Browsing by Author "Ibrahim, H. K"
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Item Assessment of physico-mechanical properties of clay deposits in Asa Local Government Area of Kwara State Nigeria for industrial applications(Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, 2019-01-17) AMBALI, IBRAHIM OWOLABI; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Ibrahim, H. K; Ajao, K. S; Elakhame, Z. U; Aremu, I. N; Odeniyi, M. OAdequate information about the properties of most available clay materials in Nigeria is necessary to enhance their industrial applications. Availability of this information will adversely reduce importation of refractory materials and its products into the country, since the mineral resources are abundantly available in the country. This study evaluated the chemical and physico-mechanical properties of some selected clay deposits across the three districts of Asa Local Government Area (LGA) of Kwara State to ascertain their suitability for refractory and other industrial applications. The results revealed that the clay samples were mainly alumina-silica based with silica and alumina concentrations of 47.30 – 58.50% and 32.75 – 34.30% respectively. The physico-mechanical properties exhibited by the clay samples included: clay content (33.80-72.20%), linear shrinkage (6.10-9.80%), moisture content (21.00-33.00%), bulk density (1.99 - 2.87 g/cm3), apparent porosity (21.00-37.00%), permeability (73-94), compressive strength (213-840 N/mm2), thermal shock resistance (+29 cycles), specific gravity (2.18-2.52) and refractoriness (>1300oC). The properties were within the required standard values which make the clays suitable for insulating materials, refractories for low-medium thermal applications and manufacturing of ceramics. Though, Afon, Bakase and Ballah clay samples may require the addition of organic matter to enhance the clays’ suitability for applications that may require a higher value of porosity and permeability and low density. Effective utilization of Asa L.G.A. clays will help to domesticate the production of refractory products and enhance the establishment of Small and Medium Scale Foundry Enterprises in Nigeria in addressing the problem of unemploymentItem THE COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF INCORPORATING FUNGUS TREATED CASTOR SEED CAKE (FTCSC) (Ricinuscommunis) IN THE DIET OF (WAD) GOAT(Applied Tropical Agriculture ,School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, The Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Nigerian., 2019) Belewu, K. Y; Ibrahim, H. K; Ajibade, B.T; Adewusi, O.GThe cost benefit analysis of incorporating fungus (Aspergillusniger ) treated Castor seed cak (Ricinuscommunis) inthe diet of West African dwarf (WAD) goat was evaluated in a seven week feeding trial. A total of twelve (12) goats weighing 3.93kg- 6.53kg were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments A, B, C, and D with three goats each comprising a treatment in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Treatment A which was the control group had no inclusion of Fungus treated Castor Seed Cake while Treatments B, C and D had 15, 20 and 25% of Fungustreated Castor Seed Cake respectively. Weekly weight gain and daily feed intake were recorded while the cost of feed was also determined. Results of feed conversion ratio (feed: gain), cost/kg feed, cost of total feed consumed, cost/kg weight gain, net benefit and cost benefit ratio were significantly different (p<0.05). Additionally, thecosts of feeding was better in the fungus treated groups compared to the control diet. There was no mortality nor health implication in all the groups suggesting the safety of incorporating castor seed cake in the diet of goats. It can be concluded that incorporation of fungus treated Castor seed cake in the diets of goats should be encouraged among goat farmers.Item Development of abrasive sandpaper grains from agro-waste material for polishing of wood surface(Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Adeleke University, Ede, Nigeria., 2019-02-10) AMBALI, IBRAHIM OWOLABI; Ibrahim, H. K; Abdulhamid, A. S; Abdulkareem, S; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Popoola, O. T; Kareem, A. G; Adeyi, A. M; Busari, O. YIn Nigeria, natural and some synthetic abrasive grains used in manufacturing of sandpaper such as silicon carbide, aluminum oxide and aluminum silicate mineral are scarce and expensive. The aim of this paper focused on development of sandpaper grains from agricultural waste material (Coconut shell) and resin (binder) for smoothening of wood surface. Sieving analysis was conducted in particle sizes of P40 (420 μm) and P60 (250 μm) sandpaper grit size (according to Federation of European Producers of Abrasive standard). The Physical and Mechanical properties were determined and compared with properties of conventional products (P60 and P40 Garnet Paper). Surface finish assessments were carried out with visual inspection on selected wood. The result from elemental composition analysis showed that the produced sample grains contain some hard ceramic materials needed for effective polishing or surface finishing. The physical and mechanical properties of the grains samples were found to have close properties with the standard conventional sand paper. Hardness and compressive strength of Coconut shell (CNS) grains/resin composites samples increased with increase in polyester resin concentration. Samples made from 250 μm sieve size showed better mechanical properties than the corresponding samples from 420 μm sieve size. The wear rate of CNS/resin composites was also found to increase with increase in load (40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 g) and temperature (50 and 150 oC. Also, result from visual examination shows that the CNS specimens contribute to high material removal but not smoother due to grain sizes considered for this study.Item Evaluation of the foundry properties of Oyun river (Ilorin) moulding sand(Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Adeleke University, Ede, Nigeria., 2019-02-26) AMBALI, IBRAHIM OWOLABI; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Ibrahim, H. K; Ajao, K. S; Bello, M. OInadequate information on available natural moulding sands in Nigeria resulted to the use of the sand for casting without recourse to their suitability. This practice resulted to poor casting quality and underdevelopment of Nigerian foundry industry. In this study, the properties of Oyun natural moulding sand were evaluated to determine its suitability for sand casting. The chemical and physico -mechanical properties of the sand samples were examined using America Foundrymen’s Society (AFS) guidelines. The results of the chemical analysis showed that the sand contained SiO₂ and, Al₂O₃ from 84.49 to 84.58% and 7.17 to 7.22% respectively, with smaller proportions of other elements such as NaO₂ and K₂O, CaO, Fe₂O₃, MgO and TiO₂. The physico-mechanical properties of the sand were clay content (14.96 - 15.79 %), moisture content (8.15 – 8.48%), grain fineness number (83.40 – 89.24), green compressive strength (77.31 – 79.73 KN/m²), dry compressive strength (200.24 – 214.65 KN/m²) and refractoriness (above 1300°C). These results were within the AFS standard recommendation values for non-ferrous metal casting. Hence, Oyun moulding sand was found suitable as mould sand for various types of casting of metals like grey steel, aluminum, bronze, brass and light steels. Effective utilization of this sand for foundry applications will help to improve the economy of Nigeria and subsequently aid in reducing social problems as result of unemployment.Item Inhibitive potential of prosopis africana on corrosion of low carbon steel in 1m hydrochloric acid medium(University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh, 2019-06-20) AMBALI, IBRAHIM OWOLABI; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Ibrahim, H. K; Ajao, K. S; Raheem, Y. A; Aremu, I. N; Pelumi, A. ARecently, there is quest for the use of inexpensive, non-toxic, non-biodegradable, readily available and environmentally acceptable corrosion inhibitor. Studies have shown that these properties could be achieved through the use of plants as inhibitor. Inhibiting effect of Prosopis Africana (Iron Tree) seed extracts were assessed on a sample of low carbon steel in 1M HCl with varying proportion of the seed extract using gravimetric, Tafel polarization and gasometrical measurement techniques. The results show that weight loss/corrosion rate decreases with increase in the extracts’ concentrations. Good inhibiting efficiency of Prosopis Africana extracts with optimum inhibiting efficiency of 97.7% at 1.0 g/l after 120 hours exposure in gravimetric measurement was attained. TAFEL polarization results revealed that the Prosopis Africana extract shows that the corrosion current density decreases with the increase in the concentration of the extract. The extract is found suitable as green inhibitor for corrosion of low carbon steel in the studied medium.Item Production of Abrasive Sandpaper Using Periwinkle Shell and Crab Shell(Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh., 2020-06-26) AMBALI, IBRAHIM OWOLABI; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Abdulqadir, L. B; Ibrahim, H. K; Aremu, I. N; Ibrahim, T. OIn this study, the properties of periwinkle shell and crab shell grains, such as hardness, compressive strength and wear resistance were examined for their suitability as abrasive materials. The binding effect of polyester resin at high concentration was also considered. Through the process of crushing, grinding and subsequently sieving using ASTM E11 set of sieves, the shells were processed into grit standards grain sizes of P40 and P60. Furthermore, by mixing and mould compression using a hydraulic press polymer matrix composite with particles varying from 96 wt.% to 92 wt.% and resin 3 wt.% to 7 wt.% with 1 wt.% each of cobalt naphthalene and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide hardener respectively were developed from the grits. It was found that, with an increase in polyester resin content, the hardness and compressive strength increased, while the wear rate decreased. The composition with 92 wt.% periwinkle shell grains to 7 wt.% polyester resin was found to be with the most improved abrasive properties.Item Quality evaluation of commercially available steels in some selected Nigerian markets(University Politehnica Timsoara, Faculty of Engineering Hunedoara,, 2019-05-02) AMBALI, IBRAHIM OWOLABI; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Adewuyi, R. A; Ajao, K. S; Aremu, I. N; Ibrahim, H. K; Abdul, A. JItem Suitability of cow horn as filler in an epoxy composite(University of Port Harcourt, World Bank Assisted National Agricultural Research Programme (NARP), 2019-03-05) AMBALI, IBRAHIM OWOLABI; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Alasi, T. O; Aremu, I. N; Ibrahim, H. K; Abdulrahaman, S. O; Elakhame, Z. UThis study focuses on assessment of cow horn as filler in an epoxy composite. A particle-reinforced composite was developed using horn particles (HP) and epoxy resin with filler of varying percentage weight (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%. 25%, 30%, 35%, 40 %) at particle sizes of 100 and 150 μm. The composites were developed by hand lay-up technique with varying process parameters. The properties of the developed composites were examined through tensile, flexural and impact tests. The results showed that the tensile properties of the polymers reduced with the incorporation of the cow horn as filler. But at higher curing temperature, a better strength was achieved. Meanwhile, the flexural and impact properties of the polymers increased with the incorporation of the fiber in no particular order. The composite materials with particle size of 100 μm with curing temperature of 80oC exhibited higher tensile (37.58 MPa) and impact properties (74 J) than the lower particles. Generally, the cow horn was found to be a good potential filler in the composite if prepared using higher curing temperature as exhibited through its mechanical properties.Item Suitability of some selected Ado-Ekiti (Nigeria) natural moulding sands’ properties for sand casting(Faculty of Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria, 2017-12-02) AMBALI, IBRAHIM OWOLABI; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Yaru, S. S; Abdulkareem, S; Ajayi, S; Busari, Y. O; Ajao, K. S; Ibrahim, H. K; Mohammed, G. AIn achieving accelerated and sustaining economic growth and development in Nigeria, there is need for domestication of finished goods production through sustainable industrialization. Foundry technology is one of the vital bases for rapid industrial development of any nation. Samples of moulding sand at green state were collected from four different moulding sand deposits within Ado-Ekiti in Nigeria. The samples were prepared using ASTM and British standards, while the materials’ Physico-mechanical properties were evaluated using American Foundry Society (AFS) guidelines. The results obtained from the tests were compared with the AFS’s satisfactory mould sand properties for various types of metal castings. The sand samples were found to meet the requirements for casting various metals of different types like Aluminum, brass and bronze, light and malleable iron, light and medium grey iron, except heavy steel. The presence of red oxide in the sands and the specimens’ higher compressive strength values show that the natural sands will be suitable for casting of non- ferrous metal of low temperature. Effective application of the sample sands in casting will also enhance industrialization, job creation and the nation self-reliance through reduction in importation of foundry sand and foundry products into the