Browsing by Author "Bello, R. H and"

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    Occurrence and anti – fungal Sensitivity Testing of Candida Species isolated from Canine Conjunctivitis
    (International Journal of Veterinary Sciences Research., 2016-11-21) Olabode, H.O.K.;; Ameh, J. A.;; Egwu, G. O.;; Bello, R. H and; Nwniyi, F.C.
    Fungal infection in dogs and other domestic pets caused by Candida species have been previously reported. Several available antifungal drugs for treatment of yeast associated infections have been used with diverse effects. This study establishes antifungal susceptibility profile on identified Candida species isolates associated with canine conjunctivitis using disks diffusion method as described by NCCLS (M44-A). The antifungal disks used include Amphotericin-B (20mcg), Nystatin (100units), Itraconazole (10mcg), Ketaconazole (10mcg), Fluconazole (25mcg). The identified Candida species were C. albicans, C. krusei, C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis. Percentage susceptibility was high in both Amphotericin B (77.27%) and Nystatin (58.18%), while Itraconazole showed (54.54%), Ketoconazole (55.45%) and Fluconazole was least (11.82%). The sensitivity ranking showed Amphothericin B > Nystatin > Itraconazole > Ketoconazole > Fluconazole and increased resistance amongst the Azoles especially Fluconazole (70.90%) in comparison with Polyenes. C. albicans showed the highest resistance (84.51%) to both Fluconazole and ketoconazole (67.61%). C. parapsilosis showed 63.64% and 61.54% percentage resistance to Nystatin and Itraconazole respectively. In conclusion, this finding showed that Amphotericin B and Nystatin were most effective against isolated Candida species. Proper diagnosis of the underlying ailment is necessary in conjunction with routine anti-fungal susceptibility testing to avoid drug abuse and resistance.
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    Vesico – Vaginal Fistula (VVF): A Social Menace in Jos North, Plateau State, Nigeria
    (Biological and Environmental Sciences Journal for the Tropics, 2011-10-01) Olabode, H. O. K.; Ejiofor, C.E,; Okorie, F. O,; Bello, R. H and; Payi, K.C
    Following the growing concern over the increasing reports of morbidities associated with delivery in the northern and north-central parts of the country. A socio-economic impact survey of vesico-vaginal fistula (VVF) in young women was conducted in the Jos-North local government area in Plateau State, Nigeria, using hospital file records and questionnaires, supported with oral interviews and discussion sessions with 50 VVF patients. The study was carried out at the ECWA Evangel Hospital (Bingham University Teaching Hospital), popularly called "Jankwand Hospital," in Jos metropolis. The findings showed that young married women (76.0%) between the ages of 14-20 years who were experiencing their first delivery at the time of this ailment were mostly affected. Most of these victims were housewives (48.0%) with primary school education training and the majority (60.0%) practicing doctrines of the Islamic faith. However, 38.0% of these victims were Christians and a few (2%) traditionalists. Investigations revealed early marriage, prolonged labor, and poverty were the striking causes of VVF. Further interviews with the victims revealed that victims are often rejected by their wards, siblings, and healthcare personnel. They also find it difficult to reintegrate into their societal economic chores and would rather prefer the household activities due to stigmatization following complications associated with the ailment. Most victims (76.0%) were of the opinion that creating job opportunities would help re-integrate sufferers back into their various communities. In conclusion, VVF is an issue of growing concern amongst young, early childbearing, low-income, married women with little or no formal education in some Muslim communities in Jos-North and its environs, with associated serious social, economic, and religious implications. It is therefore suggested that continuous awareness and advocacy programs on the ailment be conducted, particularly in regions of high risk and endemicity at the grassroots level in collaboration with government, non-governmental, and faith-based organizations. The goals of gender and development and the need for adolescent girls and young women to negotiate for safe sex and a mature age of marriage as well as girl child education should be emphasized.