Browsing by Author "Akande, T.M."
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Item Adherence to prescribed drug therapy among adult patients of General Out-Patient Department of a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria(Research Journal of Health Sciences, 2018-06-30) Salaudeen, A.G.; Akande, T.M.; Ologe, M.; Odeigha, L.O.; Medubi, G.F.Background: The widespread problems of adherence to medication denied substantial number of patients the maximum benefits of medical treatment, resulting in poor health outcomes, lower quality of life and increased health care costs. The objective of this study was to determine the extent of drug adherence among patients seen in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey carried out among 381 patients attending the General Out-Patient Department (GOPD) of a Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used as the research tool and case notes of the patients were used to obtain information on drug adherence. Results: About half of the patients 194 (50.9%) adhered fully with doctor's prescription on the use of drugs for diseases they presented to the hospital. More than three quarters (78.0%) of patients aged 56 years and above adhered fully with prescription compared with 11.1% in the age group 15-25 years. The older patients had better adherence to medication than the younger patients with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.001). Many of the patients with no formal education (69.0%) adhered fully with prescription compared with 28.6% with post secondary education p = 0.001. Conclusion: Health education intervention and active role of health care providers in patients'-provider communication towards addressing the determinants of non-adherence will play a major role in improving adherence to medicationItem Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Ilorin: Screening with the Conner’s Teachers’ Rating Scale(Sierra Leone Journal of Biomedical Research, 2018) Adeboye, M.A.N; Akande, T.M.; Osagbemi, G.K.; Buhari, O.I.N; Abdulkadir, Mohammed Baba; Ojuawo, ABackground: The prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or its risk in North Central Nigeria has not been adequately reported. The consequences of missing the disorder and its co-morbidities are usually costly to the society. Method: Using a multi-stage sampling technique, nine primary schools from where a total of 1,480 pupils were selected across the three local government areas within Ilorin metropolis (two public and one private school from each LGA) we selected. An ADHD assessment tool - the short version of Conner's Teacher Rating Scale was administered on the pupils through their respective class teachers after training the teachers on how to administer the tool. They were classified into Inattention ADHD and Hyperactive/impulsive ADHD. Results: Of the 1480 (741 males and 739 female) pupils recruited, public schools contributed 1033 (69.8%) pupils while 447(30.2%) were from the private schools. A prevalence of 15.8% was found for ADHD risk. Statistically significant differences were present in the male to the female distribution of the Inattention ADHD, Hyperactivity ADHD (each with p< 0.05) but not in the overall ADHD index(p> 0.05). The ADHD Index was higher in the public schools. Conclusion: Prevalence of primary pupils aged 6-12 years in Ilorin at risk of ADHD is 15.8%, no significant gender variation was found. It is hereby recommended that Pre-primary school entry screening for ADHD should be instituted considered to enhance early recognition and prompt intervention so as to save the country from bad childhood that develops into bad adulthood with its myriads of anti-social and behavioural consequences.Item Current Trend of Transfusion Transmissible Infections among Voluntary Blood Donors in North Central Nigeria(College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, 2021-07) Durotoye, I.A.; Salaudeen, A.G.; Sanni, E.O.; Durowade, K.A.; Babatunde, A.S.; Olawumi, H.O.; Akande, T.M.; Musa, I.O.Blood transfusion is an integral part of modem medicine which had saved many lives which would have been lost as a result of lack of blood. Although blood is needed for survival, it can also be a medium for the transmission of harmful infectious diseases. This study evaluated current trend of transfusion transmissible infections among voluntary blood donors in Nigeria. This was a descriptive community-based study involving 600 prospective voluntary blood donors among staff and students of 5 tertiary institutions in Kwara and Kogi States. Hepatitis B surface antigen and Hepatitis C antibodies were screened for using Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen Bio-Inteco ELISA KIT, and Anti-HCV Bio-Inteco ELISA KIT, respectively. Screening for HIV was done with Enzyme immunoassay method using Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) 1+2 Antigen Antibody ELISA KIT, product of Bio-Inteco HIV Diagnostics, UK. Testing for Syphilis was carried out using Rapid Plasma Reagin (RRR) test. Statistical analysis was done with IBM SPSS version 20. Level of significance was set at p< 0.05 The mean age of the subjects was 21.98 ± 5.17 years. Two thirds of the prospective blood donors were within the second decade of life and more than half were males. The prevalence of Hepatitis B among subjects were 4.7%, Hepatitis C,0.2%, HIV 1% and Syphilis 0%. The prevalence of hepatitis B and HIV were relatively high compared to Hepatitis C and Syphilis among voluntary blood donors, although lower than the prevalence among general population in Nigeria. In order to improve on blood transfusion safety, there is a need to increase public awareness on vaccination for hepatitis B virus, Quality control of screening methods and rational use of Blood.Item Mean Score and Ranking Scale Measurement on the Impact of Health Education on Behavior Change Communication of Menopausal Women in North Central Nigeria.(The Journal of the North American Menopause Society. Published by the Menopause American Menopausal Society., 2013) Saka, A.O.; Saka, M.J.; Akande, T.M.; Rakiyat, S.Item Medicines Prescription Pattern in the Management of HIV/AIDS Patients in Public Hospitals, Kwara State, Nigeria.(Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, 2016) Williams, F.E.; Awoyemi, A.O.; Parakoyi, D.B.; Jolayemi, E.T.; Akande, T.M.Appropriate medicine prescription is crucial for optimum medicine use in the management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients. This study examined the medicine prescription pattern in the management of HIV/AIDS patients. It was conducted in seven public hospitals in six local government areas representing the three Senatorial Districts of Kwara State. Seven hundred and eighty prescription sheets of eligible HIV/AIDS patients were obtained and reviewed. In-depth interviews of ten prescribers who provided healthcare to these patients were also conducted. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. In-depth interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, analyzed and developed into ethnographic summary. The results showed that prescription of antiretroviral medicines (ARVs) was in adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy; 96.4% of the patients were on first line ARVs regimen; 56.3% had prescriptions for co-trimoxazole preventive therapy, none for isoniazid preventive therapy while 7.8% had prescriptions for artemisinin-based combination therapy. Proportion of prescriptions that had potential drug interactions was 51.0% while those in accordance with Standard Treatment Guidelines and proportion of medicines prescribed using generic names were lower than the set standards of the Nigeria National Drug Policy (NNDP). Half of the prescribers used both brand and generic names in prescribing medicines. The prescription pattern of medicines in the management of HIV/AIDS patients in public hospitals, Kwara State did not meet up with the set standards of the NNDP. Periodic training of prescribers on standard prescription practices is recommended.Item PATTERN AND EXPLANATORY FACTORS FOR MEDICATION ADHERENCE AMONG PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION, DIABETES MELLITUS AND THEIR COMORBIDITY IN A NORTH CENTRAL STATE OF NIGERIA(International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences, 2017) Bolarinwa, O.A.; Bamgbola, O.A.; Sanya, E.O.; Kolo, P.M.; Ameen, H.A.; Durowade, K.A.; Uthman, M.M.B.; Ogunmodede, J.A.; Buliaminu, S.A.; Odeigah, L.O.; Akande, T.M.; Morisky, D.E.Introduction: Hypertension and diabetes are the two most common non-communicable diseases seen in outpatient clinics in Sub-Saharan Africa. Promoting medication adherence is a major clinical hurdle to be crossed in reducing the premature morbidity and mortality associated with these diseases. This study explored factors that predict medication adherence among hypertensive and diabetic patients in Ilorin, Nigeria. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among hypertensive and diabetic patients in outpatient clinics of a teaching hospital in Ilorin, Nigeria. Data was collected from 1,203 patients using a validated Morisky 8-item medication adherence questionnaire. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression was used to model the medication adherence explanatory factors with SPSS version 22. Result: Less than half (43.3%) of the patients were highly adherent to their medication. The relative proportion for high adherence was 42.7%, 35.6% and 49.2% for hypertension, diabetes and both diseases respectively. The odds of medication adherence improving from either low to medium level or from medium to high level was explained by; age, symptoms count, absence of disease complication and absence of drug side effect among the patients. Blood pressure, gender and disease duration did not explain medication adherence among hypertensive and diabetic patients. Conclusion: It is concluded that the discomfort experienced due to the disease condition and the medication regimen are important explanatory factors for patient’s medication adherence in the study setting. This study recommends strategies to reduce multiple drug combinations and promote medication adherence counselling and education among patients.Item Self-reported medical care seeking behaviour of doctors in Nigeria(Alexandria Journal of Medicine - Elsevier, 2016) Fawibe, A.E.; Odeigah, L.O.; Akande, T.M.; Salaudeen, A.G.; Olanrewaju, I.Background: There is need for information on the medical care seeking behaviour of Nigerian doctors. Purpose: This work was therefore designed to study the medical care seeking behaviour of Nigerian doctors in Nigeria. Methods: It was a cross-sectional survey among doctors in Nigeria. Results: Data from 522 doctors were included in the analysis. Majority of them (80.5%) had one form of illness or the other in the year preceding the survey. Only 35% of them reportedly consulted another doctor during their illness. Most of the consultations (61.2%) were informal in the form of over the phone (45.6%), Corridor (33.3%) and home visit (21.1%) and just 18.4% of the consultations occurred within 24 h of onset of illness. A low 19.5% of them had a regular source of medical care. Screening for illnesses was generally below expectation. Just 6 out of the 436 (1.4%) male doctors had screened for prostate cancer while 39 out of 86 (45.3%) females had screened for cervical cancer. A significantly higher proportion of general practitioners (p= 0.01) and doctors above 45 years of age (P = 0.004) consulted informally. Higher proportion of general practitioners and resident doctors based their consultations on their familiarity with the doctors consulted (p= 0.001) and privacy during consultation (p=0.001). Delay in consultation for more than 24 h after onset of illness was more likely in those above below the age of 45 years (p= 0.001). Conclusion: This study has shown that Nigerian doctors are often reluctant patients who frequently tend to delay medical care. The teaching of appropriate medical care seeking behaviour should be incorporated into medical curriculum in Nigeria.