S.L.; Adetitun, D.O.; Gambari-Ambali, R.O.; Zakariyah, R.F.; Abioye, J.A.; Adam, A.I.; Olabanji, S.O.Item Prevalence of Congenital Malaria in Ilorin, Nigeria.(2009) Kolawole, O.M.; Jimoh, A.A.G.; Babatunde, A.S.; Balogun, O.R.; Kanu, I.G.Abstract A Seven months (March-September 2006) study on the prevalence of congenital malaria was carried out at the labour unit of three different hospitals within Ilorin metropolis: Eyitayo Hospital, Surulere Medical Hospital and Children Specialist Hospital Centre Gboro Ilorin. A total of 130 blood samples were collected from the mothers and their newborn babies and examined for malaria parasite using both thin and thick films. Maternal packed cell volume (PCV), and genotype was also determined using haematocrit method and cellulose acetate electrophoresis respectively. The prevalence rate of maternal, fetal, placental and cord parasitaemia were 37(28.46%), 29(22.31%), 33(25.38%) and 30(23.08%) respectively. Malaria infected maternal blood had a mild reduction in PCV level (p<0.05). Genotype showed strong correlation with maternal, fetal, placental and cord parasitaemia (p<0.05). However, the effect of malaria prophylaxis was shown to be more protective for the placentalparasitaemia (p<0.05). Finally maternal age and parity did not show strong correlation with Maternal, fetal, placental and cord parasitaemia (p>0.05).Item Some Biochemical and Haematological Studies on the Prevalence of Congenital Malaria in Ilorin, Nigeria.(The Nigerian Society for Experimental Biology, 2007) Kolawole, O.M.; Jimoh, A.G.; Babatunde, A.S.; Balogun, O.R.; Kanu, I.G.Abstract: A seven month study (March-September 2006) on the prevalence of congenital malaria was carried out at the labour unit of three different hospitals within Ilorin metropolis: Eyitayo Hospital, Surulere Medical Hospital and Children Specialist Hospital Centre Gboro Ilorin. A total of 130 blood samples were collected from the mothers and their newborn babies and examined for malaria parasite using both thin and thick films. Maternal packed cell volume (PCV) and genotype was also determined using haematocrit method and cellulose acetate electrophoresis respectively. The prevalence rate of maternal, fetal, placental and cord parasitaemia were 37(28.46%), 29(22.31%), 33(25.38%) and 30(23.08%) respectively. Malaria infected maternal blood had a mild reduction in PCV level (p<0.05). Genotype showed strong correlation with maternal, fetal, placental and cord parasitaemia (p<0.05). However, the effect of malaria prophylaxis was shown to be more protective for the placental parasitaemia (p<0.05). Finally maternal age and parity did not show strong correlation with Maternal, fetal, placental and cord parasitaemia (p>0.05).