Browsing by Author "Agede, OA"

Now showing 1 - 11 of 11
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    Assessment of Drug History Information in Referral Letters to the Antiretroviral Therapy Outpatient Specialist Clinic of a Federal Teaching Hospital in Ilorin
    (West African Postgraduate Medical College, 2023) Agede, OA; Bojuwoye, MO; Ogunmodede, JA
    BACKGROUND: The drug use history of a patient is an essential component of a referral letter to a specialist clinic. It guides and enables appropriate patient management while improving the quality of care rendered. There is insufficient data regarding the quality of drug history information in referral letters in this setting. OBJECTIVE: To assess the adequacy of the information on drug history in referral letters received at the antiretroviral therapy (ART) specialist outpatient clinic at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin METHODS: In a retrospective study conducted between January and June 2022, all referral letters received at the ART clinic on clinic days were reviewed for drug history information provided using a data capture form. RESULTS: A total of 142 referrals were reviewed and analyzed. The majority (99.3%) of the referral provided information on patients’ socio-demographic characteristics. Most of the referrals (47.2%) were from Family medicine department of the hospital and information on drug history was only provided in 43.0% of the referral letters. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that drug history information was infrequently and incompletely documented in referral letters to an ART outpatient clinic. The use of a structured referral form may be useful and may help to improve the documentation of information on drug history by the referring doctor.
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    Association between blood pressure, body mass index, and age: A data analytic approach
    (Faculty of Medical sciences University of calabar, 2023-08-30) Odeigah, LO; Agede, OA; Ogunjemilua, SB; Obalowu, IA; Mutalub, YB
    Objectives: Increase in body mass index (BMI) increases the risk of developing high blood pressure (BP). Several studies also indicate that high BP is associated with age. Controversies have been found regarding the association of BMI with high BP and age. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate the association between BP, BMI, and age. Material and Methods: Using the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR 131103) Study on the Effects of Mindfulness on Lifestyle Behavior and BP, prospectively gathered data were retrospectively analyzed. A randomized controlled study was conducted. Using the statistical MedCalc program, the patient demographic data – including their age, BMI, and BP – were statistically examined. Statistical significance was determined using a 0.05 P-value. Results: Of the 37 participants, 43.3% had a normal BMI. One-fourth (40.5%) of the people were obese. 13.5% and 32.4% of the people had normal systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP, respectively. Age, SBP, or DBP did not significantly correlate with BMI. Nevertheless, there was a positive and substantial correlation between BMI, age, SBP, DBP, weight, and height. Conclusion: According to the study’s findings, there are no appreciable positive connections between BMI and either SBP or DBP, or age. However, the weakly positive relationships between SBP and DBP and age suggest that regular BP monitoring is necessary.
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    Benefits, disadvantages and challenges of virtual conferencing in the COVID-19 era: Adjusting to the new normal
    (College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, 2022-02-17) Ogunmodede, JA; Ogunmodede, AJ; Buhari, OIN; Dele-Ojo, BF; Omotoso, AB; Agede, OA; Omotoso, ABO
    Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has had tremendous effect on the medical and scientific community. Measures instituted to curb the spread of the disease such as physical distancing and ban on large gatherings have significantly altered conferencing activities of medical professional associations. With no end in sight to the pandemic, it is certain that medical professional associations may have to make do with purely virtual or hybrid conferencing for some time to come. The objective of this paper is to highlight the benefits, disadvantages and challenges of virtual conferencing Methods: We searched Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, and AJOL databases from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021 for publications describing the benefits, disadvantages and challenges of virtual conferencing during the pandemic. This, together with authors' experience formed the resource base for this work. Conclusion: We propose ways the scientific community in Nigeria can maximize the virtual conferencing while the pandemic lasts. We also advocate increased discussion about how to improve the virtual conferencing culture and the development of guidelines for purely virtual or hybrid scientific conferences
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    Correlation between Body Mass Index and Lipid Profile among Healthy Adults: Analysis of ICPSR-based data
    (East African Medical Association, 2023) Odeigah, LO; Agede, OA; Ogunjemilua, SB; Obalowu, IA; Mutalub, YB
    Background: The prevalence of obesity has increased in the majority of developing countries notwithstanding the considerable incidence of undernutrition. The elevated lipid levels associated with obesity may lead to a variety of metabolic and cardiovascular problems. The purpose of this study is to determine the association between body mass index and lipid profiles in healthy adults (BMI). Methods: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome, its risk factors, and the related lifestyle in adult Myanmar citizens were examined in the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research Study (ICPSR146521) using data that had been obtained prospectively. The patient's lipid profiles, and demographic data were statistically analyzed using the statistical MedCalc tool. Statistical significance was determined using a 0.05 p-value. Results: A total of 32 subjects, ranging in age from 18 to 90, were examined. Of the individuals, 48.34% were of normal weight, 32.12% were obese, and 19.54% were overweight. 79.66% of the participants who were obese belonged to the class 1 category. A high TG level, a high LDL level, a high total cholesterol level, and a low HDL level were present in 33.11%, 58.28%, 40.40%, and 6.29% of the individuals, respectively. Conclusion: Body mass index had a positive correlation with TG levels and a negative correlation with age. As a result, as BMI rises, TG levels rise as well, but BMI falls as age rises. Age and TC levels have a positive correlation; as a result, TC levels rise with age.
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    The Influence of Smartphone Use on Psychological Distress in University Undergraduates
    (University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, 2023-06-28) Ogunmodede, JA; Dele-Ojo, BF; Ogunmodede, AJ; Buhari, OIN; Agede, OA; Bojuwoye, MO; Bello, HA
    Background: Smartphone use has been shown to have effects on psychological health outcomes. There is evidence that the psychological effects of smartphones on young people are significant. It is associated with anxiety, depression, and psychological distress in various populations. The tendency to spend cumulatively long durations exposed to smartphones is an emerging phenomenon among university undergraduates. This study aimed at determining the relationship between smartphone use and psychological distress in university undergraduates. Methods: Data for this cross-sectional study were collected from 3,325 undergraduates of the University of Ilorin, Nigeria in September 2021 using a Sociodemographic proforma, Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short version, and psychological distress was measured using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ- 12). Data were analyzed using SPSS 23. Results: The mean age of respondents was 21.3 + 2.59 years, and 1835 (55.2%) of them were females. In addition, 3305 (99.4%) owned smartphones, and 720 (21.7%) had more than one smartphone. Psychological distress was present in 1097 smartphone users (33.2%). The level of study (P = 0.002), presence of problematic smartphone use (PSU, P < 0.001), total time spent on the phone per day (P = 0.014), and the time spent on social media per day (P < 0.001), as well as leaving the phone data on all day (P = 0.001) and engaging in overnight calls or social media chats (P < 0.026), Facebook (P = 0.001), WeChat (P = 0.001), and Snapchat (P = 0.001), were significantly associated with psychological distress. Independent predictors of psychological distress were being in year 5 (OR = 0.548, P = 0.008), presence of PSU (OR = 1.586, P < 0.001), switching on phone data throughout the day (OR = 1.388, P < 0.001), and use of WeChat (OR = 1.451, P < 0.027) and Facebook (OR = 0.703, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Our findings revealed that important smartphone-related indices such as PSU, switching on phone data access all day, and WeChat were predictive of increased levels of psychological distress. Structured counselling about the productive use of smartphones should be administered in the early years of study for university undergraduates.
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    Interplay between Lipid Profile and Weight-Related Outcomes in Healthy Overweight Adults: In-sights from Comprehensive Analyses
    (Faculty of Basic Medical and Clinical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, 2023-08-28) Odeigah, LO; Agede, OA; Ogunjemilua, SB; Obalowu, IA; Mutalub, YB
    Background: The escalating prevalence of overweight and obesity has heightened concerns about cardiovascu-lar health. The intricate interplay between lipid profile variables and weight-related outcomes plays a pivotal role in shaping cardiovascular risks among individuals with excess body weight. This study investigates the associa-tions between lipid profile variables and weight-related indicators in a cohort of healthy, overweight adults, shedding light on potential implications for cardiovascular risk management. Methods: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome, risk factors, and related lifestyle in adult Myanmar citizens were examined in the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research Study (ICPSR146521) using prospective data. The patient's lipid profiles and demographic data were statistically analyzed using the statistical MedCalc tool. Statistical significance was determined using a 0.05 p-value. Results: Results demonstrate that while BMI is influenced by multiple factors beyond lipid profile variables, waist circumference exhibits moderate association with these variables. Notably, triglycerides significantly cor-related with waist circumference, suggesting a potential role in visceral fat accumulation. Additionally, the study highlights the impact of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels on body weight, indicating that higher HDL levels are associated with lower body weights among healthy overweight adults. Conclusion: This study provides comprehensive insights into the complex relationship between lipid profile variables and weight-related outcomes among healthy, overweight adults. These findings underscore the im-portance of weight management strategies for cardiovascular health and suggest potential avenues for targeted interventions. By understanding the interplay between lipid profiles and obesity, clinicians and public health professionals can develop more effective strategies to mitigate cardiovascular risks in this demographic.
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    Pattern of adverse drug reactions reported at zonal Pharmacovigilance Centre, Ilorin, North-central Nigeria: a 15year review
    (East African Medical Association, 2022-05) Agede, OA; Odeigah, LO; Mutalub, YB; Obalowu, IA; Aiyetoro, SO; Jimoh, AAG
    Background: Drugs have the potential to cause adverse drug reactions (ADRs). ADRs causes a great burden on healthcare system in terms of increasing morbidity and mortality with significant economic consequences. ADRs requires active monitoring and in sub-Saharan Africa, ADRs are either not reported or under reported which poses a great challenge. This study was conducted with the aim of understanding the pattern and occurrence of ADRs, the sociodemographic distribution, organ system affected, implicated drugs for the ADRs and clinical outcome. Method: This study is a 15year retrospective study that analyzed the ADRs reported to Zonal Pharmacovigilance Center, Ilorin, North-central Nigeria. A total of 280 patients reported 301 adverse drug reactions between 2005 and 2020 to the ZPC and the ADRs reported were analyzed. Results: The age group most commonly affected by ADRs was 31-40 years with affectation of both gender. The organ system mostly affected was the skin and patients presented with pruritus and skin rash. The most common suspected drug for the ADRs were antiretroviral drugs. Most of the ADRs were mild and most patients recovered fully. Conclusions: ADRs were under-reported in this study. Most were mild in nature and affected patients recovered fully. It is important to understand the pattern and occurrence of ADRs for the safety of patients and to reduce it burden on healthcare system. This can be achieved by effective monitoring and sensitization of health care workers.
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    Prevalence and Predictors of Problematic Smartphone Use among University Undergraduates
    (National Body of the Community Health Society of Malaysia, 2023) Ogunmodede, JA; Ogunmodede, AJ; Ahmed, A; Buhari, OIN; Agede, OA; Bojuwoye, MO
    Background: A smartphone is a mobile phone that performs many of the functions of a computer, typically having a touchscreen interface, internet access, and an operating system capable of running downloaded applications. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and predictors of problematic smartphone use (PSU) among university undergraduates. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional design. PSU was studied among the students using the Smartphone Addiction Scale- Short version (SAS-SV). Results: Mean age was 21.3+2.59 years, mostly female (55.2%). The prevalence of smartphone ownership was 99.4% (3305). 13.9% of students had PSU. Factors associated with PSU were female gender (p=0.001), owning more than one smartphone (p=0.001), time spent on making phone calls (<0.001), surfing social media (<0.001), engaging in overnight phone call/social media chat (p=0.001), use of Twitter (p=0.002), Instagram (p=0.001), Snapchat (p=0.001), YouTube (p=0.001), online gaming (p=0.002), presence of probable psychiatric morbidity (p=0.001) and insomnia (p<0.001). The predictors of PSU were female gender (OR 1.305, p=0.038), engaging in overnight calls or social media chats (OR 2.243, p=0.001), using a smartphone in bed when unable to sleep at night (OR 2.832, p=0.003), probable psychiatric morbidity (OR 1.671, p<0.001), and insomnia (OR 1.298, p=0.043). Conclusion: Compared with other studies the prevalence of PSU among our participants is relatively low. However, PSU is a potentially disruptive behavioural addiction in undergraduates. Knowing predictors of PSU offers an opportunity for preventive counselling early in the course of study of all undergraduates.
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    Prevalence and predictors of resistant hypertension among out-patients in Ilorin, Nigeria
    (National body of the South Sudan Medical Association, 2023-05-05) Ogunmodede, JA; Agede, OA
    Introduction: Systemic hypertension (SH) contributes the highest number of deaths from cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Patients with resistant hypertension (RH) are more prone to hypertension-mediated organ damage. RH has not been well-studied in Africa, despite the fact that the prevalence of SH is highest in Africa. The aim of the study was to establish the prevalence and predictors of RH among out-patients managed in the cardiology unit of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. Method: A cross-sectional study of 201 patients selected via systematic random sampling between April and September 2019. Results: Mean age of the participants was 59.6 (SD 13.8) years, females 58.7%, 32.3% were non-obese, 17 (8.5%) consumed alcohol and three (1.5%) smoked tobacco. 30 participants (14.9%) had co-morbid diabetes mellitus. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly higher among patients with RH 152.5 (SD 18) mmHg vs 131.9 (SD 18.4) mmHg (p<0.001) and 89.43 (SD 13.8) mmHg vs 79.46 (SD 10.5) mmHg (p=0.008). Eighteen patients (8.96%, 95% CI: 5.5-14%) had RH. The predictors of RH were obesity (OR= 3.754; p=0.009), SBP at patients’ first clinic visit, (OR=1.029, p=0.032), DBP at patients’ first clinic visit, (OR=1.048, p=0.014), and serum phosphorus, (OR=1.047, p=0.047). Conclusion: The prevalence of RH among our patients is low and is similar to that in studies with similar blood pressure cut-off values and case definition
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    Relationship between CD4 count, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte ratio and Left Ventricular Systolic Function in HIV/AIDS Patients
    (East African Medical Association, 2023-01-10) Ogunmodede, JA; Agede, OA; Dele-Ojo, BF; Adeoye, AJ; Ogunmodede, AJ; Omotoso, AB
    Background: Inflammation is a cardinal feature of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and accounts for most of its clinical manifestations. Cardiovascular involvement is common in HIV. Haematologic inflammatory markers such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are elevated in some cardiovascular diseases in the non-HIV population. CD4 count correlates with left ventricular size. The relationship between haematologic inflammatory markers NLR and PLR and left ventricular (LV) systolic function and their prognostic value is not well studied in HIV patients. Objective: To determine the relationship between CD4 count, NLR and PLR and LV ejection fraction (EF) and their diagnostic value as surrogates for the occurrence of LV systolic dysfunction (LVSD) Design: Cross-sectional Setting: The Cardiology unit of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin, Nigeria Participants: 150 HIV positive patients Outcome measures: The relationship between CD4 count, NLR and PLR and LV ejection fraction (EF) and their diagnostic value for the occurrence of LV systolic dysfunction (LVSD) Results: The mean age was 37.14+8.6 years, 86 (64%) female, median duration of illness 6(0.94-24) months. NLR and PLR had a negative correlation with LV EF, the CD4 count had positive correlation. On multivariate analysis only PLR was predictive of EF. A cut-off PLR of 169.5 was only weakly discriminatory of LVSD with sensitivity of 81.3% and specificity of 72.9%, AUC 0.794. Conclusion: CD4 count, and inflammatory markers correlate with LVEF in HIV patients. Only PLR was predictive, its value as a diagnostic surrogate for LVSD needs further investigation
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    Relationship between CD4 count, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte ratio and Left Ventricular Systolic Function in HIV/AIDS Patients
    (East African Medical Association, 2023) Ogunmodede, JA; Agede, OA; Dele-Ojo, BF; Adeoye, OG; Ogunmodede, AJ; Omotoso, AB
    Background: Inflammation is a cardinal feature of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and accounts for most of its clinical manifestations. Cardiovascular involvement is common in HIV. Haematologic inflammatory markers such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are elevated in some cardiovascular diseases in the non-HIV population. CD4 count correlates with left ventricular size. The relationship between haematologic inflammatory markers NLR and PLR and left ventricular (LV) systolic function and their prognostic value is not well studied in HIV patients. Objective: To determine the relationship between CD4 count, NLR and PLR and LV ejection fraction (EF) and their diagnostic value as surrogates for the occurrence of LV systolic dysfunction (LVSD) Design: Cross-sectional Setting: The Cardiology unit of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin, Nigeria Participants: 150 HIV positive patients Outcome measures: The relationship between CD4 count, NLR and PLR and LV ejection fraction (EF) and their diagnostic value for the occurrence of LV systolic dysfunction (LVSD) Results: The mean age was 37.14+8.6 years, 86 (64%) female, median duration of illness 6(0.94-24) months. NLR and PLR had a negative correlation with LV EF, the CD4 count had positive correlation. On multivariate analysis only PLR was predictive of EF. A cut-off PLR of 169.5 was only weakly discriminatory of LVSD with sensitivity of 81.3% and specificity of 72.9%, AUC 0.794. Conclusion: CD4 count, and inflammatory markers correlate with LVEF in HIV patients. Only PLR was predictive, its value as a diagnostic surrogate for LVSD needs further investigation.