Browsing by Author "Iroye, Kayode Ademola"
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Item Assessment of Heavy Metal in Urbanized Tropical River in Ibadan, Nigeria(International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (IJMS), 2018) Iroye, Kayode AdemolaContamination by heavy metals in river water is a global problem especially in developing countries like Nigeria. Ten heavy metals were investigated in River Ona located in Ibadan, a state capital in Nigeria. The river which stretches over more than 30km length drains through different land uses in the city. Laboratory analysis conducted on ten water samples collected at 1km equidistance position reveals that concentration levels of six (Lead, Cobalt, Copper, Zinc, Manganese and Iron) out of the ten heavy metal investigated in the study conform to the World Health Organization (2011) recommendation for human consumption while the remaining for elements (Cadmium, Chromium, Nickel and Arsenic) were above the WHO (2011) recommended levels. The mere presence of heavy metals in concentration near those limits considered safe for human consumption should be a matter of concern especially for residents who use the river water for domestic activities and those who consume fish from the river. A number of recommendations were subsequently put forward as a way of quality management of the river water.Item Assessment of urban sprawl in Mutum-biyu town of Taraba State, Nigeria, using GIS and Remote Sensing Technique(Centre for human settlements and urban development journal, Federal University of Technology Minna, 2015) Iroye, Kayode Ademola; Abubakar, AUrban sprawl situation in Mutm-biyu town between 1983 and 2011 was assessed using GIS and remote sensing techniques. This was carried out in other to monitor the rate of urban development process especially at the peripheral areas of the city and to prevent possible environmental and social problems that can emanate from uncoordinated urban physical development. Data used were collected from both primary and secondary sources. The primary data relate to GPS coordinates of some features that were taken and a set of questionnaire administered on Heads of Departments of Land and Development Control at both Mutum-Biyu LGA and State headquarters. The questionnaire which was meant to back-up the data base assisted in providing information on factors or urban sprawling and problems of its management in the study area. Secondary data used includes topographical map, aerial photographs and Landsat TM 1993, Landsat ETM 2003 and QuickBird and Landsat ETM 2011. Both hardware and software computer components were Used in processing the data while geospatial techniques of overlay, querying and statistical methods were used in analyzing the data. Result obtained indicates that early sprawl pattern in the study area depict the ribbon type of sprawling while leap frogging pattern manifested thereafter. A number of reasons were identified as factors of urban sprawl in the investigation while problems confronting of sprawl management in the study area were discussed. The study concludes by putting up a number of recommendations towards making the study area conducive for living.Item An Assessment of Water Budget of Ibadan, Nigeria(Vidyodaya Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2022-01-01) Iroye, Kayode AdemolaThe influence of climatic conditions of precipitation and evapotranspiration exercise great control on soil water budget. This is fundamental to crop production and hydrological processes. This study assessed the temporal variability of soil moisture condition of Ibadan, Nigeria using the water budget approach. Specifically the study analyzed the climatic variables of monthly rainfall and means monthly air temperature, computed the mean monthly evapotranspiration values, plots the water budget graph, and discussed the implications of the observed seasonal trend in water budget condition on agricultural activities and hydrological processes. Monthly rainfall and mean monthly air temperature data used were collected from the archives of the Nigeria meteorological agency for the period 2008-2020. Monthly potential evapotranspiration data used in the study was estimated from the mean monthly air temperature data. The monthly rainfall data and the monthly evapotranspiration data were used to plot the water budget graph. Results revealed temporal variability in soil moisture condition. Water deficit condition was observed between November and April while water surplus condition was observed between May and October. The highest water surplus condition was observed in September (111.9mm) while the highest deficit condition (-125.64mm) was observed in December. The month of October recorded the lowest water surplus condition (41.30mm) while the month of April recorded the lowest water deficit condition (-10.10mm). The implications of the observed seasonal variation in soil moisture status on agricultural activities and hydrological processes were discussedItem CURTAILING DISASTERS IN HYDRO-TOURISM DESTINATIONS IN NIGERIA(Dimitrie cantemir Christian university, faculty of management in tourism and commerce tourism, 2020) Adeniyi, Enekole Esther; Iroye, Kayode AdemolaThe importance of improving resiliency in tourism sector in Nigeria cannot be over emphasized. This is especially germane in hydro-tourism industry where tourist destinations are often located in areas of intrinsic scenery that are exposed to hazards which can transform into disasters. Among the hazards that can develop in hydro-tourism destinations include flooding, high winds, sea level rise, swell waves and electrical shocks which can occur through switches, cables and circuits, especially when such destination is an hydro-power project. Myriads of vulnerabilities in hydro tourism destinations which can transform into disasters when not properly managed in the country have been categorized into three groups in this paper following Lindell, et. al.(2006) while different techniques of preventing such vulnerabilities from transforming to disasters were discussedItem Effect of charcoal production on environmental degradation in guinea savanna ecological zone of Nigeria(School of environmental technology, federal university of technology, Minna, Nigeria, 2015) Olanrewaju, Rhoda Monisola; Iroye, Kayode Ademola; Tilakasiri, Senadheera LionelThe study examines the effects of charcoal production on soil properties around mound sites in guinea savannah region of Nigeria. Soil samples at 1Ocm depths were collected at equidistance position of I meter over a distance of 8 meters away from 3 mound sites. The collected soil samples were subsequently analysed at University of llorin laboratories for physical and chemical characteristics. Unlike findings reported in previous studies biomass burning at the mounds in this study did not result in increase of soil micro nutrient, rather an increase in soils chemical characteristics were observed as distance increases from the mounds. The implication of this finding is that charcoal production in the study area is robbing the soil of its essential minerals. Reason for this may however not be unconnected with dry season period the data was collected when rain has not fallen to leach the nutrients from the burnt biomass into the soil. The study also revealed that heat influence at the study sites were only limited to 5 meters distance away from the mounds. This might be because the soil in the area is basically sandy and poor conductor of heat. The general implication of the findings of this research is that, at local level, the damage done to the environment by wood combustion into charcoal may not be as terrible as the havoc caused by the cutting down of trees. The study thus concludes that, the effect of the charcoal production on soil will vary with climatic region.Item EFFECT OF DOWN HOLE LITHOLOGICAL VARIATION ON WATER BEARING CAPACITY OF SOME BOREHOLES IN ILORIN, NIGERIA(STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABE -BOLYAI GEOGRAPHIA, 2021-12) Iroye, Kayode AdemolaThe paper attempts to explain the effect of downhole lithological variation on water bearing capacity of some boreholes in Ilorin Nigeria, Specifically, the study examined the lithological characteristics of the boreholes, assessed the variability in weathered overburden and analysed the inter-relationships between lithology, hydrology and topography of the boreholes, Data used were extracted from twenty (20) borehole logs collected from the archive of Lower Niger Basin Development Authority in Ilorin. Information extracted from the borehole logs are: the number of lithological units intersected by each of the borehole and their depths, the nature of geological materials making up the lithological units and their moisture conditions. Information on coordinates and topographic heights of the boreholes are not given on the logs and those were collected from the field personally by the researcher using handheld GPS (Garmin GPS Channel 76 Mode). The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results reveal nine downhole lithological units with loamy and laterite soil making up the first layer of lithology in 95% of the boreholes. Thickness of the top soil and the saprolite overlying the bedrock, has mean values of 4.2m and 11.3m respectively. Depth to water in the borehole ranged between 24.7 and 140m and with a mean value of 55.9m. Three (3) of the boreholes have two lenses of aquifer while the remaining seventeen have one aquifer lens each. The three (3) boreholes with two aquifer lenses have their minor aquifers located within the saprolite. The main aquifer in most (65%) of the boreholes is located within the fractured basement while the remaining (35%) boreholes have their main aquifer located in the weathered basement. correlation analysis revealed topographic elevation as one of the drivers of hydrology in the study area.Item EFFECTS OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON MORPHOLOGY OF THE LOWER COURSE OF RIVER MAYO-INNE, YOLA SOUTH, NIGERIA(Department of Geography, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria, 2017) Ijafiya, Danjuma J.; Iroye, Kayode AdemolaThe study examined the effects of human activities on channel morphology of the lower course of River Mayo-Inne, Yola South, Nigeria using an integrated approach of remote sensing, geographic information system and field survey. Data on channel characteristics (width, depth, sinuosity, bed elevation, slope, and gradient) and land use/ land cover spanning a period of thirty-five years (1980-2015) were analysed using descriptive and inferential analysis. Results obtained shows that the mean channel width of the study river increased by 154.57 percent over the study period while sinuosity index which earlier rose from 1.53 in 1980 to 1.57 in 1990 dropped to 1.4 in 2015. Correlation analysis between both channel width and land uses revealed a negative relationship (n=-0.62) with vegetation and positive relationship (n=0.66) with cropland. The relationship between channel width and built up area exhibits perfect positive relationship (r=l). Reasons for the observed patterns were discussed and a number of recommendations were put forwards reducing the effects of human activities on channel morphology.Item ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AS A VIABLE TOOL IN PREVENTING GROUNDWATER POLLUTION IN NIGERIA(STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABE -BOLYAI GEOGRAPHIA, 2021-06-01) Iroye, Kayode AdemolaEnvironmental Education as a Viable Tool in Preventing Groundwater Pollution in Nigeria. The study focused on the use of environmental education, particularly at elementary level, to prevent groundwater degradation in Nigeria. This is especially germane because of the relative advantage of groundwater over other sources of water because of its near universal availability, dependability and low capital cost; groundwater remains the preferred source of water in most parts of the country. The development and management of the resource remains central to the success of rural and urban development programmes. Issues discussed in the research include importance of groundwater in meeting supply challenges imposed by ineffective and inefficient public water supply in Nigeria, groundwater resources and use in the country, sources of groundwater pollution, the need for environmental education and developments and techniques in environmental education. The research concluded by suggesting the need for environmental education, particularly at elementary level in addressing problems of environmental degradation and groundwater pollution in particular. This is considered appropriate because, once a good environmental attitude is developed in children, it will be very difficult for them to change their behavior negatively toward matters concerning the environmentItem GROUNDWATER FLOW DIRECTION AND POLLUTION MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR IGBO-OLOMU, IKORODU, LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA(Dimitrie cantemir Christian university, faculty of management in tourism and commerce tourism, 2021) Iroye, Kayode AdemolaThe study used hydrogeological measurements from thirteen wells to illustrate the pattern of groundwater movement in Igbo Olomu area of Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria. Data used include information on well coordinates, elevation at well openings, static water level (SWL) and hydraulic head (HH). Data on coordinates of well locations and elevation at well openings with respect to mean sea level were taken using GPS (Garmin 76 csx) while data on static water level in each well was taken with measuring tape. The hydraulic head for each of the thirteen wells was computed as the difference between elevation at well opening and static water level. Findings indicates that hydraulic heads ranges between 33.77 and 36.94m while static water level ranges between 2.35 and 7.36m. The static water level however exhibits greater variability (27.71) than hydraulic head (22.11). The local groundwater flow direction for the study area was subsequently determine manually by triangulation from water table contour map generated from data on static water level. The result of the study further shows that groundwater flow direction in the study area is predominantly towards the north-eastern part of the city. The observed flow pattern thus suggest that groundwater in the south-eastern part of the study area are susceptible to contamination from infiltrated water from sanitary landfills and dumpsites and from underground leakage of sewage and petroleum facilities. The study finally recommended environmental legislation, land-use planning, enforcement and environmental education as management options that can be taken by authority concerned in protecting groundwater from pollution in the study area.Item Impact of climate change on hydrology and water resources in Nigeria(Faculty of Social Sciences, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria, 2013) Iroye, Kayode AdemolaNigeria today remained one of the water stressed countries in the world due to increased in her water demand resulting from population growth, degradation of watersheds induced by landuse change and siltation basins. However a recent global change in climate is worsening the already bad situation with regards to water resource in the country's, hence this examination of climate changes impacts on the country hydrology and water resources. Issues such as causes of climate change, climate change effects on water supply and flood generation were examined. The research concludes by suggesting sustainable watershed management as the best possible option towards mitigating water resources problems induced by climate change.Item TEMPORAL VARIABILITY IN ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE OF ILORIN, NIGERIA(DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND PLANNING SCIENCE, EKITI STATE UNIVERSITY, ADO EKITI, NIGERIA, 2017-08) Iroye, Kayode Ademola; Abioye, I. S.The Study examined the fluctuations and trend in atmospheric temperature and its possible effect on health of residents in Ilorin. Minimum, maximum and mean temperature data for 35 years obtained fromn Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET) office located in Ilorin International Airport is used in the study. Reduction analysis aided in assessing percentage changes in temperature, Mann-Kendall test was used in explaining the temperature trends while Sen Model equations that can be used in predicting future minimum, maximum and mean atmospheric temperature in the study area were developed. Result obtained indicates negative percentage changes in both minimum and maximum temperature within the decades 1984 to 1993 and 1994 to 2003. However, within the decade 2004 to 2013, positive percentage changes were observed in both minimum and maximum temperature. Mann-Kendall statistics reveals that even though all the three variables under investigation (i.e. Minimum, maximum and mean temperature) exhibits positive trends, only the maximum and mean temperature were found to be significant when their Z values were tested at 95% significant level. This thus means that, the increasing trends in both maximum and mean temperature in the study area did not occur by chance, but results from causative factors. This result does not only reveal evidence of climate change in the study areas but also envision challenges in areas of human health and comfort.