Browsing by Author "Abdulkareem, K. A."

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
  • Item
    A study on endophytic fungi, proximate and chemical compositions of local variety of mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.)
    (Journal of the University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka, 2018) Garuba, T.; Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Bello, M. O.; Hamid, A. A.; Olaleye, F. Y.
    Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important tree which produce edible fruits. Different varieties of mango are available and well-studied. However, little attention has been shown to popular Ogbomoso variety especially for its endophytes and chemical profile. This work aimed at identifying endophytic fungi and carrying out proximate analysis as well as phytochemical analysis of the fruit. Potato Dextrose Agar was used as a medium for the isolation of fungi from the homogenized pulp. Proximate analysis was carried out using standard method of Association of Analytical Chemistry (AOAC). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was done to determine characteristic peaks and functional groups of compounds using Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS5 with iD1 transmission. Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to study the chemical profile of the sample. Aspergillus niger. A. flavus and Rhizopus stolonifer were the identified endophytes. Moisture and lipid were observed to be highest (76.87%) and lowest (0.38%) respectively in the sample. The amount of carbohydrate was 18.93%. The FTIR result revealed the presence of NH2, OH, CH2, C=O (carboxylic) and N-H 1o and 2o amine as important functional groups. A total of 23 compounds were found in the methanolic extract of the sample where Imidazolidin-2-one (18.43%) was the principal compound. N, N-dibenzylhydroxylamine (15.36%), Methyl hexadecanoate (7.33%), Hexadecamethylcyclooctasiloxane (4.51%) were also present in considerable quantities. It is confirmed that the homogenized pulp of Ogbomoso variety of mango fruit is rich in phytochemicals that are useful especially in pharmaceutical industries.
  • Item
    Comparative biodiversity assessment of weed species in monocropping plantations of University of Ilorin, Nigeria
    (West African Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020) Olayinka, B. U.; Adeyemi, S. B.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Olahan, G. S.; Lateef, A. A.; Garuba, T.; AbdulRahaman, A. A.
    The present study investigates the weed species diversity in four plantations of university of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria using quadrat method. The survey revealed two major life cycles (annual and perennial) and recorded a total of 88 weed species belonging to 32 families. Four species (Azadirachta indica, Daniellia oliveri, Desmodium tortuosum, and Tridax procumbens) were common in all the surveyed plantations while the family Fabaceae was the most dominant. The abundant weed species analysis showed a high importance value index and were more adapted to the plantations. Diversity analysis revealed high species richness in the sugarcane plantation. The non-canopy nature of the plantation, soil structure as well as ability to coexist with many other species may underscore the reasons for this pattern of diversity. The evenness and similarity indices between and across the plantations were generally low, thus, indicating varying diversity. As a result of the recorded variation in weed composition between and across the plantations, the study has provided an insight on the pattern of weed diversity in the studied plantations. The study recommended that the most abundant weed species populations be checked for the plantations to thrive. Finally, there is an urgent need to conserve weed species that are not only rare in abundance but also showed great social and economic values.
  • Item
    Effect of phosphorus fertilizer and shoot pruning on growth, yield and fruit quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
    (Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2023) Olayinka, B. U.; Oyewole, M.; Jacobs, O. E.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Lawal, A. R.; AbdulRauf, L. B.; Kareem, I.; Muhammed, G. Y.; Abdulbaki, A. S.
    Phosphorus fertilization or pruning as sole practice has been established to enhance tomato yield. However, there is a dearth of knowledge when both practices are combined. Under potted experiment, two tomato varieties (Tomato 82-B and Local) were subjected to 13 treatment combinations of phosphorus fertilization and pruning between June and September, 2021 in a garden situated at Ilorin, Nigeria. In both varieties, plants receiving 30 kg P/ha + two-stem pruning recorded highest growth indices. Marketable fruit yield was remarkably enhanced under 45 kg P/ha + four-stem pruning and 30 kg P/ha + two-stem pruning in local and Tomato 82-B respectively. Local variety showed more vigorous growth and yield than Tomato 82-B. Proximate compositions showed inconsistent results. Ascorbic acid, beta-carotene and lycopene were highest in tomato plants receiving 60 kg P/ha + four-stem pruning, 15 kg P/ha + three-stem pruning and 45 kg P/ha + four-stem respectively. Tomato 82-B had higher ascorbic acid and beta-carotene than the local variety. Conclusively, four-stem pruning + 45 kg/ha and two-stem pruning + 30 kg/ha are considered optimum for improving the yield of tomato varieties studied and that combination of pruning and phosphorus fertilization showed little influence on the fruit quality.
  • Item
    Effect of planting methods on growth and yield of groundnut cultivars
    (Legume Research, 2021) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulbaki, R. T.; Mohammed, H. A.; Murtadha, R. B.; Alzahrani, Y.; Ayinla, A.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Etejere, E. O.
    Background: The low yield in groundnut which can be partly attributed to poor land preparation methods necessitated the need for alternative strategy of land preparation that will promote higher productivity in groundnut farming. Methods: A field experiment was carried out in two separate locations between May and August in 2016 to assess the effect of planting methods on growth and yield of groundnut cultivars. Result: The results revealed that groundnut crop sown on modified ridges and furrow with narrow furrow planting recorded significantly higher plant height, number of leaves, 50% flowering, yield attributes and yield when compared to other methods of planting All the groundnut cultivars responded positively to all planting methods except those grown on flat surface without beds. However, modified ridges and furrow with narrow furrow planting proved to be the best method.
  • Item
    Effects of priming on germination and biochemical attributes of three maize lines under NaCl stress condition
    (Bioagro, 2022) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Abdulbaki, A. S.; Alsamadany, H.; Alzahrani Y.; Kareem, I.; Ayinla, A.; Kolawole, O. S.; Adam, O. I.; Odudu, F. U.; Ibuowo, M. B.; Mustapha, O. T.; Sulyman, A.
    The adverse effect of salinity has been established to vary between different varieties of the same plant species. This study was therefore conducted to determine the tolerability of three newly released lines of maize to saline conditions when primed with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and salicylic acid (SA) each at 1.0 M concentration; seeds primed with distilled water were used as control. Concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 300 mM NaCl were tested. The experiment followed a 3x3x5 factorial arrangement of treatments with three replications. The results revealed significant interaction between maize lines and salinity where the germination percentage of line SWAN-LSR-Y was much more affected than the other lines at the salinity level of 50 mM, and its speed of germination was more affected than the others when passing from 150 to 300 mM NaCl. The seedling lengths (radicle and plumule) and seed vigor index were influenced by significant interaction between the primer and salinity, where EDTA enhanced better seedling growth than the other primers when the salinity did not exceed 150 mM. OMR-LSR-SY maize line did not show tolerability at this concentration. Similarly, EDTA and SA treated maize lines showed lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide anion radical (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as well as a decrease in the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, most importantly in SWAN-LSR-Y and BR9928-OMR-SR-Y maize lines. Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were enhanced in SWAN-LSR- Y and BR9928-OMR-SR-Y upon application of EDTA.
  • Item
    Growth performance of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus var. tainung) in relation to sowing depths and soil type
    (Jewel Journal of Scientific Research (JJSR), 2019) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Ayinla, A.; Adeniran, A. S.; Adigun, B. A.; Sagaya, A.; Bashiru, B. T.; AbdulBaki, A. S.; Etejere, E. O.
    Kenaf is a non-woody plant that has become one of the important alternative sources of soft fibre material used for packaging materials, paper making and textile. Higher fibre production depends largely on suitable agronomical conditions or practices the plant is subjected to during cultivation. Hence, the need to investigate how different seeding depths and soil types influence the growth performance of the plant. Three soil types (loam, sand and clay) and five sowing depths (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 cm) were studied. The parameters assessed were germination and growth attributes. The results showed that percentage germination, speed of germination and ability of seeds to germinate were significantly increased when the seeding depth was at 2 cm over other seeding depths. Seeding depth at soil surface and those of 1 cm limited all the germination attributes. All the germination attributes were significantly increased in kenaf seeds sown in loamy soil when compared to the other soil types. The results of growth attributes such as plant height, number of leaves, stem girth, leaf area and above-ground dry weight and yield attributes such as number of capsules per plant, number of seed per capsule and number of seeds per plant followed similar trend as recorded for those of germination parameters. Kenaf seeds planted on sandy soil showed reduction in time of seedling emergence, better growth and yield compared to clay soil. The study concluded that 2 cm seeding depth and well-drained soil such as sandy-loam soil are suitable agronomical practice and condition respectively needed for higher productivity that will hitherto translate to greater fibre production. Therefore, the reliance on fibre producing trees could be reduced if these optimum seeding depth and suitable soil type are used by the farmer in the cultivation of this non-woody plant which has the bulk of its stem filled with soft fibre tissue.
  • Item
    HUMAN RESOURCE TRAINING AND ORGANISATIONAL GROWTH: A STUDY OF DANGOTE FLOUR MILLS PLC. ILORIN
    (Department of Business Administration, University of Lagos, Akoka, Nigeria, 2023) Omolabi, I.; Ishola. A. A.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Olabanji, O. A.
    The relevance of skill and knowledge enhancement to organisational growth cannot he over-emphasized as individual performance amounts to collective organisational growth. It is based on this assertion that this study investigated Dangote Flour Mills Plc. florin. Structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data from 145 simple randomly selected staff of the company. Multiple regression analysis was adopted in the analysis while the result indicated that the correlation co-efficient is 782 4.0.782). The result revealed that there is a strong positive linear relationship between organisation growth and human resource training. The study the concluded that effective training is primary to equipping employees for new roles that will facilitate the realization of the desired organisational growth. It then recommended that the management of Dangote Flour Mill Pic should lay more emphasis on the importance of training to improve organisational growth. This will be achieved through periodic skill and competency auditing that will reflect the skill shortages in the company. In addition, the management of the flour mill is to ensure a strict monitoring system that will guarantee adherence to the human resource development policy of the company.
  • Item
    Molecular characterization of potential crop pathogens associated with weeds as endophytes in Unilorin Plantations, Nigeria
    (Baghdad Science Journals, 2022) Lateef, A. A.; AbdulRahaman, A. A.; Olahan, G. S.; Adeyemi, S. B.; Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Garuba, T.
    Crop diseases are usually caused by inoculum of pathogens which might exist on alternate hosts or weeds as endophytes. These endophytes, cum pathogens, usually confer some beneficial attributes to these weeds or alternate hosts from protection against herbivores, disease resistance, stress tolerance to secondary metabolites production. This study was therefore carried out to isolate potential crop pathogens which exist as endophytes on weed species in the University of Ilorin plantations. Green asymptomatic leaves were collected from 10 weed species across the plantations, and processed for their endophytic fungi isolation. Isolates were purified into pure cultures and used for molecular identification using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA. Phylogenetic analysis of the fungal sequences using MEGA software revealed 9 fungal genera belonging to 13 species, with species in the genera Curvularia, Epicoccum and Daldinia occurring in more than one weed species, while other genera such as Alternaria, Fusarium, Chaetomium, Macrophomina, Arthrinium and Phomopsis occurred in just one weed species each. Daldinia eschscholtzii was isolated in this study as an endophyte from Loudetia arundinacea for the first time. This plant is very abundant in Nigeria and Africa where it is used majorly for thatching and feeding livestocks. This also represents the first endophytic fungi from the genus Loudetia. Potential relationship between the occurrences of these fungi as endophytes and as pathogens are discussed. These discoveries represent the first large-scale molecular identification and several first reports of endophytes from these weed species. These results also represent the first records of some of these fungi in Nigeria.
  • Item
    Phylogenetic position of Nigerian species of Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) in the current infrageneric classification
    (Fountain Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 2024) Tiamiyu, B. B.; Lateef, A. A.; Sagaya, A.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Olayinka, B. U.; Ayinla, A.; Adeyemi, S. B.; Amenu, S. G.; AbdulRahaman A. A.; Mustapha, O. T.
    Curcuma longa L. (commonly known as Tumeric) is the only species of the genus Curcuma found in Nigeria. It is of great economic importance to Nigeria, Africa, Asia, and other parts of the world, where it is widely used for ornamental and medicinal purposes, and as spices in food and beverages. However, the phylogenetic placement of the turmeric plant (C. longa) in Nigeria is far from being fully resolved, hence the need for this study. The rhizomes of turmeric were collected at the Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Oyo state. Genomic DNA was extracted, followed by the amplification of the ITS and psbA-trnH regions. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the Maximum likelihood method. The result resolved the phylogenetic position of Nigerian species and supported existing subgenera classification into three clades, all with high bootstrap support for the three clades. The result of this study supports the subgenera classification of the genus and further reveals the phylogenetic position of C. longa.