Browsing by Author "Amali, M.O"
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Item An Evaluation of the Impact of Zinc and Copper Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) on the Drug Release Profiles of Piroxicam(Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Development and Practice, 2020-06) Kola-Mustapha Adeola T; Ayuba, Aisha A.; Amali, M.O; Atunwa S.A.; Ishola F.; Tella A.C.Piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) poorly soluble in an aqueous medium with a slow and gradual dissolution in biological fluids resulting in sub-optimal efficacy in patients. In recent times, Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), a new class of highly tenable hybrid porous materials with unique properties have been explored for usage as drug carriers and other biomedical applications. This study is aimed at studying the solubility, in vitro release profile and kinetics of piroxicam loaded Zinc and Copper Metal-Organic Frameworks. Piroxicam was loaded on Zinc and Copper MOFs and tested for its solubility, dissolution and drug release profile. The mechanisms of the release pattern of the drug from Zinc and Copper MOFs were analysed using kinetic models. At the end of the study, Piroxicam-loaded Zn MOFs had solubility of 161.34 ± 0.63 μg/mL, while that of Cu MOFs and pure piroxicam had solubility of 154.31 ± 1.27 μg/mL and 134.86 ± 0.48 μg/mL respectively. Within a period of 24 hours, Piroxicam had the highest release from Zn MOFs; with a drug release in the range of 43.70 to 99.10%. Piroxicam was released from the loaded Cu MOFs in the range of 41.20 to 78.3% while the release of pure Piroxicam was in the range of 37.50 to 49.0%. Mechanism of piroxicam release was by Fickian diffusion. Piroxicam was successfully loaded on Zinc and Copper MOFs. Zn MOFs demonstrated a better solubility and dissolution profile as compared to Cu MOFs. These study shows the drug delivery potentials of the Zinc and Copper MOFs in improving the solubility and drug release of piroxicam.Item Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Ethanolic Extract Of The Stem Bark Of Kigelia Africana In Wistar Albino Mice and Rats(Nigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2012-03) Amali, M.O; Bello, M.K; Olatunji, L.O; Salawu, O; Olorundare, O.EKigelia africana (Lam) Benth has various ethno-medicinal uses in different parts of Africa. In the present study, defatted ethanolic extract of the stem bark of Kigelia africana was evaluated for analgesic effects in rats using an analgesy-meter and in mice using the tail immersion and acetic acid-induced writhing tests. The anti-inflammatory property of the extract was assessed in rats using the carrageenan-induced paw edema model. Graded doses (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) of Kigelia africana extract were administered intra-peritoneally 30 minutes prior to the induction of mechanical, thermal or chemically-induced pain in the rats and mice. Kigelia africana exhibited a dose-related and significant anti-nociceptive effect against acetic acid induced abdominal constrictions in mice. At a dose of 50 mg/kg the percentage of pain inhibition was 49.20% (p<0.01) while at 100 mg/kg, there was a 71.12% inhibition (p<0.01). The results of the tail immersion test in mice and from the analgesy- meter test in rats, also demonstrated that Kigelia africana exhibited significant analgesic properties. In addition, the extract produced significant antiinflammatory effect in the rats. These results confirm and justify the traditional use of Kigelia africana stem bark for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. They also suggest that the analgesic activity of the extract is mediated via inhibition of central and peripheral mechanisms. Inhibition of carrageenan-induced inflammation by the extract may be mediated in part by a non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitory mechanism.Item Detection of drug-responsive B lymphocytes and antidrug IgG in patients with b-lactam hypersensitivity(Allergy, 2017-11) Amali, M.O; Sullivan, A; Jenkins, R.E; Farrell, J; Meng, X; Faulkner, L; Whitaker, P; Park, B K; Naisbitt, D. JBackground: Delayed-type b-lactam hypersensitivity develops in subset of patients. The cellular immunological processes that underlie the drug-specific response have been described; however, little is known about involvement of the humoral immune system. Thus, the aim of this study was to utilize piperacillin hypersensitivity as an exemple to (i) develop cell culture methods for the detection of drug-specific B-cell responses, (ii) characterize drug-specific IgG subtypes and (iii) assess reactivity of IgG antibodies against proteins modified to different levels with piperacillin haptens. Methods: IgG secretion and CD19+CD27+ expression on B cells were measured using ELISPOT and flow cytometry, respectively. A piperacillin–BSA adduct was used as an antigen in ELISA antibody binding studies. Adducts generated using different ratios of drug to protein were used to determine the degree of conjugation required to detect IgG binding. Results: B cells from hypersensitive patients, but not controls, were stimulated to secrete IgG and increase CD27 expression when cultured with soluble piperacillin. A piperacillin–BSA adduct with cyclized and hydrolysed forms of the hapten bound to eight lysine residues was used to detect hapten-specific IgG 1-4 subclasses in patient plasma. Hapten inhibition and the use of structurally unrelated hapten–BSA adducts confirmed antigen specificity. Antibody binding was detected with antigens generated at piperacillin/BSA ratios of 10:1 and above, which corresponded to a minimum epitope density of 1 for antibody binding. Conclusion: These data show that antigen-specific B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes are activated in piperacillin-hypersensitive patients. Further work is needed to define the role different IgG subtypes play in regulating the iatrogenic disease.Item Evaluation of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRS) Among In-Patients Admitted into the Adult Medical Wards of a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria(Pharmaceutical Research Development & Practice., 2018-05) Ayetoro, S.O; Amali, M.O; Olagunju, A.O; Sanya, E.O; Laiyemo, K.A; Saka, M.JAdverse drug reactions (ADRs) are considered as a major health problem among hospitalized patients. The safety of many drugs currently in use clinically has been studied. However, their safety profiles may not necessarily be universally applicable due to local environmental and genetic influences resulting in differences in the incidence, pattern and severity of ADRs. The objective of this study was to determine the magnitude and pattern of ADR events in the adult medical wards of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH). A prospective descriptive study was conducted over a period of one year on all admissions in the adult medical wards of the UITH. Data were extracted from daily ADRs reports from March 2013 to February 2014. Extracted data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS version 20. A total of 2012 patients consisting of 910 males and 1102 females were admitted to, and assessed in the wards. Fifty two (2.58%) patients with ADRs were detected and reported. 57.7% of reported ADRs cases were patients admitted specifically due to an ADR and 42.3% occurred while on admission. Mostly implicated classes of drugs were anti-inflammatory/analgesics (21.2%) and antidiabetics (15.4%). The most commonly affected organ system was the central nervous system (40.4%). A pattern of ADRs in adults was established and the magnitude for different drug classes was determined A need to establish a regular reporting program, assessment of knowledge levels of health workers, and incorporation of molecular methods to define/determine responsible allergens is also necessary to enhance safety in drug use.Item Pregnancy and Fetal Outcomes Following Metformin Use in Diabetic Rats(African Scientist, 2017-03-31) Ojulari, L.S; Morakinyo, A.O; Amali, M.O; Adegoke, O.AThe female reproductive system is responsible for pregnancy and supports development of the fetus. Theincidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing rapidly worldwide (Wild et al., 2000). Metformin is an oral antidiabetic drug and it seems to have properties that could be beneficial in managing reproductive complications of DM. The present study determined the effect of metformin on pregnancy and fetal outcomes in Alloxan-induced diabetic female Sprague-Dawley rats. Eighty (80) pregnant rats were divided into four groups (20 rats per group). Implantation and pregnancy were first ascertained, and fetal outcome was observed and recorded. The measurement of plasma levels of βhCG, estradiol, progesterone, corticosterone and C-reactive peptide (CRP); were carried out on days 7, 14, 19 and at term. Results were analyzed using ANOVA and Newman Keuls post hoc test with statistical significance taken at p<0.05. Results showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in plasma level of progesterone and estradiol with a significant reduction in CRP levels in the treated groups. The number of fetuses and average litter size was also significantly reduced (p<0.05) in the untreated diabetic rats. No physical abnormalities were observed in litters from all the experimental groups. In conclusion, metformin administration during pregnancy confers maternal and fetal protective effects.