Browsing by Author "Ajaiyeoba, E. O."

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    Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitory and Antigylcation Effects of Compounds Isolated from Detarium microcarpum Stem Bark
    (Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2024) Salawu, M. K.; Abdulrasheed, A. A.; Aiyelero, M. O.; Ajaiyeoba, E. O.; Choudhary M. I.
    Diabetes is a leading cause of death and accounted for about 2 million deaths globally in 2019 alone. The disease is characterized by hyperglycaemia and protein glycation. This study was designed to examine the antidiabetic potential of Detarium microcarpum stem bark. The plant material was extracted into 70% methanol by cold maceration. The extract was concentrated in vacuo and partitioned into n-hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate soluble fractions. The crude extract and fractions were subjected to alpha-glucosidase inhibitory assay. The active fractions were subjected to a combination of chromatographic techniques, and the isolated compounds were characterized using spectroscopic data. In vitro alpha-glucosidase inhibitory and anti-glycation activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated. The crude extract, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous soluble fractions displayed potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 8.93±2.03, 24.67±1.32, 12.89±2.41 and 7.69±1.09 μg/mL, respectively. The isolated compounds were identified as methyl gallate, quebrachitol, catechin, catechin gallate, and gallic acid. The compounds all displayed potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Methyl gallate and catechin displayed the highest activity with IC50 values of 83.43±2.68 and 106.27±2. 98 μM compared to acarbose (377.75±1.34 μM). Catechin and catechin gallate displayed antiglycation activity with IC50 values of 108±0.30 and 576.34±22.92 μM, respectively. However, a catechin that displayed the highest activity produced about 50% of the antiglycation activity of rutin (54.59±2.20 μM) used as standard. Detarium microcarpum stem bark displayed alpha-glucosidase inhibition and the compounds isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction showed protective effects against glucose-induced protein glycation. Keywords: Alpha-glucosidase, Diabetes, Antigylcation, Detarium microcarpum, Catechin gallate, Catechin
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    Epipremnum aureum (Linden and André) G. S. Bunting (Araceae): Free Radicals Scavenging, Cell Growth Inhibition and Cytotoxic effects on Rhabdomyosarcoma and Laryngeal Carcinoma Cancer Cells
    (Pharmaceutical Journal of Kenya, 2023) Salawu, K. M.; Ogbole, O. O.; Mohammed, A.; Abdullahi, A. A.; Ajaiyeoba, E. O.
    Patients with chronic health conditions such as cancer often benefit from plant based herbal recipes with minimal adverse effects. There also exists growing worries over the safety and efficacy of most of the currently used conventional chemotherapeutic agents. This study examined the radical scavenging and cytotoxicity of E. aureum traditionally employed for the management of cancerous diseases. The aerial part of Epipremnum aureum was collected from the University of Ibadan botanical garden and authenticated at the Forest Herbarium Ibadan. Air-dried aerial part of Epipremnum aureum was pulverized and extracted with 70% aq. methanol and concentrated in vacuo. A portion the methanol extract was fractionated and crude alkaloidal extract was prepared from another portion of the methanol extract. The extracts and fractions were subjected to; antioxidant DPPH radical scavenging assay and cytotoxicity of the extracts and fractions against rhabdomyosarcoma (Rd) and laryngeal carcinoma (Hep-2C) cancer and non-cancerous (Vero) cell lines were determined. Ethyl acetate fraction and alkaloidal extract displayed better DPPH radical scavenging activity than the methanol extract and other fractions. The alkaloidal extract (CC50=0.17±0.03μg/mL) and dichloromethane fraction (CC50=0.28±0.05 μg/mL) displayed the highest cytotoxicity against Rd cancer cell lines compared to cyclophosphamide (CC50=2.23±0.33 μg/mL). However, the alkaloidal extract displayed the least cytotoxicity to Vero cell line and it is about 14.25 and 22.18 times more cytotoxic to Rd and Hep-2C cancer cells, respectively. Key words: Radical Scavenging, Cytotoxicity, GC-MS Analysis, Epipremnum aureum