Browsing by Author "Abdulkareem, Khadijah A."
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Item A Study on Endophytic Fungi, Proximate and Chemical Compositions of a Local Variety of Mango Fruit (Mangifera indica L.)(University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka., 2018) Garuba, Taofeeq; Olayinka, Bolaji U.; Abdulkareem, Khadijah A.; Bello, M. O.; Olaleye, Faith Y.Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important tree which produce edible fruits. Different varieties of mango are available and well-studied. However, little attention has been shown to popular Ogbomoso variety especially for its endophytes and chemical profile. This work aimed at identifying endophytic fungi and carrying out proximate analysis as well as phytochemical analysis of the fruit. Potato Dextrose Agar was used as a medium for the isolation of fungi from the homogenized pulp. Proximate analysis was carried out using standard method of Association of Analytical Chemistry (AOAC). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was done to determine characteristic peaks and functional groups of compounds using Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS5 with iD1 transmission. Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to study the chemical profile of the sample. Aspergillus niger. A. flavus and Rhizopus stolonifer were the identified endophytes. Moisture and lipid were observed to be highest (76.87%) and lowest (0.38%) respectively in the sample. The amount of carbohydrate was 18.93%. The FTIR result revealed the presence of NH2, OH, CH2, C=O (carboxylic) and N-H 1o and 2o amine as important functional groups. A total of 23 compounds were found in the methanolic extract of the sample where Imidazolidin-2-one (18.43%) was the principal compound. N, Ndibenzylhydroxylamine (15.36%), Methyl hexadecanoate (7.33%), Hexadecamethylcyclooctasiloxane (4.51%) were also present in considerable quantities. It is confirmed that the homogenized pulp of Ogbomoso variety of mango fruit is rich in phytochemicals that are useful especially in pharmaceutical industries.Item Comparative Biodiversity Assessment of Weed Species in Monocropping Plantations of University of Ilorin, Nigeria(University of Ghana, 2020) Olayinka, Bolaji U.; Adeyemi, Sherif B; Abdulkareem, Khadijah A.; Olahan, Ganiyu S.; Lateef, Azeez A.; Garuba, Taofeeq; AbdulRahaman, A. A.The present study investigates the weed species diversity in four plantations of university of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria using quadrat method. The survey revealed two major life cycles (annual and perennial) and recorded a total of 88 weed species belonging to 32 families. Four species (Azadirachta indica, Daniellia oliveri, Desmodium tortuosum, and Tridax procumbens) were common in all the surveyed plantations while thefamily Fabaceae was the most dominant. The abundant weed species analysis showed a high importance value index and were more adapted to the plantations. Diversity analysis revealed high species richness in the sugarcane plantation. The non-canopy nature of the plantation, soil structure as well as ability to coexist with many other species may underscore the reasons for this pattern of diversity. The evenness and similarity indices between and across the plantations were generally low, thus, indicating varying diversity. As a result of the recorded variation in weed composition between and across the plantations, the study has provided an insight on the pattern of weed diversity in the studied plantations. The study recommended that the most abundant weed species populations be checked for the plantations to thrive. Finally, there is an urgent need to conserve weed species that are not only rare in abundance but also showed great social and economic valuesItem Fungicidal effects of Ocimum gratissium and Vernonia amygdalina on fungi associated with rhizosphere and rhizoplane of Capsicum annuum L.(Society for the Conservation of Phytofuels and Sciences, 2014) Garuba, Taofeeq; Bello, Mariam O.; Olahan, Ganiyu S.; Abdulkareem, Khadijah A.This research work was carried out to test the antifungal effects of leaf extract of Ocimumgratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina on fungi associated with rhizoplane and rhizosphere of Capsicum annuum. Soil samples were collected from the rhizoplane and rhizosphere ofCapsicum annuum at Gerewu, Ilorin, Kwara State. The soil samples were analyzed using serial dilution and spread plate methods. The leaf extract of each of the test plant was prepared using ethanol as the extractant. The antifungal potential of leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina were tested on the isolated fungi using poisoned food method. From the rhizosphere, four fungi were isolated viz: Aspergillus niger, A. oryzae, Paecilomyces varioti and Saccharomyces cerevisae. Only Aspergillus niger, A. clavatus, and Paecilomyces varioti were isolated from the rhizoplane. Comparatively, the antifungal potential of Ocimum gratissimum in the inhibition of mycelial growth of the isolated fungi was observed to be higher than that of Vernonia amygdalina .Item Influence of substrates on the nutritional quality of Pleurotus pulmonarius and Pleurotus ostreatus(Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, 2017) Garuba, Taofeeq; Abdulkareem, Khadijah A.; Ibrahim, I. A.; Oyebamji, O. I.; Shoyooye, O. I.; Ajibade, T. D.This investigation is aimed at determining the influence of agro-wastes as substrates on the nutritional quality of Pleurotus pulmonarius and Pleurotus ostreatus. Cassava peels, banana leaves and amended sawdust (sawdust mixed with rice bran in ratio 4:1) were used as growth substrates. Proximate and mineral analyses were carried out using DA 7250 NIR Analyzer and Atomic Absorption of Spectrophotometer machine (AA320N). Both species in amended sawdust had the highest stipe length and pileus diameter of the fruiting body. Starch was the most abundant proximate constituent in the two species. The starch was the most abundant proximate constituent in the two species but highest starch contents were observed in. P. pulmonarius grown in cassava peels substrate and P. ostreatus raised in banana leaves substrate. Fat appeared to be the lowest proximate constituent in the two species. Potassium was predominant among the minerals in both P. pulmonarius and P. ostreatus and the highest value (68.204 mg/L) was observed in P. ostreatus cultivated in amended sawdust. Other minerals varied considerably and as they were differential affected by the substrates. The mushrooms contained useful nutritional constituents however their quantities were influenced by the substrates used in raising them.Item Molecular Characterisation of Potential Crop Pathogens Associated with Weeds as Endophytes in Unilorin Plantations, Nigeria(College of Science for WomenUniversity of Baghdad, 2022) Lateef, Azeez A.; Garuba, Taofeeq; Abdulkareem, Khadijah A.; Olayinka, Bolaji U.; Olahan, Ganiyu S; Adeyemi, Sherif B.; AbdulRahaman, AbdullahiItem Molecular Characterisation of Some Accessions of Corchorus olitorius(Faculty of Science, Federal University Birnin Kebbi, 2019) Abdulkareem, Khadijah A.; Sidiq, K. O.; Olayinka, Bolaji U.; Lateef Azeez A.; Garuba, Taofeeq; Adeyemi, Sherif B.; Sagaya, AbdulkadirNigeria has several native leafy vegetables that have been neglected. Corchorus olitorius belongs to this group. Genetic diversity was studied in five accessions of the plant using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS - PAGE). The aim was to determine the relationship (differences and similarities) among them. Sixteen polypeptide bands were obtained ranging from 12.29 KDa to 170 KDa indicating variations in the banding patterns of the accessions. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic algorithm (UPGMA) dendrogram grouped the five accessions into three clusters with four groups showing 60% of the accessions in one group. The greatest similarity (96%) observed was between NGB00196 and NGB00194 while the lowest similarities (32%) NGB00191 and (40%) NGB00187. Adopting this technology can be useful in plant variety identification and registration of new plant varieties. NGB00191 was observed to be distantly related to the other accessions hence could be combined in a breeding programme.