Browsing by Author "Ibrahim A."

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    Al-Mustapha A.I., Bamidele F., Abubakar A.T., Ibrahim A., Oyewo M., Abdulrahim I., Yakub J.M., Olarewaju I., Elelu N., Gibson A., Mazeri S., Bolajoko M.B. (2022). Perception of canine rabies among pupils under 15 years in Kwara State, North Central Nigeria. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 16(8): e0010614.
    (Public Library of Science (PLOS), USA, 2022) Al-Mustapha A.I.; Bamidele F.; Abubakar A.T.; Ibrahim A.; Oyewo M.; Abdulrahim I.; Yakub J.M.; Olarewaju I.; Elelu N.; Gibson A.; Mazeri S.; Bolajoko M.B.
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    Castor oil induces morphological changes in endometrium and biochemical parameters in pregnant Wistar rats
    (Association of Medical Doctors in Academics, 2021) Kadir E.R.; Ibrahim A.; Imam A.; Onigbolabi O.G.; Imam A.A.; Ajao M.S.
    Background: Misoprostol is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, used for the management of miscarriages and labour. Castor oil is a natural plant extract that has been reported to have some abortifacient Properties Objectives: This study investigated the labour induction and abortifacient properties of castor oil, as well as possible effects on the electrolytes and hormones that regulate pregnancy, as well as to compare these effects with a standard labour inducing drug misoprostol, in Wistar rats. Methods: The study was conducted out in 2 phases. The pregnant rats were administered varying Castor oil doses of low (12.4ml/kg), medium (18.6ml/kg) and high (24.8ml/kg), which were compared with misoprostol group as well as a control group. All animals were euthanized on gestational day 15 and day 20 respectively for the two phases and blood samples collected via cardiac puncture from the apex of the heart for hormonal assay, electrolyte and kidney function tests. The uterus was also removed for histological processing. Results: The abortifacient effect of castor oil is dose dependent with high dose castor oil group seen to have significantly reduced serum progesterone level (32.8±4.25 and 40.8±0.70 compared with 51.0±2.00 of controls), resulted in weight loss and interference with kidney function (increase in serum potassium while decrease in sodium electrolytes). Castor oil also exhibited labor inducing properties. Conclusion: Castor oil has the potential to induce abortion. This study has demonstrated a possible usage of castor oil in medical induction of labor in rats as it exerted uterotonic principle on the uterus.
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    Low dose bitter leaf improves sperm quality and boosts sperm counts disrupted by the immunosuppressive effects of prednisolone
    (Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, 2020) Kadir R.E.; Ibrahim A.; Ibrahim B.A.; Gwadabe S.M.; Sulaiman-Jaji R.; Adigun M.F.; Oyewopo A.O.
    Background: Synthetic prednisolone (PRED) is a widely used over-the-counter glucocorticoid. Glucocorticoids have inhibitory effects on the immune system and are often used as immunosuppressive agents. Suppressed immunity may impact fertility via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Bitter leaf (BL) has been shown to improve sperm parameters, but its effects on immunosuppression-associated infertility have not yet been documented. Objective: To determine the fertility effects of bitter leaf on immunosuppressed Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 male adult Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 6 groups (n = 5/each). Group A served as a control and were given distilled water in addition to normal feeds, group B received 2 mg/kg PRED for 14 days and served as the standard immunosuppressed group, and groups C-F were immunosuppressed as in B but in addition received 50 mg/kg levamisole, low-dose (250 mg/kg) BL, highdose (375 mg/kg) BL, and low-dose BL + levamisole, respectively. The CD4 counts, hematological parameters, and sperm parameters were analyzed and compared. Results: There were significant decreases in sperm motility, progressive motility, morphology, and life/death ratio in the animals given PRED only compared to the controls (p = 0.002, 0.001, 0.001, and 0.01, respectively). These were significantly increased in the treated groups, and animals given levamisole and 250 mg/kg BL showed significantly increased sperm counts compared to the controls (p = 0.04 and p = 0.04, respectively). Conclusion: Low-dose BL (250 mg/kg) restored the sperm parameters altered by prednisolone administration.
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    Memory, neurogenic protein and oxidative deficits of frontal cortex following chlorpyrifos/dichlorvos exposure in rats
    (College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, Nigeria, 2022) Kadir R.E.; Gegele T.A.; Kola-Taiwo I.O.; Oyewole A.L.; Ibrahim A.; Imam A.; Chengetanai S.; Ajao M.S.
    Objective: The use of xenobiotics to boost agricultural productivity has led to toxic chemicals exposure including organophosphates, causing adverse health outcomes including behavioral and neuronal impairments. This study aimed to evaluate the memory indices, possible oxidative and cholinesterase outturns on the frontal cortices of rats exposed to organophosphates. Methodology: Thirty-two Wistar rats were grouped into four. They received 1ml/kg of Normal, 8.8 mg/kg dichlorvos, 14.9 mg/kg chlopyrifos, and 8.8 mg/kg dichlorvos plus 14.9mg/kg chlorpyrifos respectively. They had training trials in the Y Maze paradigm then spatial working memory assessment. They were euthanized 24hours following exposure and tissues excised for analysis. Results: A marked reduction in metabolic markers, Acetylcholine Esterase (AChE) activity, spatial memory indices and proliferative neuron marker (Ki67) were observed. Also, increase in oxidative stress markers in the frontal cortices of the organophosphates exposed rats. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated neurotoxic effects of organophosphates in rats.
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    Nigeria's race to zero COVID-19 cases: True disease burden or testing failure?
    (Edinburgh University International Society of Global Health, 2021) Al-Mustapha A.I.; Tijani A.A.; Oyewo M.; Ibrahim A.; Elelu N.; Ogundijo O.A.; Awosanya E.; Heikinheimo A.; Adetunji V.O.
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    Oestrogenic effects of onion and garlic extracts: Potential alternatives to synthetic oestradiol
    (College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, 2018) Kadir R.E.; Ibrahim A.; Oderinde G.; Gwadabe M.S.; Ojulari L.S.; Biliaminu S.A.
    The aims of the study were to investigate the oestrogenic activities of onion and garlic and their effects on the uterus of adult female Wister rats. A total number of thirty (30) rats comprising of five (5) rats in six (6) groups were used. Group I received feeds and water only and served as the control. Group II (oestradiol group) was administered 10μg/kg of oestradiol orally. Groups III and IV were given 1.14gm/kg and 1.7gm/kg body weight of onion extract respectively while groups V and VI were given 1.14gm/kg and 1.7gm/kg body weight of garlic extract respectively for four weeks. The microscopic architectures of uterus of all the study animals were observed under light microscope following the preparation of the tissues (uterus) and subsequent staining with Hematoxylin and Eosin dyes; and serum oestrogen levels were also assayed and compared after four weeks of treatment. Animals in the control group have higher oestrogen levels than other treatment groups including oestradiol group. It was observed that the endometrium of animals in the low onion and oestradiol groups were thicker than the control and other treatment groups. Our study showed that low onion offered some protection to uterus in similar way synthetic oestradiol does. The use of onion or garlic as a potential alternative to synthetic oestradiol in the treatments of oestrogen depletion associated with menopause could not be established.
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    Protective Effect of Nigella sativa (black caraway) oil on oral dichlorvos induced hematological, renal and nonspecific immune system toxicity in wistar rats
    (Arak University of Medical Sciences and Iranian Society of Toxicology, 2017) Adana, M. Y.; Ajao M. S.; Sansa A. B.; Imam A.; Ibrahim A.; Alli-Oluwafuyi A.; Kareem S.B.
    Background: Exposure to environmental toxins such as organophosphates poses a great threat to the health of the public. In this work, we investigated the effects of continuous exposure to dichlorvos (DDVP) on kidney function and hematological parameters, and the possible antidote activity of Nigella sativa oil (NSO). Methods: This research was conducted in 2016, at The Animal Holding and Research Laboratory of Faculty Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, six rats each. The four groups received: 1. phosphate buffer solution as controls, 2. DDVP, 3. DDVP+NSO and 4. NSO alone. After 2 wk of treatment, blood samples were collected and hematological profile (RBC, Hb), erythrocyte indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC, and Plt), renal function parameters (albumin, urea, total protein, chloride, sodium, and potassium ions) and nonspecific immune response (WBC) were measured. Results: Rat exposed to DDVP showed red blood cell count, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, albumin, and total protein levels was reduced from control, while white blood cell count and urea significantly increased as compared to controls, the change in K+ level was not significant. NSO maintained optimal levels of red blood cell count, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, albumin, white blood cell count, and urea, indicative of its protective effect against hemo-, immuno- and nephrotoxicity of DDVP. Conclusion: N. sativa (Black Caraway) oil might be a potential antidote in hematotoxicity, immunosuppression and renal dysfunction in organophosphate poisoning, especially dichlorvos. The protective effect of NSO against dichlorvos toxicity can be attributed to its antioxidant capacity.
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    Testicular Morphology and Seminal fluid parameters of adult Wistar rats following honey administration
    (Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, 2018) Kadir R.E.; Ojulari L.S.; Ibrahim A.; Ekundayo O.J.; Jaji-Sulaimon R.; Jimoh-Abdulghaffar H.O.
    Purpose: Honey has a long history of use in the traditional medical systems This objective of this study was to find out the effects of honey on quality and quantity of sperm and testicular microstructure when compared to fertility boosting drug and controls. Methods: A total number of thirty (30) matured male Wistar rats that were sexually active weighing 200 - 280g were used for this study. The animals were grouped into five as A - E. Group A was the control; Group B (standard group) was the standard group that received 0.3ml of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) drug for 6 days; groups C, D and E received 1ml, 2ml, and 2.5ml of honey daily for 21days respectively. After 21 days of administration, the testes were removed for analysis of the sperm parameters and the histology. Results: Honey significantly improved the sperm quality and spermatogenesis rate (denser seminiferous tubule lumen) of exposed animals compared to control animals, but most improvement was seen in the standard group that received 0.3ml FSH. Also no sign of degeneration or cellular loss was observable in the testicular histo-architecture of experimental animals. Conclusion: This research showed that honey possesses some fertility boosting properties in exposed animals compared to controls and honey is not associated with increased sperm abnormalities.