Browsing by Author "Biliaminu, Sikiru"
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Item Extraction, isolation and evaluation of anti-toxic principles from Moringa oleifera (MOF6) and Myristica fragrans (Trimyristin) upregulated Acetylcholinesterase concentrations in Sodium arsenite-induced neurotoxicity in rats.(National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 2020-12) Akinlolu, Adelaja; Ameen, Mubarak; Quadri, Tobilola; Odubela, Kayode; Omotoso, Gabriel; Yahya, Rahmat; Biliaminu, Sikiru; Adeyanju, Muinat; Ebito, Gabriel; Otulana, JubrilThis study evaluated the neuroprotective effects of MOF6 (isolated from Moringa oleifera leaves) and Trimyristin (isolated from Myristica fragrans seeds) on Acetylcholinesterase concentrations in cerebral cortices of rats with Sodium arsenite-induced neurotoxicity. Sixty-five adult male rats (150 g-250 g) were randomly divided into thirteen groups comprising of five rats per group. Groups 1 and 3 received physiological saline and 1 ml/200 g bodyweight of Olive oil respectively for 9 weeks. Group 2 received 20 mg/kg bodyweight of Sodium arsenite (SA) for 6 weeks and left untreated for another 3 weeks. Groups 4-5 received 20 mg/kg bodyweight of SA for 3 weeks followed by treatments with 5.0 and 7.5 mg/kg bodyweight of MOF6 respectively for 6 weeks. Groups 6-7 received 20 mg/kg bodyweight of SA for 3 weeks followed by treatments with 15 and 30 mg/kg bodyweight of Trimyristin respectively for 6 weeks. Groups 8-11 received 5.0 and 7.5 mg/kg bodyweight of MOF6; 15 and 30 mg/kg bodyweight of Trimyristin respectively for 9 weeks. Groups 12-13 received 7.5 mg/kg bodyweight of MOF6 and 30 mg/kg bodyweight of Trimyristin respectively for 6 weeks followed by co-administration of each extract dose with 20 mg/kg bodyweight of SA for another 3 weeks. Histological examination of cerebral cortices and biochemical analyses of Acetylcholinesterase concentrations were carried out in all rats. Computed data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2016 with statistical significance at p≤0.05. Histopathological evaluations revealed normal histo-architecture of cerebral cortices of all rats. Results showed statistically significant (p≤0.05) increases in Acetylcholinesterase concentrations in rats of Groups 1-10 and 12 compared with Group 2 (2.78±1.76 𝜇mole/min/g). 7.5 mg/kg bodyweight of MOF6 showed the best therapeutic and neuro-regenerative potential against SA-induced neurotoxicity. Conclusions: Our findings implied that MOF6 and Trimyristin reversed downregulation of Acetylcholinesterase concentrations in SA-induced neurotoxicity in rats; and possess neuro-protective and neuro-regenerative potentials.Item Risperidone-induced hyperprolactinemia in a premenopausal woman: a case report(University of Lagos Medical Society, University of Lagos, 2018) Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Adegunloye, Olushola; Biliaminu, Sikiru; Wahab, OluwasegunA common side effect of antipsychotic medications used to treat psychotic patients is hyperprolactinemia. Its occurrence leads to dysfunction of the reproductive, endocrine and metabolic systems. This side effect which may be symptomatic or asymptomatic, is commonly under reported and under treated and may result in poor compliance. We present the case of a 35year old patient treated for psychotic depression with atypical antipsychotics, Risperidone and Amitrypiline, who presented with galactorrhea and amenorrhea which led her to stop her medications and consequently, a resurgence of the primary illness. Hormonal assay showed elevated Prolactin level which reduced significantly with institution of dopamine agonist Bromocriptine and a switch in medication to Aripripazole. These are examples of treatment strategies suggested in literatures reviewed. We recommended that clinicians pay more attention to hyperproclactenimia as an important side effect seen in patients taking antipsychotics which may reduce compliance.Item Serum zinc levels as a predictor of clinical features and outcome of paediatric acute lower respiratory infections in Nigeria.(Peadiatric Association of Nigeria, 2013) Ibraheem, Rasheedat; Johnson, 'Wahab; Abdulkarim, Aishatu; Abdulkadir, Mohammed; Oladele, Damilola; Biliaminu, SikiruBackground: Malnutrition, especially macronutrient deficiency, has been shown to be interrelated with ALRI-related morbidity and mortality. However the import of zinc deficiency has only recently become the focus of research attention. Objective: The current study was carried out in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria to determine the relationship between serum zinc levels, clinical features and outcome in hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI). Method: A descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study involving 120 children aged two months to five years with ALRI. Socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory data were obtained. The serum zinc was analyzed with a Jenway™ spectrophotometer after initial preparation with the QuantiChrom™ zinc assay kit. Results: Children with tachypnoea and crepitations had significantly lower mean serum zinc levels compared to the corresponding values in those without these features (each p<0.05). Significantly higher mean serum zinc level was recorded in children with grunting respiration compared with those without grunting (p=0.028). Age-related tachypnoea, grunting, and crepitations remained significant (each p<0.05) following a linear regression analysis. The mean serum zinc level in children with multiple complications was significantly lower than the corresponding level recorded in children who had one complication, p=0.020. No significant difference was found between the mean serum zinc level of the children who were discharged compared with the corresponding level recorded in those that died, p=0.589. Conclusion: The presence of crepitations had the strongest clinical association with a low serum zinc level. Children managed for ALRI would benefit from post-treatment zinc supplements and appropriate zinc-rich sources of food at discharge.