Browsing by Author "Faruk, Nasir"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 25
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    An Implementation of Synchronous Virtual Learning Syste
    (Faculty of Communication and Information Sciences, 2014-11) Balogun, A. Naeem; Bello, W. Olayiwola; Ehira, N. David; Ayeni, K. James; Faruk, Nasir
    The attendant escalating demand for education at all levels, and the compelling need to provide education for all irrespective of environmental, social or cultural circumstances have meant that the country must of necessity find the most appropriate and cost effective means to respond adequately to the huge unmet demand for education. Thus, this paper presents the implementation of a robust, reliable, efficient, effective, and cost-effective Synchronous Virtual Learning Solution. The Virtual Learning system consists of basically the e-learning portal and a virtual conference room. The e-learning portal was built using PHP server side scripting language, while the conference room was developed by adopting BigBlueButton (an open source video conference server) to facilitate Synchronous communication between the students and the lecturer. The video conference server (BigBlueButton), configured with a live Internet Protocol address was hosted on a dedicated server at the campus network operating center in the University of Ilorin, to enable both onsite and remote users gain access to the e-learning system. The result of its implementation, when tested with both onsite and remote users, proves its feasibility for future deployment
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    Comparative Study of Routing Protocol Performance in Mobile Ad hoc Network
    (faculty of Communication and Information Sciences, University of Ilorin, Kwara , Nigeria., 2019-05-08) sowande, olugbenga, A.; Salami, Ramat; Adebowale, Quadri., R; Faruk, Nasir; Olawoyin, Lukmon, A; Adeniran, Temitope, C; Oloyede, A. ,A.
    Over the decades amazing progress has been observed in the world of wireless and mobile communication that ushers in the era in which laptops, smartphones and sensors have become pervasive, inexpensive and rapidly available. Due to the high mobility and dynamic nature of the network finding an effective and efficient routing protocol for a particular scenario is often a challenge. This paper basically focuses on the comparative study of the performance of the routing protocols (Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Optimized Link State Routing(OLSR)) using OPNET (Optimized Network Engineering Tool). Four scenarios were created, and each scenario with different nodes and run on three application services (HTTP, FTP and Video conferencing). The performance of the protocols was compared based on certain metrics (Throughput, end-to-end Delay, Load). The simulation results show that the AODV on the average performed better than OLSR and DSR, but OLSR will be preferred for real-time application and higher number of connected nodes in a MANET system.
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    Comparative Study of Routing Protocol Performance in Mobile Ad hoc Network
    (Faculty of Communication and Information Sciences, University of Ilorin, Kwara , Nigeria., 2019-05) sowande, Olugbenga; Salami, Ramat; Adebowale, Q.R.; Faruk, Nasir; Olawoyin, Lukmon, A; Adeniran, T.C.; Oloyede, A.A
    Over the decades amazing progress has been observed in the world of wireless and mobile communication that ushers in the era in which laptops, smartphones and sensors have become pervasive, inexpensive and rapidly available. Due to the high mobility and dynamic nature of the network finding an effective and efficient routing protocol for a particular scenario is often a challenge. This paper basically focuses on the comparative study of the performance of the routing protocols (Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Optimized Link State Routing(OLSR)) using OPNET (Optimized Network Engineering Tool). Four scenarios were created, and each scenario with different nodes and run on three application services (HTTP, FTP and Video conferencing). The performance of the protocols was compared based on certain metrics (Throughput, end-to-end Delay, Load). The simulation results show that the AODV on the average performed better than OLSR and DSR, but OLSR will be preferred for real-time application and higher number of connected nodes in a MANET system.
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    COVID-19 lockdown and remote attendance teaching in developing countries: A review of some online pedagogical resources
    (Taylor and Francis, 2022) Raji, Wasiu O; Oloyede, Abdulkareem, A; Faruk, Nasir
    The Corona Virus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has negatively impacted teaching and learning globally, imposing widespread closure of schools from the elementary to tertiary levels. As of 14 April 2020, teaching activities of over 1.75 billion students globally were disrupted in about 200 countries that have implemented full or partial lockdown across the world. At the time of writing, the duration of the current pandemic cannot be ascertained. Therefore, the teaching and learning process should also adapt to the new normal, which includes suitable social distancing, self isolation and other disruptive guidelines outlined by the World Health Organization. Thus, more than ever, COVID-19 has now emphasized the necessity to embrace different and flexible methods of teaching and, by extension, learning. Therefore, e-teaching and e-learning have emerged as complementary solutions that reduce disruption to educational activities. Despite having a solution in online teaching to reduce the effect of COVID-19 on education, it’s noteworthy that the solution is not available to every educator, learner and school, especially in developing countries. In developing countries, especially across Africa, lack of awareness of the existing online teaching resources and their suitability for remote attendance teaching and lack of skill sets required for using the resources are the issues impeding online teaching. This paper reviews and evaluates twenty-two (22) remote attendance teaching resources, their special features and system requirements. The technical requirements, suitability, and limitations of each application are considered. The implementation challenges of using the resources are discussed, and some solutions are recommended.
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    Design and Implementation of an Automated Attendance Monitoring System for a Nigerian University using RFID
    (African Journal of Computing & ICT, 2019-06) Adeniran, Temitayo; Sanni, Y; Faruk, Nasir; Olawoyin, L.A.
    The attendance taking- process of any institution including universities and other tertiary institutions is an essential part of justifying the excellence of a particular student. Conventional attendance management system involving the use of attendance sheet and signing has proved to have some associated problems such as time wasting, fake attendance and misplacement of attendance sheet, thus making the system inefficient and ineffective. The application was developed using Microsoft Visual Basic and Microsoft Access as the database. This research work successfully designed and implemented an RFID-based Attendance Monitoring System (AMS) that automatically takes attendance and calculates the percentages via scanning the Unique Identifier (UID) of a tag which represents each student. The designed system proved to be effective such that it processes information gathered from the tags within an average of 219ms read time and a narrow error margin of 0 during the subjected trials.
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    Economics of Dynamic Spectrum Access
    (Faculty of CIS, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, 2017-05) Lukman A, Olawoyin; Oloyede, Abdulkarim A; Faruk, Nasir; Adediran, Yinusa A
    Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) was introduced to enhance spectral efficiency as a result of increasing demand for the use of the radio spectrum and to combat the inefficiencies associated with static spectrum allocation. However, it is envisaged that the DSA would result in a drop in revenue, increase in operational costs and could leads to congestion of the network as a result of interference imposed due to secondary usage of the spectrum. Moreover, there is also a need to reduce the energy consumption of the system which could combat the climate change. This therefore, necessitates, the need to examine the social-economic aspect of the DSA systems. The paper investigates the appropriateness of an auction process in DSA networks. Game theory was used to propose a model that helps solving the pricing challenges expected of an auction-based DSA network. The results presented show that, if properly implemented, the DSA can help in congestion management, increase in revenue generation, decrease in operational costs and reduction in in energy consumption.
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    Effect of Membership Functions and Data Size on the Performance of ANFIS-Based Model for Predicting Path Losses in the VHF and UHF Bands
    (Journal of Engineering Research (JER) - Kuwait University, 2021-10) Surajudeen-Bakinde, N. T.; Faruk, Nasir; Abdulkarim, Abubakar; Oloyede, Abdulkarim A.; Olawoyin, Lukman A.; Popoola, Segun I.; Sowande, Olugbenga; Adetiba, Emmanuel
    Today, the world is technology-driven and so of these technologies are driven using wireless systems. Signal coverage and quality of service are pertinent for network providers and path loss prediction is very important in the design and planning of these systems. However, the inefficiency of conventional propagation models, such as empirical, deterministic and theoretical models has been established in previous research works. The machine learning methods have recently been applied for prediction of path losses. The Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) technique is one of the machine learning techniques that has been successfully employed to predict path losses in different environments. However, the performance of the ANFIS-based models in terms of the computational complexity and accuracy depends on the selection of the appropriate system parameters. This paper, therefore, investigates the effect of number and shape of membership function (MF), and training data size on the performance of ANFIS model for predicting path losses in the VHF and UHF bands in built-up environments. Path loss propagation measurements were conducted in four cities of Nigeria over the cellular and broadcasting frequencies. A total of 17 broadcast transmission and cellular base stations were utilized for this study. From the results obtained, it can be concluded for the broadcasting bands that the generalized bell MF shows better performance with an average RMSE of 3.00 dB across all the routes, followed by gaussian, Pi, trapezoid and triangular MFs in that other with average RMSE values of 3.09 dB, 3.11 dB, 3.16 dB and 3.23 dB respectively. For the cellular systems, Triangular MF outperformed other MFs with the lowest average RMSE. The generalized bell MF was found to be suited for WCDMA band while triangular MF is most suited for GSM band. Furthermore, it can also be concluded that the higher the number of membership functions, the lower the RMSE, whereas, a decrease in the data size leads to a reduction in the RMSE values. The findings of this study would help researchers and network planners to make a more informed decision on choosing appropriate system parameters when modeling ANFIS models for path loss prediction.s
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    Energy Consumption in Perpetual Wireless Sensor Networks
    (Zaria Journal of Electrical Engineering Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2020-09-30) Abdulkarim, Oloyede; Lukman, Olawoyin; Faruk, Nasir; Abdulkarim, Abubakar; ABdulrahman, Otuoze
    Abstract: This paper investigates the amount of energy consumed in different configuration for perpetual wireless sensor networks. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) represent an area of networking that become pivotal in many applications. The use of WSNs for the monitoring of environments, habitats as well as systems within industry and healthcare has made WSNs a crucial area of research within recent years. The principles behind WSNs involve the deployment of remote sensing and relay nodes, able to collect and transmit raw data for processing. Applications such as remote environmental monitoring present new challenges such as the prospect of developing networks that can operate perpetually to collect data for as long as possible. Simulation and theoretical analysis were done using the networking simulator DENSE. DENSE is presented to provide insight into what protocols and energy saving techniques can be employed to establish the possible feasibility of constructing PWSN. The results show that mesh is the most realistic due to its energy distribution and optimization over a large area for a great number of nodes; however, a small single hop based network can provide good result for energy consumption and packet success rates.
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    HATA, COST - 231, EGLI and ILORIN - A Performance Assessmen
    (LAUTECH Journal of Engineering and Technology,, 2014-08-02) Ayeni, A., A; Faruk, Nasir; Sowande, olugbenga , A; Onidare, Samuel , O.; Bello, O. , W.; Surajudeen-Bakinde, N., T.
    nformation carried through the wireless medium are subject to impairments due to several events along the route of transmission, leading to path losses. For effective network planning therefore, these events and their effects on radio propagation need to be known and accounted for. In this work, we studied the radio propagation profile, along selected routes in Ilorin, Kwara State due to transmissions from the NTA, Ilorin, the Harmony FM and the University of Ilorin FM transmitters. Each of the routes are divided into segments, as seen, in the figures. The measurements were made, using the N9432C Agilent spectrum analyzer. Analysis, of obtained data, showed that the nature of the environment, affects radio propagation. Even within the same route and all other conditions the same, the models’ relative performances vary, from one segment to the other. The performances of the models corroborate the notion that empirical models are environment-specific.
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    HATA, COST - 231, EGLI and ILORIN - A Performance Assessment
    (Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho., 2014) Ayeni, Adeseko A.; Faruk, Nasir; Sowande, Olugbenga A.; Onidare, Samuel O.; Bello, Olayiwola W.; Surajudeen-Bakinde, Nazmat T.
    Information carried through the wireless medium are subject to impairments due to several events along the route of transmission, leading to path losses. For effective network planning therefore, these events and their effects on radio propagation need to be known and accounted for. In this work, we studied the radio propagation profile, along selected routes in Ilorin, Kwara State due to transmissions from the NTA, Ilorin, the Harmony FM and the University of Ilorin FM transmitters. Each of the routes are divided into segments, as seen, in the figures. The measurements were made, using the N9432C Agilent spectrum analyzer. Analysis, of obtained data, showed that the nature of the environment, affects radio propagation. Even within the same route and all other conditions the same, the models’ relative performances vary, from one segment to the other. The performances of the models corroborate the notion that empirical models are environment-specific.
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    The Journey of 5G Mobile Communication Networks
    (faculty of Communication and Information Sciences, University of Ilorin, Kwara , Nigeria., 2018-04-21) sowande, olugbenga, Akinkunmi; Idachaba, Francis; Agboje, E; Adebowale, Quadri, R.; Faruk, Nasir; Olawoyin, Lukmon; Onidare, Samuel, O.; Ilesanmi, Olufemi
    It is expected by 2020 5G cellular technologies will be rolled out, and it is expected to provide higher data rate, reduces end-to-end delay, ultra-low energy consumption and interconnects to other existing and emerging technology (autonomous systems). Different working groups have proposed different template that will suite 5G cellular network, but these can only be achieved by harmonizing all these standards, policies and regulations to achieve this goal. This study focused on how existing mobile cellular technologies can be fused into the proposed 5G cellular technology and highlight key challenges that will be experienced from planning phase to full deployment phase.
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    Large Scale Spectrum Survey in Rural and Urban Environments within the 50 MHz- 6 GHz Bands
    (Elsevier- Measurements, 2016-05-12) Faruk, Nasir; Bello, O., W; Sowande, O., A.; Onidare, S., O.; Muhammad, M., Y.; Ayeni, A., A.
    In-depth spectrum measurement was conducted in rural and urban locations, covering 50 MHz–6 GHz bands, during the weekdays and weekends. A modified duty cycle metric is presented by introducing a space variable into the existing metrics available today. An adaptive energy detection threshold technique was employed, the results indicate the average spectral occupancy of 0.18%, and 5.08% in rural and urban locations respectively during weekdays and 1.45% on weekends for urban locations. Furthermore, short and long term temporal variations of the duty cycle for each of the bands were studied, and it was found that GSM 900 shows significant temporal variation when compared with GSM 1800. It was also found that the choice of the detection threshold would significantly affect the duty cycle as GSM 900 and 1800 give exponential decay with increase in detection threshold while TV band shows very sharp exponential decay which becomes invariant after 85 dBm.
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    Large Spectrum Survey in Rural and Urban Environments, within the 50 MHz - 6 GHz Bands
    (ELSEVIER, 2016) Faruk, Nasir; Bello, Olayiwola W.; Sowande, Olugbenga A.; Onidare, Samuel O.; Muhammad, Mujaheed Y.; Ayeni, Adeseko A.
    In-depth spectrum measurement was conducted in rural and urban locations, covering 50 MHz - 6 GHz bands, during the weekdays and weekends. A modified duty cycle metric is presented by introducing a space variable into the existing metrics available today. An adaptive energy detection threshold technique was employed, the results indicate the average spectral occupancy of 0.18%, and 5.08% in rural and urban locations respectively during weekdays and 1.45% on weekends for urban locations. Furthermore, short and long term temporal variations of the duty cycle for each of the bands were studied, and it was found that GSM 900 shows significant temporal variation when compared with GSM 1800. It was also found that the choice of the detection threshold would significantly affect the duty cycle as GSM 900 and 1800 give exponential decay with increase in detection threshold while TV band shows very sharp exponential decay which becomes invariant after -85 dBm
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    Large-Scale radio propagation path loss measurements and predictions in the VHF and UHF bands
    (Heliyon- Elsevier, 2021-06) Faruk, Nasir; Abdulrasheed, I.Y; Surajudeen-Bakinde, N.T.; Adetiba, E.; Oloyede, A.A.; Abdulkarim, A.; Sowande, O.; Ifijeh, A.H.; Atayero, A.A.
    For decades now, a lot of radio wave path loss propagation models have been developed for predictions across different environmental terrains. Amongst these models, empirical models are practically the most popular due to their ease of application. However, their prediction accuracies are not as high as required. Therefore, extensive path loss measurement data are needed to develop novel measurement-oriented path loss models with suitable correction factors for varied frequency, capturing both local terrain and clutter information, this have been found to be relatively expensive. In this paper, a large-scale radio propagation path loss measurement campaign was conducted across the VHF and UHF frequencies. A multi-transmitter propagation set-up was employed to measure the strengths of radio signals from seven broadcasting transmitters (operating at 89.30, 103.5, 203.25, 479.25, 615.25, 559.25 and 695.25 MHz respectively) at various locations covering a distance of 145.5 km within Nigerian urban environments. The measurement procedure deployed ensured that the data obtained strictly reflect the shadowing effects on radio signal propagation by filtering out the small-scale fading components. The paper also, examines the feasibilities of applying Kriging method to predict distanced-based path losses in the VHF and UHF bands. This method was introduced to minimize the cost of measurements, analysis and predictions of path losses in built-up propagation environments.
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    Practical Error Bounds of Empirical Models at VHF/UHF Bands
    (2016) Onidare, Samuel O.; Faruk, Nasir; Bello, Olayiwola W.; Mohammed, Mujaheed Y.; Sowande, Olugbenga A.; Ayeni, Adeseko A.
    Empirical path loss models are widely used to predict signal propagation behavior in an environment. In this paper, a multi-transmitter scenario was used to bound the errors of five widely used empirical propagation path loss models in predicting radio waves propagation in the UHF and VHF bands in Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria. A drive test was conducted using a dedicated Agilent N9342C spectrum analyzer along seven different routes that span urban and open areas. Three transmitters were utilized in the campaign (National Television Authority NTA Ilorin, Harmony FM and Unilorin FM). The prediction error, root mean square error (RMSE), skewness of the error distribution and the relative error were further computed and presented. Furthermore, the performance of the models were also cor-related with their design parameters and constraints. The analysis reveals that, of the five models investigated, the error bounds of the ECC model is very high, hence its accuracy for Ilorin terrain, while the three models of Cost-231, Hata and Ilorin (a localized model) were below the acceptable tolerable values for the metrics used and the Egli model falls within a reasonable range of the acceptable values of 6-7dB for urban areas and 10-15dB for Suburban and rural areas. For example, while the ECC model recorded RMSE values of 54.11dB, 52.23dB and 52.41dB for the three transmitters, the corresponding values for the Hata model were; 7.9 dB, 8.37 dB and 10.13 dB, for the COST 231 model: 8.46 dB, 10.09 dB and 9.66 dB and for the Ilorin model, the RMSE values were; 8.51 dB, 8.50 dB and 10.57 dB. The RMSE values obtained for the Egli model are 16.77 dB, 14.50 dB and 10.90 dB respectively. Finally, it was found that the error distribution for each model followed the terrain profile of the routes.
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    Reliability Study of Stand-alone Hybrid Renewable Energy Microgrids
    (Iran J Sci Technol Trans Electr Eng, 2018-10-18) Bakinde, Surajudeen; Faruk, Nasir; Segun, Popoola; Muhammad, Salman; Abdulkarim, Oloyede; Lukman A, Olawoyin; C.T, Calafate
    This paper proposed new indices for investigating the reliability of the microgrid at different levels. The microgrid used has been developed in DigSILENT software and is comprised of wind, solar, battery storage and a diesel generator. The software was used to observe the effect of system demand and the failure rate of each component at three indices levels. Different simulations had shown that an increase in the system demand affects average energy not supplied, EIC, and average customer curtailment index. Also, at load point, LPIC and load point energy not supply among others are sensitive to system demand. This work proposes a new approach to study the effect of network structure on the reliability of a microgrid. The proposed method employs the prioritization of component importance on microgrid configuration. The results obtained show that the contribution of components to the system’s reliability depends on the network structure. This could be used in identifying direction, priority, and upgrading and suggests the most efficient way to operate and maintain a microgrid.
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    A Review on Optimal Siting and Sizing of D-STATCOM
    (Faculty of Engineering Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia, 2022-02) Wesley, Dansarki Nanly; Abdulkarim, Abubakar; Okorie, Patrick Ubeh; Jabire, Adamu Halilu; Saminu, Sani; Faruk, Nasir; Oloyode, Abdulkarim; Madugu, Ibrahim Sani; Lawan, A. U.; Rosma, Iswadi Hasyim
    The continuous demand for electrical energy by industries and domestic users have stressed the electricity consumption to a high level. Because most components of domestic and industrial systems are made of power electronics devices in their designs. In addition, modern electrical power distribution networks (DNs) are subjected to major disturbances. Consequently, today’s power system is laden with power quality problems such as excessive energy losses, voltage deviations, poor power factor (PF), voltage instability and reliability issues to mentioned just a few. To forestall these disturbances, Distribution Engineers have introduced the use of Custom Power Devices (CPDs) in order to reduce power losses so as improve power quality. Amongst CPDs, Distribution Static Compensator (D-STATCOM) proves most promising in minimizing power quality issues because it generates minimal harmonics, waste less power, has small size, high regulatory capability and cost effective. Researchers in recent years have focused on methodologies required for identifying the most suitable location and rating of D- STATCOM device based on divergent views. However, to date, only one author has so far reviewed a paper on this aspect of study. This paper discusses the latest study on appropriate installation and rating of D-STATCOM techniques for balanced and unbalanced radial distribution networks (UBRDNs). The paper has also provided a comprehensive literature study on the location of DSTATCOM in RDNs for power loss reduction and power quality enhancement. Comparative analyses of various techniques for development of DSTATCOM Objective functions and constraints; Merits and Demerits are presented.
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    Secure transmission in an unfriendly environment
    (Published by Elsevier BV, 2019-10-01) Lukman A, Olawoyin; Faruk, Nasir; Abdulkarim, Oloyede; Segun, Popoola; Temitayo, Adeniran; Bakinde, Surajudeen; Abdulkarim, Abubakar
    This work investigates and show the performance of destination assisted node in ensuring secure communication in a dual-hop broadcast system. The information transmission occurs between the transmitters which are assumed to be equipped with single antenna through a number of intermediate untrusted relays to the receiver in the presence of multiple passive eavesdroppers. This work assumes that there is no direct link between the transmitter and the receiver and hence, the relay node, receives either the information or noise signal at every transmission processes. Since the transmission occurs in a two-phase, the legitimate receiver is contributing a degrading noise to both the eavesdropper and relay node channels during the first phase while it receives information from the transmitter through the relay during the second phase. Simulation results are used to illustrate the performance of the proposed scheme.
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    Short-Term Variation of Duty Cycle in the VHF and UHF Bands
    (IEEE, 2015-12-21) Babalola, O., D.; Garba, Emorseh; Temitope, O., I.; Bamiduro, A., S.; Faruk, Nasir; Sowande, olugbenga , A.; Bello, Olayiwola , W.; Ayeni, A.,A.; Muhammad, M., Y.
    worrisome with respect to scarce resources of the radio spectrum. TV bands, spanning across has being in existence for quite a while now and much of the frequency bands, within these range, have been allocated to FM stations, TV stations and DTV stations in Nigeria. In this paper we conducted a 24-hours outdoor measurement of spectrum occupancy in both rural and urban locations in Kwara State, Nigeria, spanning across the frequency range of 48.5 MHz – 870 MHz. The results obtained show that TV band 3 was the most occupied TV band in both rural and urban areas, with occupancy of up 20.26% and 37.27% respectively. Also the mean average of the duty cycle in the urban location is 12.02% compared to 2.58% in the rural locations. Findings from this measurements show that there is ample opportunity for deployment of software defined radio for a more efficient utilization of the spectrum.
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    Spatial variability analysis of duty cycle in GSM band
    (IEEE, 2018-02-08) Faruk, Nasir; Imam-Fulani, Yusuf; Sikiru, Ismael, A.; popoola, Segun, I.; Oloyede, Abdulkarim, A; Olawoyin, Lukmon, A.; Surajudeen-Bakinde, N. , T.
    The introduction of new kinds of technological products, applications and services that rely on wireless communications has resulted into an upsurge in global mobile data traffic. There is, therefore, a need to investigate the efficient utilization of the limited available radio spectrum. In this paper, we examine the spatial variation of spectrum occupancy (i.e. duty cycle) in the GSM 900 MHz band within Kwara State, Nigeria. Experimental results show that there is a very high spatial variance in duty cycle from one location to the other with mean occupancies of 1.67% and 17.76% in rural and urban locations respectively. It is worthy to mention that some rural locations recorded 0% duty cycle. Therefore, the telecommunication industry in Nigeria should adopt useful techniques to maximize the scarce radio resources, especially for rural areas.