Browsing by Author "Abdulkareem, A.O."

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Item
    Leaf extract of Morinda lucida improves pancreatic beta-cell function in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
    (Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group., 2019-09) Abdulkareem, A.O.; Igunnu, Adedoyin; Alad, A.A.; Olatunji, L.A.
    Chemotherapy remains the utmost treatment for Type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients. This however, predisposes the patients to a wide range of serious complications, thus, the need for alternative therapeutic agents that target pancreatic β-cell function. This study investigated the effects of aqueous leaf extract of M. lucida (MLE) on β-cell dysfunction and atherogenic dyslipidaemia in alloxan-induced T1D in rats. Twenty-five Wister rats (156- 168g) were randomly divided into normal, diabetic, diabetic + glibenclamide (5 mg/kg), diabetic + 120 mg/kg MLE and diabetic + 240 mg/kg MLE groups (n = 5/ group). Treatments were via oral route for 14 days. Our findings revealed that, 120 mg/kg MLE significantly reduced hyperglycaemia, improved insulinaemia as well as β-cell function, and attenuated weight loss in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The extract also attenuated (p<0.05) atherogenic dyslipidaemia and malondialdehyde. The activities of the extract compared favourably with glibenclamide. This study suggested that, hypoglycaemic and mitigating effects of aqueous leaf extract of M. lucida on atherogenic dyslipidaemia and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction were through reduction in lipid peroxidation. The extract may therefore represent an effective source of novel drugs against TID and cardiovascular diseases. Further study is recommended, to explore the extract’s mechanism of oxidative repair.
  • Item
    Ormeloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, protects against pulmonary hypertension
    (2023-01-30) Abdulkareem, A.O.; Tiwari, P.; Lone, Z.R.; Iqbal, H.; Gupta, S.; Jha, R.K.; Chanda, D.; Jagavelu, K.; Hanif, K.
    Purpose: Protective effect of 17β-estradiol is well-known in pulmonary hypertension. However, estrogen-based therapy may potentially increase the risk of breast cancer, necessitating a search for novel drugs. This study, therefore, investigated the ameliorative effects of a selective estrogen receptor modulator, ormeloxifene, in pulmonary hypertension. Methods: Cardiomyocytes (H9C2) and human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) were exposed to hypoxia (1% O2) for 42 and 96 h, respectively, with or without ormeloxifene pre-treatment (1 μM). Also, female (ovary-intact or ovariectomized) and male Sprague–Dawley rats received monocrotaline (60 mg/kg, once, subcutaneously), with or without ormeloxifene treatment (2.5 mg/kg, orally) for four weeks. Results: Hypoxia dysregulated 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17βHSD) 1 & 2 expressions, reducing 17β- estradiol production and estrogen receptors α and β in HPASMC but increasing estrone, proliferation, inflam mation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Similarly, monocrotaline decreased plasma 17β-estra diol and uterine weight in ovary-intact rats. Further, monocrotaline altered 17βHSD1 & 2 expressions and reduced estrogen receptors α and β, increasing right ventricular pressure, proliferation, inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, mitochondrial dysfunction, and vascular remodeling in female and male rats, with worsened conditions in ovariectomized rats. Ormeloxifene was less uterotrophic; however, it attenuated both hypoxia and monocrotaline effects by improving pulmonary 17β-estradiol synthesis. Furthermore, orme loxifene decreased cardiac hypertrophy and right ventricular remodeling induced by hypoxia and monocrotaline. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that ormeloxifene promoted pulmonary 17β-estradiol synthesis, alleviated inflammation, improved the NOX4/HO1/Nrf/PPARγ/PGC-1α axis, and attenuated pulmonary hypertension. It is evidently safe at tested concentrations and may be effectively repurposed for pulmonary hypertension treatment.
  • Item
    Protective Roles of Neem Leaves on Hormonal Levels in Heteroclarias Exposed to Diclofenac
    (2024-12-29) Abdulkareem*, S.I.; Abdulkareem, A.O.
    Background: The release of the untreated effluents from the pharmaceutical factories has great potential adverse effects on the aquatic organisms like fish, which could induce stress and cause alterations in the hormonal levels of the fish. Methods: This study investigated the effects of lethal and sub-lethal concentrations of Diclofenac on hormonal levels of Heteroclarias for 96 h and 30 d. The Diclofenac-exposed-fish were fed on different percentages (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 %) of Neem leaf to access the ameliorative potentials of the leaf against the toxicity of Diclofenac. After each experiment, blood was collected from both the control and the Diclofenac-exposed fish for hormonal assay. Results: The 96 h LC50 was estimated as 10.8 mg/l. The serum levels of hormones such as follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH); luteinizing hormone (LH); oestradiol; prolactin; testosterone; progesterone; triiodothyronine (T3); thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were significantly (P<0.05) reduced in the Diclofenac-exposed-group compared to control and the reduction is concentration dependent. However, group C fed on 1 % Neem leaf significantly (P<0.05) increased compared to group B fed on 0 % Neem leaf. Conclusion: The study implies that 1 % Neem leaf inclusion in diet of Heteroclarias is capable of minimizing the toxic effect of Diclofenac and improve the hormonal levels of the fish.