Browsing by Author "Afolabi, Saheed Olanrewaju"
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Item Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of aqueous extract of Parquetina nigrescens in streptozotocin–nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats(CellPress, 2021-06-17) Ojuade, Fatimoh Idowu; Olorundare, Olufunke Esan; Akanbi, Olatunde Babatunde; Afolabi, Saheed Olanrewaju; Njan, Anoka AyembeBackground: Parquetina nigrescens is among the evergreen plants native to West Africa. It is used in the management of various ailments including anemia, fever, asthma and diabetes. This study evaluated the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effect of Parquetina nigrescens in streptozotocin–nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetic rats. Methods: Type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced in overnight fasted rats with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg), followed by the administration of nicotinamide (120 mg/kg) after an interval of 15 min. Diabetic rats were orally administered with; 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg of aqueous extract of Parquetina nigrescens (AEPN), metformin (180 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (1 mg/kg) for two weeks. The effect of treatments on fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, leptin, adiponectin, homa-ir, lipid profile, body weight, pancreatic antioxidants parameters, hepatic glycogen content, glucose-6-phosphate activity, α-amylase inhibition, α-glucosidase inhibition, lipase inhibition and histology of the organs were evaluated. Results: Data from this study showed that treatment with AEPN produced a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in fasting blood glucose, glucose-6-phosphatase activity, serum lipase, total triglyceride, total cholesterol, lowdensity lipoproteins, very low-density lipoprotein, atherogenic index, coronary risk index, pancreatic α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase activities. Treatment with AEPN also produced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in; glucose tolerance, glycogen content, leptin, adiponectin and pancreatic antioxidants (glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase and high-density lipoproteins). The histology of the organ showed regeneration of the pancreatic tissue after treatment with AEPN. Conclusions: This study showed that AEPN exhibited antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activity in streptozotocin –nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetic rats.Item Combined Intranasal Insulin/Saxagliptin/Metformin Therapies Ameliorate the Effect of Combined Oral Contraceptive- (COC-) Induced Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) with a Major Target on Glucose Metabolism in Adult Female Wistar Rats.(Hindawi publishers, 2021) Afolabi, Saheed Olanrewaju; Folahan, Joy; Agede, Olalekan; Olorundare, OlufunkeObjective. To evaluate the effect of the chronic use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs: ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel) on the indices of metabolic syndrome in adult female Wistar rats and possible therapeutic management. Materials and Methods. 64 female Wistar rats received either distilled water, norethindrone (NOR), COC, intranasal insulin (INI), metformin (MET), saxagliptin (SAX), INI+MET, and INI+SAX. After 8 weeks of exposure to COC, the animals were sorted into the therapeutic groups. Several parameters were assayed for, such as body weight changes, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, insulin levels, inflammatory cytokines, and glycated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac). Results. The levels of FBG, insulin, and Hb1Ac were increased consequent upon COC treatment. Treatment with INI+SAX and INI+MET reduced significantly the levels of FBG and Hb1Ac; in addition, the level of insulin was significantly increased in the INI+MET groups (p ≤ 0:05). Serum lipid profile analysis showed a statistical reduction in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level; this reduction was also significantly reversed in the INI+ SAX group. Reduced catalase activity observed in the COC group was reversed in the INI+MET group (p ≤ 0:05). A nonsignificant increase in the level of TNF-α as a result of COC treatment was reversed by INI and INI+MET treatment. Liver GLUT4 and G-6-phosphate levels were significantly increased by COC treatment, and this effect was reversed by INI+SAX in both assays, respectively (p ≤ 0:01). Conclusions. The use of MET and SAX in combination with INI has been shown to reverse some indices of MetS. This study proposes a clinical phase to backup and ascertain these preclinical findings.Item KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PERCEPTION OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS REGARDING COVID-19 AND VACCINE IN ILORIN(Faculty of Pharmaceutical sciences, University of Nigeria, 2022) Agede, Olalekan Ayodele; Afolabi, Saheed OlanrewajuThis study determined the knowledge, attitude and perception regarding COVID-19 and vaccine among healthcare workers in Ilorin. It was a web-based cross-sectional study conducted for a period of eight weeks in secondary and tertiary healthcare facilities in Ilorin. A total of 2,002 healthcare workers participated in the study. Data on sociodemographics, COVID-19 and vaccine-related concerns were collected. Descriptive and frequency statistics were done. The chi-square test was used to evaluate associations between the categorical variables. P-value was set at <0.05. Ordinal regression was used to assess the determinants of willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccine. The gender distribution showed female preponderance (67.6%) and most participants were married (85.8%). Most common age group was 36-50 years (n=839,41.9%). Most (61.3%) of the participant got information on COVID-19, COVID-19 vaccine and preventive measures through news and social media. Of the participants, 46.3% used the preventive measures always. Some participants believed these measures help to reduce the spread. Gender as well as other additional factors affected the willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine. There was high awareness about COVID-19 and fair practice of preventive measures. The willingness to take the vaccine among participants was high. Information about the disease and vaccine were sourced mostly from social media. Thus, healthcare policy makers should take advantage of social media to disseminate appropriate information on COVID-19 and vaccine to improve disease control.