Browsing by Author "Enaibe, BU"
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Item Beneficial effects of low dose Musa paradisiaca on the semen quality of male Wistar rats.(Nigerian Medical Journal, 2013) Alabi, AS; Omotoso, Gabriel Olaiya; Enaibe, BU; Akinola, OB; Tagoe, CNBBackground: This study aimed at determining the effects of administration of mature green fruits of Musa paradisiaca on the semen quality of adult male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: The animals used for the study were grouped into three: the control group, given 2 ml of double distilled water, a low dose group given 500 mg/kg/day and a high dose group given 1000 mg/kg/day of the plantain fruits, which was made into flour, and dissolved in 2 ml of double distilled water for easy oral administration. Results: Significant increment in the semen parameters was noticed in animals that received a lower dose of the plantain flour, but those animals who received the high dose had marked and very significant reduction in sperm cell concentration and percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa. Conclusion: Musa paradisiaca should be consumed in moderate quantities in order to derive its beneficial effects of enhancing male reproductive functions.Item Developmental changes in frontocortical morphology and neurochemistry of neonatal rats following gestational nicotine exposure.(Anatomy Journal of Africa,, 2017) Omotoso, Gabriel Olaiya; Alabi, AS; Akinola, OB; Enaibe, BUExposure of the embryo or foetus to nicotine during development results in some forms of neurological deficits later in life. The current study aimed at determining the effects of prenatal nicotine administration during the 1st and 2nd gestational weeks on the frontal cortex of neonatal Wistar rats. For each week of gestation, pregnant Wistar rats were assigned to 3 groups: a control group (1), and two treated groups (2 and 3), and were given intra-peritoneal nicotine at 6.88 mg/ kg and 13.76 mg/kg doses respectively. The weights of the litters were taken at birth and at postnatal day 4; the whole brain and frontal cortical weights were also assessed. Tissues for histological demonstration were fixed in freshly prepared formol calcium, while specimen for biochemical studies were homogenised and processed for the determination of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) activities. Findings in the treated animals showed low birth weights, raised ALP but reduced MDA, with corresponding alterations in the cortical cytoarchitecture, which could explain some of the pathological basis for the neurobehavioural problems associated with offspring of women smokers.Item Effects of unripe Musa paradisiaca on the histochemistry of the testis and testosterone levels in adult albino rats.(Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences,, 2017) Alabi, Ade Stephen; Omotoso, Gabriel Olaiya; Tagoe, CNB; Akinola, OB; Enaibe, BUSummary: This study was aimed at determining the effects of the unripe fruit of Musa paradisiaca on the testis and testosterone levels in male Wistar rats. The animals were grouped into three, comprising a control, and 2 treatment groups administered with different doses (500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg) daily of the fruit flour over 28 days. Histochemical evaluation of the testes was done using Haematoxylin and Eosin, Periodic acid Schiff’s (PAS) and Feulgen staining techniques, while the serum and homogenised testicular tissue were evaluated for testosterone levels using Accu-Bind ELISA Kit. The testis of the treated groups showed more rapidly dividing cells and more population of sperm cells compared to the control group, and also showed more positivity for Feulgen staining and PAS reaction. Both serum and testicular testosterone levels were however reduced. Serum testosterone was significantly lowered in the animals given the low dose (0.67 ± 0.03 ng/ml), compared to those given high dose (0.85 ± 0.02 ng/ml) and the control animals (1.88 ± 0.15 ng/ml) (p < 0.05). Changes in testicular testosterone were not statistically significant. The study suggests that M. paradisiaca fruit has reproductive enhancing potential when consumed moderately, but this benefit may not be related to testosterone levels.Item Garlic consumption alters testicular histology and anti-oxidant status in Wistar rats.(The Tropical Journal of Health Sciences, 2012) Omotoso, Gabriel Olaiya; Oyewopo, AO; Onanuga, Ismail Olashile; Enaibe, BUGarlic is known for its cell and tissue-protective functions. This study examined the effects of aqueous garlic extract on the histology of the testes of Wistar rats and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Twenty-four (24) rats with an average weight of 116 g were used. They were randomly grouped into three: Group A Control: was given distilled water; Group B: was given 500 mg/kg/d aqueous garlic extract; and Group C: received 1000 mg/kg/d aqueous garlic extract; all for 28 days. Findings revealed progressive depletion in sperm cell population, reduction in size of seminiferous tubules, and widening interstitial space. SOD activity was significantly reduced in both treated groups in a dose-dependent fashion. These histological observations and the depletion in endogenous anti-oxidant status associated with the administration of garlic could result in significant affectation of male reproductive functions.Item Gestational nicotine exposure alters oligodendrocyte morphology and axonal myelination in the lateral prefrontal cortex of young Wistar rats.(Nigerian Journal of Neuroscience,, 2015) Omotoso, Gabriel Olaiya; Alabi, AS; Femi-Akinlosotu, Omowumi; Akinola, OB; Enaibe, BU; Caxton-Martins, Ezekiel AdemolaPrenatal exposure of the foetus to chemical insults has implications on the overall growth and development of the baby before and after birth. This study examined the effects of prenatal exposure to nicotine on the morphology of oligodendrocytes which are responsible for the development of myelin in the central nervous system, and are critical in neurodevelopment. Twenty adult female Wistar rats were used for the study. Their oestrous cycle was determined by vaginal smearing, and subsequently exposed to male rats for mating. The female Wistar rats were thereafter grouped into two and each group was further subdivided into a saline-treated control and a nicotine-treated subgroup. Each treatment lasted 5 consecutive days between days 9-13 (Group A) and days 16-20 (Group B) of pregnancy. The pups were allowed to grow and, at postnatal day 15, were euthanized and perfusion-fixed transcardially. The lateral prefrontal cortex was processed for histochemical, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies. Findings indicated marked decrease in oligodendrocyte count, reduced expression of myelin basic protein (MBP), and impaired myelin formation. These changes can affect the normal growth and development of the brain with severe implications on cognitive and motor functions after birth.Item Histological evaluation of the embryotoxic and neurotoxic effects of Mangifera indica in prenatally exposed Wistar rats(Journal of Experimental and Clinical Anatomy, 2012) Enaibe, BU; Omotoso, Gabriel Olaiya; Ayanwale, OOItem Histological evaluation of the jejunum and ileum of rats after administration of high dose garlic aqueous extract.(International Journal of Health Sciences, 2012) Omotoso, Gabriel Olaiya; Enaibe, BU; Muonagolu, JNObjectives This study investigated the adverse effects of excessive consumption of garlic on the small intestine (jejunum and ileum) of adult male Wistar rats. Methodology Sixteen (16) Wistar rats with average weight of 181.5 g were grouped into two: Control Group A which received distilled water, and Treatment Group B which received 1000 mg/kg/ml aqueous extract of garlic, orally for 28 weeks. The aqueous extraction of raw garlic was done to obtain a concentration of 1000 mg/kg/ml. The animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation after the last day of administration, and tissues for histological studies were fixed in buffered formalin, while those for enzyme studies were homogenised, and appropriate biochemical kits used to study the activities of acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Results The histological sections of the jejunum of animals that received the high dose of aqueous garlic extract revealed the presence of vacuolations, cell death and loss of epithelium, and intact muscle layer; the Periodic-Acid Schiff (PAS) positivity also reduced, while the ileum also showed degeneration of the brush borders, loss of epithelial cells, reduction in the number of goblet cells, vacuolations, and a reduced intensity of PAS positivity. Activities of ACP, ALP and LDH in the jejunum and ileum were increased. Conclusion Consumption of excessive amount of garlic could cause structural changes to the intestinal tract, which are capable of affecting intestinal functions, such as decrease in glycogen activity in the small intestine, and impairment of the absorptive activities.Item Liver enzymes derangement and the influence of diet in animals given oral albendazole(Nigerian Medical Journal, 2013) Omotoso, Gabriel Olaiya; Enaibe, BU; Oyewopo, AO; Onanuga, Ismail OlashileBackground: Albendazole is used as an anthelmintic in the treatment of some parasitic infections. This study determined how the effects of albendazole on liver enzymes are influenced by diet. Materials and Method: Thirty adult male Wistar rats of mean weight 304.12 ± 11.34 g were randomly grouped into five: Group A: Control, was given rat pellets and water only; Group B received 15 mg/kg/d of albendazole while fasting; Group C received 15 mg/kg/d of albendazole with fatty meal; Group D received 15 mg/kg/d of albendazole with normal diet (rat pellets); and, Group E received 30 mg/kg/d of albendazole with normal diet (rat pellets); they were given orally for 3 consecutive days. The animals were sacrificed thereafter and blood samples obtained for quantitative study of the serum activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Results: Significant elevation in the serum levels of the transaminases especially in animals which were on their normal diet (rat pellets), while ALP was either reduced or increased based on dietary factors. Conclusions: Oral administration of albendazole before meal or with a fatty diet could help limit severe elevation of liver enzymes associated with its use, while still ensuring optimal efficacy.Item Microarchitectural changes in the superior colliculli of male Wistar rats after cigarette and cotton wool smoke exposure(The Tropical Journal of Health Sciences, 2013) Omotoso, Gabriel Olaiya; Enaibe, BU; Caxton-Martins, EAItem Morphological and neurohistological changes in adolescent rats administered with nicotine during intrauterine life(Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences, 2013) Omotoso, Gabriel Olaiya; Ibitolu, JO; Femi-Akinlosotu, OM; Akinola, OB; Enaibe, BUTobacco smoking has been linked to many preventable diseases affecting various organs and systems of the body, including the brain. The current study was conducted to demonstrate the histological changes observable in the cerebral cortex of young Wistar rats exposed to nicotine during gestation. Vaginal smearing was conducted for the female Wistar rats to determine their oestrous cycle, after which they were exposed to male rats overnight, for mating. Pregnancy was confirmed and the pregnant rats were divided into 3 groups based on the 3 trimesters (A, B, C), with each group having a control and a treated subgroup. The Control Groups (A1, B1, C1) were given 0.1 ml of normal saline i. p., while the Treated Groups (A2, B2, C2) received 0.06 mg/kg/0.1 ml of nicotine intra-peritoneally. Treatment was for a period of 6 days only within each trimester for all subgroups. The pregnant animals were allowed to litter, and at postnatal day 35 they were sacrificed. The skull was dissected to expose and remove the brain; the temporal and parietal cortices were excised and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for histological tissue preparation, using cresyl fast violet staining techniques. Exposure of the developing brain to nicotine during gestation resulted in various degrees of abnormalities in the cytoarchitecture of the parietal and temporal cortices of young rats. The gestational period of nicotine exposure and specific cortical affectation are important factors to consider while investigating neurological abnormalities in offspring of tobacco smokers.Item uprizone toxicity and Garcinia kola biflavonoid complex activity on hippocampal morphology and neurobehaviour(Heliyon, Elsevier, 2019-02-26) Omotoso, GO; Olajide, OJ; Gbadamosi, IT; Adebayo, JO; Enaibe, BU; Akinola, OB; Owoyele, BVCuprizone-induced neurotoxicity has been employed to study the biology of remyelination in experimental models of multiple sclerosis. This study was aimed at determining the role of kolaviron, a biflavonoid from Garcinia kola, in mitigating the damaging effects of cuprizone on behaviour and the hippocampus. Twenty-four male albino mice aged 6–8 weeks were categorised into 4 equal groups: Group A (Control) received regular diet; Group B received 200 mg/kg/d of kolaviron in addition to their regular diet; Group C received 0.2% cuprizone diet only, while Group D received both kolaviron and cuprizone diet. The treatment lasted for 35 days after which behavioural tests (Morris water maze, Y maze and open field tests) were conducted and brain tissues were processed for histology, histochemistry (Nissl staining), immunohistochemistry (glial fibrillary acidic protein) and biochemistry (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase). Results showed that cuprizone toxicity led to weight loss, impairment in memory and exploratory drive, oxidative stress, chromatolysis and reactive astrocytosis; meanwhile administration of kolaviron prevented cuprizone-induced weight loss, memory decline, oxidative stress and neuromorphological alterations. In conclusion, administration of kolaviron might be useful in limiting the effects of cuprizone toxicity on the morphology and functions of the hippocampus.